SANAA // Famine and disease haunt the living, but not even the dead are spared the calamities of Yemen’s two-year-old civil war.
Ancient mummies are withering away in a major museum for lack of electricity and preservative chemicals from abroad — a sign that the conflict is harming not only the country’s present and future but also its rich past.
The dozen spindly corpses, curled into the foetal position or swaddled in baskets, belong to a lost pagan civilisation that lived around two-and-a-half millennia ago — long before the advent of Islam.
Lying beneath glass panes within the archaeology department in the main university in the capital, Sanaa, the mummies might have slumbered on blissfully unaware of the modern warplanes pounding their homeland.
But a timeless enemy, abetted by the disorder of war, threatens the mummies’ repose.
“The mummies have started to decay and are infected with bacteria. This is because we don’t have electricity and the machines that are supposed to maintain them,” said Abdelrahman Al-Gar, head of the university’s antiquities department. “We need some chemicals to sanitise the mummies every six months, and they aren’t available due to the political situation.”
Sanaa is plagued by power cuts, draining the dehumidifiers that help preserve the “Hall of Mummies.” Funding to government bodies like the university have suffered from a struggle between Yemen’s warring parties for control of the central bank.
Antiquities experts are appealing to the university and the culture ministry for funding and equipment to better fend off the microbes eating into the mummies’ flesh.
A Saudi-led military coalition has carried out thousands of air strikes in a bid to dislodge Yemen’s armed Houthi movement from the capital. The conflict has killed at least 10,000 people and unleashed a humanitarian crisis.
But the closure of Sanaa airport and a near-blockade over a key Red Sea port — aimed at stopping weapons shipments — have cut off imports of speciality goods, such as the chemicals needed to ward off the microscopic menace that now afflicts the mummies.
Sheba and other Yemeni kingdoms once provided the frankincense and myrrh hat were hauled by desert caravans to perfume the temples of the Holy Land and ancient Rome.
Modern combat, however, is disfiguring important cultural treasures. Air strikes have levelled medieval mud brick towers in Sanaa’s old quarter, a medieval mosque and an Ottoman fort.
Al Qaeda militants have dynamited Sufi shrines and armed attacks in Houthi-held lands have driven out many members of a Yemeni Jewish community dating from the time of King Solomon, around 1,000 B.C.
“So many places have been destroyed because of this war,” lamented Ameeda Shaalan, an antiquities professor who still hopes the mummies can be saved. “We now have some things that have survived, and we must preserve them.”
* Reuters
