• In Iceland, travellers now only pass as fully vaccinated if they have completed their original vaccine series within the past nine months. Photo: Visit Iceland
    In Iceland, travellers now only pass as fully vaccinated if they have completed their original vaccine series within the past nine months. Photo: Visit Iceland
  • Visitors to Israel must have had a full course of an approved Covid-19 vaccine with the second dose taken no more than 180 days before the final date that travellers will be in the country. AFP
    Visitors to Israel must have had a full course of an approved Covid-19 vaccine with the second dose taken no more than 180 days before the final date that travellers will be in the country. AFP
  • New rules coming into play on February 1 in Austria mean that two-dose vaccinations will now only be valid for nine months from the date of the second dose. Getty Images
    New rules coming into play on February 1 in Austria mean that two-dose vaccinations will now only be valid for nine months from the date of the second dose. Getty Images
  • All foreigners travelling in France will need to have a booster dose of a vaccination from February 15 if four months or more have passed since the original immunisation series. Reuters
    All foreigners travelling in France will need to have a booster dose of a vaccination from February 15 if four months or more have passed since the original immunisation series. Reuters
  • From February 1, Switzerland will only count tourists as fully vaccinated if they have completed their vaccine series in the past 270 days. Photo: AllDetails / Maude Rion
    From February 1, Switzerland will only count tourists as fully vaccinated if they have completed their vaccine series in the past 270 days. Photo: AllDetails / Maude Rion

Five countries you need a Covid-19 booster to travel to: from Israel to Iceland


Hayley Skirka
  • English
  • Arabic

From Tuesday, new EU-wide rules coming into force mean that travellers holding digital Covid-19 certificates for travel may now need to have a booster jab to travel if their previous vaccine was taken more than nine months ago.

The new rules mean that travellers who received their second dose of a Covid-19 vaccine before the beginning of May last year could have to take a booster jab before travelling around Europe.

The new measures are not compulsory, with member nations allowed to dictate their own rules for entry. However several destinations, both in and outside of the EU, are now mandating additional jabs for travellers.

As more countries announce plans to require international visitors to show proof of a booster shot for entry, the definition of fully vaccinated for travel purposes now differs depending on your destination.

Tourists planning trips need to make sure they are up to date on all new rules in their country of departure and where they are travelling to. It is important to read the fine print to understand which vaccines are accepted where and how long they are valid for.

In Abu Dhabi, residents and citizens need a booster dose of an approved Covid-19 jab if their first dose was taken more than six months ago. However, the Emirates does not dictate that foreigners visiting the country also abide by this rule.

Here are five destinations where you may need another Covid-19 jab before you visit …

1. Austria

Austria will only recognise two-dose vaccinations for Covid-19 for nine months from the date of the second dose.
Austria will only recognise two-dose vaccinations for Covid-19 for nine months from the date of the second dose.

Snow-covered forests, untouched pistes and frozen lakes await in Austria, which is less than six hours from the UAE. But travellers planning a visit need to take note of new Covid-19 rules regarding vaccinations.

Vaccine certificates were previously considered valid for 12 months by Austrian authorities, but new rules coming into play on February 1 mean that two-dose vaccinations will now only be valid for nine months from the date of the second dose.

While this does not apply to enter the country, for which validity remains 12 months, boosters will be needed to access anywhere fun, including hotels, restaurants, leisure centres, gyms, cinemas, theatres and museums.

Travellers vaccinated via the one-dose jab from Johnson & Johnson already require a booster shot after nine months for travel to Austria.

2. France

France has introduced new Covid rules requiring people to be fully-vaccinated against Covid-19 to enter bars, restaurants, tourist attractions and more. Getty Images
France has introduced new Covid rules requiring people to be fully-vaccinated against Covid-19 to enter bars, restaurants, tourist attractions and more. Getty Images

If the City of Love or Provence’s lavender fields are on your travel radar then make sure you’re up to date with your Covid-19 vaccines.

All foreigners travelling in France will need to have a booster dose of a vaccination from February 15 if four months or more have passed since the original immunisation series. This is a change from the previous rule, which recognised vaccination certificates for seven months.

The new rules don’t apply for entry, so in theory you can fly to France without a booster but you won’t be able to do much when you get there as entry to bars, cafes, tourist attractions and more will be restricted to those with a vaccine pass – and to get one of those you’ll need your booster jab if more than four months have passed since your second dose of a vaccine.

