The city is emerging as the dominant form of human organisation. Migration to urban centres is on the rise, as the cities of East Africa, South Asia and Latin America experience historic population booms. For the first time in history, more than half of humanity now lives in cities. The knowledge economy, smartphone revolution and app economy are all dependent on cities as their Petri dish for experimentation and refinement. Urbanism, as a mainstream and not merely academic topic, has never been so popular. From the pages of Monocle to the Los Angeles Times, cities and urban life have been heralded as the ultimate form of human organisation and a subject of intense focus.
The independence movements in Catalonia and Kurdistan can also be analysed from this urbanist angle, albeit in different ways. Without the economic power that Barcelona exerts in Spain and beyond, would the Catalan regional government have come this far in its push for independence? Doubtful. Yet, the exact economic price of independence has been lost on the average Catalan. If independence is achieved, the newly established country would wake up on the outside of the European Union, without a currency and facing difficult World Trade Organisation negotiations that will wreak havoc on the economy. For the residents of Barcelona, some reporters have found, the idea of secession from Spain is much more complex than an exercise of simple jingoism.
Yet this has not stopped some from embracing the tantalising prospect of Barcelona as the capital city of the world's youngest country. According to recent surveys, the Catalan capital is the fifth most attractive city in Europe for foreign investors, beating Frankfurt, Madrid and Dublin. It is also one of the most visited tourist destinations in Europe and the most popular in Spain, drawing more than 10 million visitors a year. The city of Gaudi and Spanish resistance to Franco has also established itself as an international tech hub, attracting startups from across the world and playing host to the annual Mobile World Congress. Independence will come with a big price tag for Barcelona and, regardless of how the city will bounce back in decades to come, residents appear more concerned than their countryside competitors.
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The city debate also features in Kurdish calculations for independence. Since the fall of Saddam Hussein more than a decade ago, the Kurds have made urbanism a core part of their push to create an independent country. As a result, Erbil, the capital city of the Kurdish Regional Government, has seen an influx of foreign direct investment mostly linked to the region's oil industry.
Erbil's airport has quickly became one of the busiest in Iraq, serving destinations from Europe to the Middle East and allowing the city to become a home base for international aid organisations, journalists and construction companies. Although nowhere close to the role that Barcelona plays in Catalonia, the rapid urbanisation of Erbil over the last decade is a blueprint of how the Kurds could establish a viable state if independence is achieved.
While these two examples couldn't be more different, they point to the outsized role cities play in the global marketplace. This narrative has rekindled debates about the return of the city-state. Writing in the British journal Aeon, Jamie Bartlett argued that "the nation-state with its borders, centralised governments, common people and sovereign authority is increasingly out of step with the world". The widely shared article noted that nation-states will not collapse overnight but city-states with sovereignty such as Singapore are better positioned to handle our era's unique challenges, such as migration and shifting understandings of identity.
The idea is attractive. City-states, after all, are a much older form of governance than the nation-state, which blends notions of shared identity and political sovereignty. Yet, the independence pushes in Catalonia and Kurdistan underline the need for centralised authority in the maintenance of successful cities – at least in this moment. Barcelona is able to grow, attract and mature because of its place in a larger nation. While Singapore is a tempting example, the fact is that it is unique with few other places of scale like it.
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There is, however, a happy medium and it can be found in Dubai. The city is often discussed in the same breath as Singapore and Hong Kong but its model is unique. It has limited sovereignty over its administration and financial systems, but it is also part of a larger country (thanks to the federated construction of the UAE). In this way Dubai operates more like a canton than a city-state.
The city has invested in infrastructure designed to connect it firmly with the rest of world. From a global airline to international shipping ports, Dubai’s evolution as a global city is one blueprint for how cities around the world will soon be interconnected and come to supersede national politics in favour of global concerns.
Without the tension associated with administering a nation-state, Dubai has focused on making itself a crossroads for the world. It is a place where the global middle class converges, trades and exchanges ideas. This hybrid form of autonomy might well be the necessary ingredient for this period of transition from nation-states to city-states.
