During Ramadan, the Arab music and television worlds converge to collaborate on some of the year's most-anticipated programmes.
As we enter the second week of the holy month, some viewers will, by now, be well versed in some of the theme songs of their favourite nightly shows.
Scroll through the gallery above to see 28 Arabic shows to watch during Ramadan 2022.
These tracks, some of which last for up to five minutes, are known in Arabic as titrat and can be just as important as the talent on screen.
Not only do they set the tone for the action ahead, but those that resonate with listeners can elevate the programme above the fiercely competitive pack and maintain its appeal long after Ramadan concludes. That's when most shows are shown again on TV channels or made available on streaming platforms.
Here are 10 pop stars and actors singing in this season's most memorable tunes.
1. Elissa
The Lebanese superstar takes part in the Ramadan TV marathon this year by singing the theme song for Syrian drama Al Dhul, being screened nightly on Rotana Drama from 11pm (UAE time).
The track, titled Damayer, which loosely meaning shadows, is a soulful number with lyrics complementing the ensemble drama's key themes of love and lies.
2. Hussain Al Jassmi
The Emirati singer delivers a mid-tempo Egyptian pop track for Wust El Balad, which is showing on MBC Masr at 5.30pm and streaming on Shahid. It is a societal drama focusing on the triumphs and losses of a rich family.
As with most tracks of its kind, the lyrics don't directly address the plot, but instead investigate key subjects tackled in the show, such as loyalty and pride.
3. Nancy Ajram
The Lebanese singer sounds exquisite in this ballad for the psychological drama U Turn, which is streaming on Shahid.
The sweetness of her vocals is undercut by the caustic lyrics — sung in the Egyptian dialect — that underscore the anger of series protagonist Yara, who is stuck in an abusive marriage.
“Injustice is the darkness caused by the ones who wronged me / The oppressors of the word are in my sight.”
4. Nassif Zeytoun
The Syrian singer lends his talents to the second season of hit Lebanese drama Lil Mout 2, which can be seen on Lebanese channel MTV at 10.30pm and streaming on demand on Shahid.
Where the thrilling series centres on the underhanded escapes of friends Reem and Sahar, the theme song has a mournful Zeytoun pondering on whether all the lies and double-crossings of the duo is worthwhile.
5. Mohamed Mohy
The Egyptian singer, once a dependable choice for TV studios, returns with his first Ramadan drama theme song in seven years, for the Egyptian production Inhiraf, which is showing on Al Nahar Drama at 9.30pm.
The string-laden tune serves as an introductory moment of calm before the full-throttled drama kicks in with its tale of a wicked psychiatrist who abuses her patients.
6. Akram Hosny
Akram Hosny is on double duty this Ramadan, with the Egyptian actor starring in, and co-rapping on, the theme song for comedy series Maktoub Alia (DMC drama at 8.45pm and streaming on Shahid).
The track, featuring Hosny rapping alongside female backing vocalists, is zany and alludes to the predicament of his role as Galal, an office worker whose life is turned upside down after a random encounter with a stranger in the first episode.
7. Angham
With the plot of Egyptian drama Faten Amal Harbi (9pm on Dubai TV) revolving around the custody issues and societal judgments faced by divorced mothers planning to remarry, it is only right that the theme song is a defiant ode to independence.
Ana Mush Da'eefa, which translates as I Am Not Weak, by Angham, sets the tone of this provocative family drama.
8. Fifi Abdou
Abdou is another star who takes on singing duties.
In the case of Al Shugl Aaali (9pm Abu Dhabi TV and ADTV App), Abdou's decision to record the track is no indulgence.
Instead, her sparkling vocals suit the vibrant comedy about two spurned friends who open up a company to consult women on how to deal with manipulative men.
9. Amr Saad
This upbeat track suits gritty drama Tooba (MBC Masr at 10pm).
Actor Amr Saad has teamed up with Egyptian hip-hop star Afroto for a thumping tune that is fast eclipsing the popularity of the crime series.
10. Medhat Saleh
The veteran Egyptian crooner is in vintage form in this lavishly produced track for Rageen Ya Hawa (8.20pm DMC Drama), a fraught family tale about a son who has returned from Europe to demand his family inheritance.
Tearful appearance
Chancellor Rachel Reeves set markets on edge as she appeared visibly distraught in parliament on Wednesday.
Legislative setbacks for the government have blown a new hole in the budgetary calculations at a time when the deficit is stubbornly large and the economy is struggling to grow.
She appeared with Keir Starmer on Thursday and the pair embraced, but he had failed to give her his backing as she cried a day earlier.
A spokesman said her upset demeanour was due to a personal matter.
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The winners of each semi will then meet at Porto’s Dragao stadium on Sunday, with the losing semi-finalists contesting a third-place play-off in Guimaraes earlier that day.
Qualifying for the final stage was via League A of the inaugural Nations League, in which the top 12 European countries according to Uefa's co-efficient seeding system were divided into four groups, the teams playing each other twice between September and November. Portugal, who finished above Italy and Poland, successfully bid to host the finals.
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Checking: the obsession or thoughts focus on some harm coming from things not being as they should, which usually centre around the theme of safety. For example, the obsession is “the building will burn down”, therefore the compulsion is checking that the oven is switched off.
Contamination: the obsession is focused on the presence of germs, dirt or harmful bacteria and how this will impact the person and/or their loved ones. For example, the obsession is “the floor is dirty; me and my family will get sick and die”, the compulsion is repetitive cleaning.
Orderliness: the obsession is a fear of sitting with uncomfortable feelings, or to prevent harm coming to oneself or others. Objectively there appears to be no logical link between the obsession and compulsion. For example,” I won’t feel right if the jars aren’t lined up” or “harm will come to my family if I don’t line up all the jars”, so the compulsion is therefore lining up the jars.
Intrusive thoughts: the intrusive thought is usually highly distressing and repetitive. Common examples may include thoughts of perpetrating violence towards others, harming others, or questions over one’s character or deeds, usually in conflict with the person’s true values. An example would be: “I think I might hurt my family”, which in turn leads to the compulsion of avoiding social gatherings.
Hoarding: the intrusive thought is the overvaluing of objects or possessions, while the compulsion is stashing or hoarding these items and refusing to let them go. For example, “this newspaper may come in useful one day”, therefore, the compulsion is hoarding newspapers instead of discarding them the next day.
Source: Dr Robert Chandler, clinical psychologist at Lighthouse Arabia
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Nigel Farage told Reform's annual conference that the party will proscribe the Muslim Brotherhood if he becomes Prime Minister.
"We will stop dangerous organisations with links to terrorism operating in our country," he said. "Quite why we've been so gutless about this – both Labour and Conservative – I don't know.
“All across the Middle East, countries have banned and proscribed the Muslim Brotherhood as a dangerous organisation. We will do the very same.”
It is 10 years since a ground-breaking report into the Muslim Brotherhood by Sir John Jenkins.
Among the former diplomat's findings was an assessment that “the use of extreme violence in the pursuit of the perfect Islamic society” has “never been institutionally disowned” by the movement.
The prime minister at the time, David Cameron, who commissioned the report, said membership or association with the Muslim Brotherhood was a "possible indicator of extremism" but it would not be banned.
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