The UAE is about to attempt to become only the second nation to land on the far side of the Moon, Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed, Crown Prince of Dubai, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence, has said.
Sheikh Hamdan made his comments in the wake of a deal between the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) and the US-based Firefly Aerospace to provide the payload delivery services for the Rashid 2 rover, forming a vital part of the Emirates Lunar Mission scheduled for 2026.
"The mission is set to make the UAE only the second country in history to attempt a landing on the Moon's far side, placing the nation at the forefront of space exploration," Sheikh Hamdan said on X on Thursday.
"The UAE continues to strengthen its role as a major global player in advancing space exploration. Driven by the talent of our youth, the UAE’s journey in space reflects the same ambition and excellence that define our progress on Earth."
Only one country has successfully landed on the far side of the Moon to date. China made history in 2019 when its Chang'e-4 mission landed in the Von Karman crater.
MBRSC has now selected Firefly Aerospace to carry its second lunar rover, Rashid 2, to the Moon. It will travel into space aboard the Blue Ghost 2 lander, currently scheduled for launch in early 2026 for a landing attempt on the Moon’s far side - the unlit part - for a 10-day mission.
It will be the space centre’s second attempt to land a rover on the Moon following the unsuccessful Rashid 1 mission in April 2023. The first rover, part of Japan’s Hakuto-R Mission 1, was lost when the lander crashed into the lunar surface.
Firefly is one of only two companies that has managed to land safely on the Moon. Its Blue Ghost 1 vehicle touched down on March 2. Intuitive Machines, another US company, carried out the first successful private mission to the Moon’s surface last year.
Both companies are part of Nasa’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) programme, which awards contracts to companies developing lunar vehicles that can deliver scientific and technology payloads to the surface.
Firefly’s second mission to the Moon involves the Elytra Dark orbital vehicle, a spacecraft that will deploy the Blue Ghost 2 lander and the European Space Agency’s Lunar Pathfinder satellite. From there, Blue Ghost 2 will attempt a landing on the lunar surface.
Apart from the UAE's Rashid 2, the landing vehicle is carrying technology from a few other clients, including Nasa and the US Department of Energy, Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Australian Space Agency.
The Rashid 2 rover was designed to achieve the same targets that the initial one was meant to carry out. These include studying regolith, or lunar soil, testing new materials for lunar exploration, capturing high-resolution images and analysing the lunar surface environment.
Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026
1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years
If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.
2. E-invoicing in the UAE
Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption.
3. More tax audits
Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks.
4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime
Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.
5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit
There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.
6. Further transfer pricing enforcement
Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes.
7. Limited time periods for audits
Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion.
8. Pillar 2 implementation
Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.
9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services
Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations.
10. Substance and CbC reporting focus
Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity.
Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer
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