Joseph Dana is the editor-in-chief of emerge85 Lab, a project exploring change in the emerging world and its global impact
COMPANY PROFILE
Name: Xpanceo
Started: 2018
Founders: Roman Axelrod, Valentyn Volkov
Based: Dubai, UAE
Industry: Smart contact lenses, augmented/virtual reality
Funding: $40 million
Investor: Opportunity Venture (Asia)
Company profile
Company name: Ogram
Started: 2017
Founders: Karim Kouatly and Shafiq Khartabil
Based: Dubai, UAE
Industry: On-demand staffing
Number of employees: 50
Funding: More than $4 million
Funding round: Series A
Investors: Global Ventures, Aditum and Oraseya Capital
UAE squad
Men's draw: Victor Scvortov and Khalifa Al Hosani, (both 73 kilograms), Sergiu Toma and Mihail Marchitan (90kg), Ivan Remarenco (100kg), Ahmed Al Naqbi (60kg), Musabah Al Shamsi and Ahmed Al Hosani (66kg)
Women’s draw: Maitha Al Neyadi (57kg)
The Killer
Director: David Fincher
Stars: Michael Fassbender, Tilda Swinton, Charles Parnell
Rating: 4/5
FULL FIGHT CARD
Featherweight Bout:
Abdullah Al Qahtani v Taha Bendaoud
Bantamweight Bout:
Ali Taleb v Nawras Abzakh
Bantamweight Bout:
Xavier Alaoui v Rachid El Hazoume
Featherweight Bout:
Islam Reda v Adam Meskini
Bantamweight Bout:
Tariq Ismail v Jalal Al Daaja
Bantamweight Bout:
Elias Boudegzdame v Hassan Mandour
Amateur Female Atomweight Bout:
Hattan Al Saif v Nada Faheem
Featherweight Bout:
Maraoune Bellagouit v Motaz Askar
Featherweight Bout:
Ahmed Tarek v Abdelrahman Alhyasat
Showcase Featherweight Bout:
Mido Mohamed v Yazeed Hasanain
Showcase Flyweight Bout:
Malik Basahel v Harsh Pandya
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Zodi & Tehu: Princes Of The Desert
Director: Eric Barbier
Starring: Youssef Hajdi, Nadia Benzakour, Yasser Drief
Rating: 4/5
Tips for job-seekers
- Do not submit your application through the Easy Apply button on LinkedIn. Employers receive between 600 and 800 replies for each job advert on the platform. If you are the right fit for a job, connect to a relevant person in the company on LinkedIn and send them a direct message.
- Make sure you are an exact fit for the job advertised. If you are an HR manager with five years’ experience in retail and the job requires a similar candidate with five years’ experience in consumer, you should apply. But if you have no experience in HR, do not apply for the job.
David Mackenzie, founder of recruitment agency Mackenzie Jones Middle East
The design
The protective shell is covered in solar panels to make use of light and produce energy. This will drastically reduce energy loss.
More than 80 per cent of the energy consumed by the French pavilion will be produced by the sun.
The architecture will control light sources to provide a highly insulated and airtight building.
The forecourt is protected from the sun and the plants will refresh the inner spaces.
A micro water treatment plant will recycle used water to supply the irrigation for the plants and to flush the toilets. This will reduce the pavilion’s need for fresh water by 30 per cent.
Energy-saving equipment will be used for all lighting and projections.
Beyond its use for the expo, the pavilion will be easy to dismantle and reuse the material.
Some elements of the metal frame can be prefabricated in a factory.
From architects to sound technicians and construction companies, a group of experts from 10 companies have created the pavilion.
Work will begin in May; the first stone will be laid in Dubai in the second quarter of 2019.
Construction of the pavilion will take 17 months from May 2019 to September 2020.
Profile of Foodics
Founders: Ahmad AlZaini and Mosab AlOthmani
Based: Riyadh
Sector: Software
Employees: 150
Amount raised: $8m through seed and Series A - Series B raise ongoing
Funders: Raed Advanced Investment Co, Al-Riyadh Al Walid Investment Co, 500 Falcons, SWM Investment, AlShoaibah SPV, Faith Capital, Technology Investments Co, Savour Holding, Future Resources, Derayah Custody Co.
Fourth Arab Economic and Social Development Summit
As he spoke, Mr Aboul Gheit repeatedly referred to the need to tackle issues affecting the welfare of people across the region both in terms of preventing conflict and in pushing development.
Lebanon is scheduled to host the fourth Arab Economic and Social Development Summit in January that will see regional leaders gather to tackle the challenges facing the Middle East. The last such summit was held in 2013. Assistant Secretary-General Hossam Zaki told The National that the Beirut Summit “will be an opportunity for Arab leaders to discuss solely economic and social issues, the conference will not focus on political concerns such as Palestine, Syria or Libya". He added that its slogan will be “the individual is at the heart of development”, adding that it will focus on all elements of human capital.
Chris Jordan on Sanchit
Chris Jordan insists Sanchit Sharma will make an impact on the ILT20, despite him starting the campaign on Gulf Giants' bench.
The young UAE seamer was an instant success for the side last season, and remained part of the XI as they claimed the title.
He has yet to feature this term as the Giants have preferred Aayan Khan and Usman Khan as their two UAE players so far.
However, England quick Jordan is sure his young colleague will have a role to play at some point.
"Me and Sanchit have a great relationship from last season," Jordan said.
"Whenever I am working with more inexperienced guys, I take pleasure in sharing as much as possible.
"I know what it was like when I was younger and learning off senior players.
"Last season Sanchit kick-started our season in Abu Dhabi with a brilliant man-of-the-match performance.
