Cargo ship Rubymar sinks in Red Sea after attack by Houthis

Experts have warned that failure to recover the ship could lead to an environmental disaster

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  An image released by the US military showed the Belize-flagged Rubymar sinking in the Red Sea. AP

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  Rubymar, a British-registered cargo ship, sinking off the coast of Yemen after being damaged in a missile attack by Houthi rebels. EPA

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  The Belize-flagged ship is carrying a cargo of combustible fertiliser. AFP

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  The Saudi-backed government of Yemen has asked the UN for urgent help to avoid an environmental disaster due to the danger of a spill from the cargo of fertiliser. EPA

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  A handout photo made available by Yemeni Al-Joumhouriya TV shows the British-registered cargo vessel, Rubymar, sinking after being damaged in a missile attack by the Houthis in the Red Sea off the coast of Yemen, 26 February 2024 (issued 27 February 2024). The Saudi-backed government of Yemen has asked the United Nations for urgent help to avoid an environmental disaster due to the danger of a spill from Rubymar’s cargo of fertilizer, after it was hit a week ago in a missile strike by Yemen’s Houthis while sailing through the tense waters of the Red Sea. The US-led coalition continues to strike Houthi targets in Yemen as it seeks to degrade the Houthis' abilities to attack commercial shipping vessels amid high tensions in the Middle East. In light of increased maritime security threats, the US designation of the Houthis as a 'Specially Designated Global Terrorist Group' went into effect on 16 February. EPA / Yemeni Al-Joumhouriya TV HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY / NO SALES HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY / NO SALES

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  A US-led coalition continues to strike Houthi targets in Yemen as it seeks to degrade the Houthis' abilities to attack commercial ships amid high tensions in the Middle East. EPA

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  Much of the ship is now underwater. EPA

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The freighter MV Rubymar, which was targeted in an attack by Houthi rebels on February 18, has sunk in the Red Sea, Yemen's government said on Saturday.

Experts told The National last week that the failure to recover the ship could lead to an environmental disaster as its cargo of more than 20,000 tonnes of fertiliser could damage the region’s fragile ecology.

Yemeni Prime Minister Ahmed Awad Bin Mubarak said the ship's sinking was an “environmental catastrophe that Yemen and the region have never experienced before”.

“It is a new tragedy for our country and our people. Every day, we pay for the Houthi militia’s adventures, which were not stopped at plunging Yemen into the coup disaster and war,” he wrote on X, formerly Twitter.

The Rubymar was heading for Bulgaria when it was struck by Yemen's Houthis, who have been attacking commercial vessels in the Red Sea since November, in a campaign the group says is aimed at disrupting global trade to put pressure on Israel to withdraw from the Gaza Strip.

The ship had been taking on water since it was hit by two Houthi ballistic missiles, one of which pierced its side. Photos released showed the vessel's stern submerged to deck level. Fuel leaking from the ship had created a 30km-long slick.

The Rubymar is the first vessel to be sunk since Iran-aligned Houthi forces began drone and missile attacks in mid-November against international commercial shipping in the Red Sea and the Bab Al Mandeb – a route that accounts for about 12 per cent of the world's shipping traffic.

The militia has vowed to continue their attacks as long as Israel continues to commit “crimes” against Palestinians.

The ship’s cargo of fertiliser could have disastrous ecological consequences in the Red Sea, according to Sammy Kayed, an environmental expert who has worked with the UN.

The area is home to a delicate aquatic ecosystem with coral reefs as far south as the Bab Al Mandeb.

“Essentially, a fertiliser spill would cause a rapid nutrient increase, which means it gives a lot of food or nutrition for algae to bloom rapidly and this will disrupt the balance of marine ecosystems,” Mr Kayed told The National.

“And then you'd have oxygen depletion, where the algae breaks down and consumes a lot of oxygen and leads to very low dissolved oxygen levels, which leads to dead zones where aquatic life can't survive,” he said.

“If the current takes the spill towards the coast where the corals are, the algae brooms would block and deprive coral reefs of sunlight and that would cause serious damage to coral reefs,” he said.

“If there is a lot of ammonium in the water it can also be toxic to marine organisms. It will damage gills, cause respiratory stress or failure, and neurological effects.

“All this puts stress on a very biodiverse part of the world. Southern Red Sea coral reefs are some of the most pristine and undisturbed in the world.”