If you’re coming from the UAE – a country that is currently green-listed for travel by France – you’ll also need a negative PCR result from a test taken no more than 48 hours before your flight, although children under 12 are exempt from this requirement.

3. Israel

Sunset in the Israeli Mediterranean coastal city of Netanya, north of Tel Aviv. AFP
Sunset in the Israeli Mediterranean coastal city of Netanya, north of Tel Aviv. AFP

Israel has had some of the strictest Covid-19 entry requirements since the global pandemic commenced, so it’s no surprise that the country has introduced an expiration date for vaccinations.

Travellers keen to visit the Dead Sea, Tel Aviv or Masada National Park can now do so after the nation reopened to vaccinated tourists in January. However, visitors must have had a full course of an approved Covid-19 vaccine with the second dose taken no more than 180 days before the final date that travellers will be in the country.

If it's been longer than this, then you’ll need to have a booster dose at least 14 days before you arrive in Israel to be allowed entry. Pre-departure PCR tests and on-arrival PCR checks are also in place for some travellers, so check the current regulations before you fly.

4. Iceland

Tourists in the valley of Natthagi near Mount Fagradalsfjall, southwest of Iceland's capital Reykjavik. AFP
Tourists in the valley of Natthagi near Mount Fagradalsfjall, southwest of Iceland's capital Reykjavik. AFP

Famed for its wild highlands, geothermal spas, ice-covered glaciers and unique Icelandic sense of humour, Iceland was one of the first countries to reopen to vaccinated foreigners after the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic.

The tiny Nordic nation continues to welcome overseas travellers but people planning a trip should be aware that they'll now only pass as fully vaccinated if they have completed their original vaccine series within the past nine months, unless they’ve also received a booster jab.

The new rules came into play on January 15, and slash validity of vaccines by three months from the country's previous 12-month mandate.

Most travellers visiting Iceland will also need a negative PCR test before flying there, regardless of vaccination status.

5. Switzerland

Switzerland has shortened the length of validity for Covid-19 vaccines from 12 to nine months. Farah Andrews / The National
Switzerland has shortened the length of validity for Covid-19 vaccines from 12 to nine months. Farah Andrews / The National

Known for its mountains, luxury timepieces, divine chocolate and alpine lakes, Switzerland is welcoming vaccinated travellers for tourism purposes. However, from February 1, the country will only count tourists as fully vaccinated if they have completed their vaccine series in the past 270 days – just under nine months.

This is a reduction from the previous rules which allowed people to enter with a vaccination taken within the past year.

The move to shorten the validity of vaccination certificates comes after the decision by the Commission of the European Union stating that they should be valid for a period of nine months at most.

Switzerland played things safe by also extending its current coronavirus measures until at least March 31. Put in place in December to try and slow the spread of the Omicron variant, the measures, which include compulsory face mask-wearing in public places and social distancing rules, were originally due to expire on January 24.

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The years Ramadan fell in May

1987

1954

1921

1888

U19 WORLD CUP, WEST INDIES

UAE group fixtures (all in St Kitts)

  • Saturday 15 January: UAE beat Canada by 49 runs 
  • Thursday 20 January: v England 
  • Saturday 22 January: v Bangladesh 

UAE squad:

Alishan Sharafu (captain), Shival Bawa, Jash Giyanani, Sailles
Jaishankar, Nilansh Keswani, Aayan Khan, Punya Mehra, Ali Naseer, Ronak Panoly,
Dhruv Parashar, Vinayak Raghavan, Soorya Sathish, Aryansh Sharma, Adithya
Shetty, Kai Smith  

if you go

The flights

Etihad and Emirates fly direct from the UAE to Seoul from Dh3,775 return, including taxes

The package

Ski Safari offers a seven-night ski package to Korea, including five nights at the Dragon Valley Hotel in Yongpyong and two nights at Seoul CenterMark hotel, from £720 (Dh3,488) per person, including transfers, based on two travelling in January

