An executive for Chinese tech giant Huawei has suffered a legal setback when a Canadian judge ruled that proceedings to extradite her to the United States will go ahead.
The decision on so-called double criminality, a key test for extradition, found that bank fraud accusations against Meng Wanzhou would stand up in Canada.
The interim ruling denying Ms Meng's attempt to gain her freedom means she will continue to live in a Vancouver mansion under strict bail conditions while her case is ongoing.
It also effectively dashed hopes for a quick mending of Canada-China relations, which soured following her arrest on a US warrant in 2018 during a stopover in Vancouver.
"The double criminality requirement for extradition is capable of being met in this case," British Columbia Supreme Court Justice Heather Holmes said in her 23-page ruling on Wednesday.
"Ms Meng's application is therefore dismissed," she said.
Prosecutors accused Ms Meng of committing fraud by lying to a bank, in this case an American one. That is a crime in both Canada and the US.
Outside the courthouse, protesters held placards that read "Extradite Meng Wanzhou," "No Huawei in Canada" and "Canada don't let China bully us."
Inside, Ms Meng was composed as the judge explained her decision, in contrast to a gleeful thumbs up the "Huawei Princess" had given while posing for pictures with family and friends on the steps of the courthouse days earlier.
Huawei said it was "disappointed" by the ruling and that it looked forward to Ms Meng ultimately being exonerated.
China's embassy in Ottawa, meanwhile, accused the US of trying "to bring down Huawei" and Canada of being "an accomplice."
"The whole case is entirely a grave political incident," it said.
"We once again urge Canada to take China's solemn position and concerns seriously, immediately release Ms Meng Wanzhou to allow her to return safely to China, and not to go further down the wrong path."
Beijing has long signalled that her repatriation was a precondition for improved bilateral ties and its release of two Canadians detained on espionage claims.
The arrests of former Canadian diplomat Michael Kovrig and businessman Michael Spavor nine days after Ms Meng was taken into custody have been widely decried as retribution.
While the eldest daughter of Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei has been out on bail, the two Canadians remain in China's opaque penal system.
China has also blocked billions of dollars' worth of Canadian agricultural exports.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has insisted on leaving it to the courts to decide Ms Meng's fate.
He lamented last week that communist-led China "doesn't seem to understand" the meaning of an independent judiciary.
On Wednesday his foreign minister, Francois-Philippe Champagne, said Canada would "continue to pursue principled engagement with China to address our bilateral differences and to co-operate in areas of mutual interest."
He said Ottawa would continue to press for the release of Mr Kovrig and Mr Spavor, "who have been arbitrarily detained for over 500 days," and for clemency for a third Canadian, Robert Schellenberg, facing execution.
During four days of hearings in January, the court heard that Ms Meng lied to the HSBC bank about Huawei's relationship with its own Iran-based affiliate Skycom in order to secure nearly US$1 billion in loans and credit, putting the bank at risk of breaching US sanctions.
Lawyers for Canada's attorney general on behalf of the US justice department pointed to a 2013 presentation in Hong Kong in which she told HSBC executives that Huawei no longer owned Skycom and that she had resigned from its board.
The state prosecutor called this a deception, asserting that Huawei controlled the operations of Skycom in Iran and held its purse strings.
"Lying to a bank to obtain financial services is fraud," state counsel Robert Frater told the court.
Defence lawyer Eric Gottardi accused the US of abusing its treaty with Canada by asking it to arrest Ms Meng as part of a campaign against China's largest international company and leader in 5G, or fifth-generation wireless technologies.
The court, however, dismissed defence arguments that the case hinged on the US sanctions against Iran that Canada had repudiated.
"The essence of the alleged wrongful conduct in this case is the making of intentionally false statements in the banker client relationship that put HSBC at risk," the judge wrote.
"The US sanctions are part of the state of affairs necessary to explain how HSBC was at risk, but they are not themselves an intrinsic part of the conduct."
Justice Holmes said her ruling in no way makes a determination on whether there is sufficient evidence to justify extradition.
That question will be decided at a later stage in the proceedings.
The case now continues to a second phase, yet to be scheduled, when the defence will challenge the legality of her arrest, followed by more hearings probably in September.