"Coming into this one, I have seen a lot of improvement. The focus he is showing will only stand him in good stead."
Company Profile
Name: Direct Debit System
Started: Sept 2017
Based: UAE with a subsidiary in the UK
Industry: FinTech
Funding: Undisclosed
Investors: Elaine Jones
Number of employees: 8
Our family matters legal consultant
Name: Hassan Mohsen Elhais
Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.
Results
6.30pm: Mazrat Al Ruwayah Group Two (PA) US$55,000 (Dirt) 1,600m; Winner: Rasi, Harry Bentley (jockey), Sulaiman Al Ghunaimi (trainer).
7.05pm: Meydan Trophy (TB) $100,000 (Turf) 1,900m; Winner: Ya Hayati, William Buick, Charlie Appleby.
7.40pm: Handicap (TB) $135,000 (D) 1,200m; Winner: Bochart, Richard Mullen, Satish Seemar.
8.15pm: Balanchine Group Two (TB) $250,000 (T) 1,800m; Winner: Magic Lily, William Buick, Charlie Appleby.
8.50pm: Handicap (TB) $135,000 (T) 1,000m; Winner: Waady, Jim Crowley, Doug Watson.
9.25pm: Firebreak Stakes Group Three (TB) $200,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Capezzano, Mickael Barzalona, Salem bin Ghadayer.
10pm: Handicap (TB) $175,000 (T) 2,410m; Winner: Eynhallow, Mickael Barzalona, Charlie Appleby.
ALRAWABI SCHOOL FOR GIRLS
Creator: Tima Shomali
Starring: Tara Abboud, Kira Yaghnam, Tara Atalla
Rating: 4/5
Seven Winters in Tehran
Director : Steffi Niederzoll
Starring: Reyhaneh Jabbari, Shole Pakravan, Zar Amir Ebrahimi
Rating: 4/5
The specs: Aston Martin DB11 V8 vs Ferrari GTC4Lusso T
Price, base: Dh840,000; Dh120,000
Engine: 4.0L V8 twin-turbo; 3.9L V8 turbo
Transmission: Eight-speed automatic; seven-speed automatic
Power: 509hp @ 6,000rpm; 601hp @ 7,500rpm
Torque: 695Nm @ 2,000rpm; 760Nm @ 3,000rpm
Fuel economy, combined: 9.9L / 100km; 11.6L / 100km
MEDIEVIL (1998)
Developer: SCE Studio Cambridge
Publisher: Sony Computer Entertainment
Console: PlayStation, PlayStation 4 and 5
Rating: 3.5/5
Boston Strangler
Director: Matt Ruskin
Starring: Keira Knightley, Carrie Coon, Alessandro Nivola
Rating: 3/5
The Uefa Awards winners
Uefa Men's Player of the Year: Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)
Uefa Women's Player of the Year: Lucy Bronze (Lyon)
Best players of the 2018/19 Uefa Champions League
Goalkeeper: Alisson (Liverpool)
Defender: Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)
Midfielder: Frenkie de Jong (Ajax)
Forward: Lionel Messi (Barcelona)
Uefa President's Award: Eric Cantona
Our legal consultant
Name: Dr Hassan Mohsen Elhais
Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.
RESULTS
Time; race; prize; distance
4pm: Maiden; (D) Dh150,000; 1,200m
Winner: General Line, Xavier Ziani (jockey), Omar Daraj (trainer)
4.35pm: Maiden (T); Dh150,000; 1,600m
Winner: Travis County, Adrie de Vries, Ismail Mohammed
5.10pm: Handicap (D); Dh175,000; 1,200m
Winner: Scrutineer, Tadhg O’Shea, Ali Rashid Al Raihe
5.45pm: Maiden (D); Dh150,000; 1,600m
Winner: Yulong Warrior, Richard Mullen, Satish Seemar
6.20pm: Maiden (D); Dh150,000; 1,600m
Winner: Ejaaby, Jim Crowley, Doug Watson
6.55pm: Handicap (D); Dh160,000; 1,600m
Winner: Storyboard, Richard Mullen, Satish Seemar
7.30pm: Handicap (D); Dh150,000; 2,200m
Winner: Grand Dauphin, Gerald Mosse, Ahmed Al Shemaili
8.05pm: Handicap (T); Dh190,000; 1,800m
Winner: Good Trip, Tadhg O’Shea, Ali Rashid Al Raihe
EMIRATES'S REVISED A350 DEPLOYMENT SCHEDULE
Edinburgh: November 4 (unchanged)
Bahrain: November 15 (from September 15); second daily service from January 1
Kuwait: November 15 (from September 16)
Mumbai: January 1 (from October 27)
Ahmedabad: January 1 (from October 27)
Colombo: January 2 (from January 1)
Muscat: March 1 (from December 1)
Lyon: March 1 (from December 1)
Bologna: March 1 (from December 1)
Source: Emirates