The info

Visit www.gokorea.co.uk

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The specs

Engine: Four electric motors, one at each wheel

Power: 579hp

Torque: 859Nm

Transmission: Single-speed automatic

Price: From Dh825,900

On sale: Now

COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20PlanRadar%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E2013%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECo-founders%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EIbrahim%20Imam%2C%20Sander%20van%20de%20Rijdt%2C%20Constantin%20K%C3%B6ck%2C%20Clemens%20Hammerl%2C%20Domagoj%20Dolinsek%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EVienna%2C%20Austria%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EConstruction%20and%20real%20estate%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E400%2B%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeries%20B%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Headline%2C%20Berliner%20Volksbank%20Ventures%2C%20aws%20Gr%C3%BCnderfonds%2C%20Cavalry%20Ventures%2C%20Proptech1%2C%20Russmedia%2C%20GR%20Capital%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
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%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EPyppl%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EEstablished%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E2017%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EAntti%20Arponen%20and%20Phil%20Reynolds%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20UAE%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20financial%20services%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%2418.5%20million%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EEmployees%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20150%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunding%20stage%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20series%20A%2C%20closed%20in%202021%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20venture%20capital%20companies%2C%20international%20funds%2C%20family%20offices%2C%20high-net-worth%20individuals%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
ALRAWABI%20SCHOOL%20FOR%20GIRLS
%3Cp%3ECreator%3A%20Tima%20Shomali%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3EStarring%3A%C2%A0Tara%20Abboud%2C%C2%A0Kira%20Yaghnam%2C%20Tara%20Atalla%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3ERating%3A%204%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
THE SPECS

Engine: 1.5-litre turbocharged four-cylinder

Transmission: Constant Variable (CVT)

Power: 141bhp 

Torque: 250Nm 

Price: Dh64,500

On sale: Now

Who's who in Yemen conflict

Houthis: Iran-backed rebels who occupy Sanaa and run unrecognised government

Yemeni government: Exiled government in Aden led by eight-member Presidential Leadership Council

Southern Transitional Council: Faction in Yemeni government that seeks autonomy for the south

Habrish 'rebels': Tribal-backed forces feuding with STC over control of oil in government territory

MATCH INFO

Mainz 0

RB Leipzig 5 (Werner 11', 48', 75', Poulsen 23', Sabitzer 36')

Man of the Match: Timo Werner (RB Leipzig)

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%3Cul%3E%0A%3Cli%3ENever%20click%20on%20links%20provided%20via%20app%20or%20SMS%2C%20even%20if%20they%20seem%20to%20come%20from%20authorised%20senders%20at%20first%20glance%3C%2Fli%3E%0A%3Cli%3EAlways%20double-check%20the%20authenticity%20of%20websites%3C%2Fli%3E%0A%3Cli%3EEnable%20Two-Factor%20Authentication%20(2FA)%20for%20all%20your%20working%20and%20personal%20services%3C%2Fli%3E%0A%3Cli%3EOnly%20use%20official%20links%20published%20by%20the%20respective%20entity%3C%2Fli%3E%0A%3Cli%3EDouble-check%20the%20web%20addresses%20to%20reduce%20exposure%20to%20fake%20sites%20created%20with%20domain%20names%20containing%20spelling%20errors%3C%2Fli%3E%0A%3C%2Ful%3E%0A
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The specs: 2018 Peugeot 5008

Price, base / as tested: Dh99,900 / Dh134,900

Engine: 1.6-litre turbocharged four-cylinder

Transmission: Six-speed automatic

Power: 165hp @ 6,000rpm

Torque: 240Nm @ 1,400rpm

Fuel economy, combined: 5.8L / 100km

Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.

9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services

Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations. 

10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

WHAT%20MACRO%20FACTORS%20ARE%20IMPACTING%20META%20TECH%20MARKETS%3F
%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Looming%20global%20slowdown%20and%20recession%20in%20key%20economies%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Russia-Ukraine%20war%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Interest%20rate%20hikes%20and%20the%20rising%20cost%20of%20debt%20servicing%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Oil%20price%20volatility%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Persisting%20inflationary%20pressures%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Exchange%20rate%20fluctuations%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Shortage%20of%20labour%2Fskills%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20A%20resurgence%20of%20Covid%3F%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
FIXTURES

Monday, January 28
Iran v Japan, Hazza bin Zayed Stadium (6pm)

Tuesday, January 29
UAEv Qatar, Mohamed Bin Zayed Stadium (6pm)

Friday, February 1
Final, Zayed Sports City Stadium (6pm)

Moon Music

Artist: Coldplay

Label: Parlophone/Atlantic

Number of tracks: 10

Rating: 3/5

Why it pays to compare

A comparison of sending Dh20,000 from the UAE using two different routes at the same time - the first direct from a UAE bank to a bank in Germany, and the second from the same UAE bank via an online platform to Germany - found key differences in cost and speed. The transfers were both initiated on January 30.

Route 1: bank transfer

The UAE bank charged Dh152.25 for the Dh20,000 transfer. On top of that, their exchange rate margin added a difference of around Dh415, compared with the mid-market rate.

Total cost: Dh567.25 - around 2.9 per cent of the total amount

Total received: €4,670.30 

Route 2: online platform

The UAE bank’s charge for sending Dh20,000 to a UK dirham-denominated account was Dh2.10. The exchange rate margin cost was Dh60, plus a Dh12 fee.

Total cost: Dh74.10, around 0.4 per cent of the transaction

Total received: €4,756

The UAE bank transfer was far quicker – around two to three working days, while the online platform took around four to five days, but was considerably cheaper. In the online platform transfer, the funds were also exposed to currency risk during the period it took for them to arrive.

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Trump v Khan

2016: Feud begins after Khan criticised Trump’s proposed Muslim travel ban to US

2017: Trump criticises Khan’s ‘no reason to be alarmed’ response to London Bridge terror attacks

2019: Trump calls Khan a “stone cold loser” before first state visit

2019: Trump tweets about “Khan’s Londonistan”, calling him “a national disgrace”

2022:  Khan’s office attributes rise in Islamophobic abuse against the major to hostility stoked during Trump’s presidency

July 2025 During a golfing trip to Scotland, Trump calls Khan “a nasty person”

Sept 2025 Trump blames Khan for London’s “stabbings and the dirt and the filth”.

Dec 2025 Trump suggests migrants got Khan elected, calls him a “horrible, vicious, disgusting mayor”

Scorline

Iraq 1-0 UAE

Iraq Hussein 28’

FIGHT%20CARD
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The burning issue

The internal combustion engine is facing a watershed moment – major manufacturer Volvo is to stop producing petroleum-powered vehicles by 2021 and countries in Europe, including the UK, have vowed to ban their sale before 2040. The National takes a look at the story of one of the most successful technologies of the last 100 years and how it has impacted life in the UAE. 

Read part four: an affection for classic cars lives on

Read part three: the age of the electric vehicle begins

Read part two: how climate change drove the race for an alternative 

Winners

Best Men's Player of the Year: Kylian Mbappe (PSG)

Maradona Award for Best Goal Scorer of the Year: Robert Lewandowski (Bayern Munich)

TikTok Fans’ Player of the Year: Robert Lewandowski

Top Goal Scorer of All Time: Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United)

Best Women's Player of the Year: Alexia Putellas (Barcelona)

Best Men's Club of the Year: Chelsea

Best Women's Club of the Year: Barcelona

Best Defender of the Year: Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus/Italy)

Best Goalkeeper of the Year: Gianluigi Donnarumma (PSG/Italy)

Best Coach of the Year: Roberto Mancini (Italy)

Best National Team of the Year: Italy 

Best Agent of the Year: Federico Pastorello

Best Sporting Director of the Year: Txiki Begiristain (Manchester City)

Player Career Award: Ronaldinho

Farasan Boat: 128km Away from Anchorage

Director: Mowaffaq Alobaid 

Stars: Abdulaziz Almadhi, Mohammed Al Akkasi, Ali Al Suhaibani

Rating: 4/5

Company%C2%A0profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ELeap%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EMarch%202021%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Ziad%20Toqan%20and%20Jamil%20Khammu%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFinTech%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EPre-seed%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunds%20raised%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Undisclosed%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeven%3C%2Fp%3E%0A

Engine: 80 kWh four-wheel-drive

Transmission: eight-speed automatic

Power: 402bhp

Torque: 760Nm

Price: From Dh280,000

Ferrari 12Cilindri specs

Engine: naturally aspirated 6.5-liter V12

Power: 819hp

Torque: 678Nm at 7,250rpm

Price: From Dh1,700,000

Available: Now

About Karol Nawrocki

• Supports military aid for Ukraine, unlike other eurosceptic leaders, but he will oppose its membership in western alliances.

• A nationalist, his campaign slogan was Poland First. "Let's help others, but let's take care of our own citizens first," he said on social media in April.

• Cultivates tough-guy image, posting videos of himself at shooting ranges and in boxing rings.

• Met Donald Trump at the White House and received his backing.

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Updated: January 31, 2022, 1:18 PM