Senegalese diplomat Abdoulaye Bathily appointed UN special envoy to Libya

Renewed clashes in Tripoli underline difficulty of new envoy's task in fostering peace and a political settlement in the divided country

Abdoulaye Bathily, left, takes part in an opposition march in Dakar in April 2010. The Senegalese politician and diplomat was named the UN envoy to Libya on September 3, 2022. AFP

Former Senegalese minister and UN diplomat Abdoulaye Bathily will be the new UN envoy to Libya after the Security Council approved the appointment.

This ends a nine-month search to fill the post, amid increasing chaos in the oil-rich north African nation.

The last UN special representative, Jan Kubis, resigned in November last year after 10 months on the job, and a number of replacements proposed by Secretary General Antonio Guterres were rejected by council members, Libya or neighbouring countries.

In December, Mr Guterres appointed veteran American diplomat Stephanie Williams, a former UN deputy special representative in Libya, as his special adviser — a job that did not require council approval.

She resigned at the end of July, leaving the UN mission in Libya without a leader amid a constitutional and political crisis.

Mr Guterres said Mr Bathily brings 40 years of experience to his new role in Libya.

Mr Bathily held various ministerial positions in Senegal, taught history for more than 30 years at the Universite Cheikh Anta Diop in Dakar, held senior UN positions including in Mali and Central Africa, and served as the independent expert for the strategic review of the Libya mission in 2021.

He has doctorates from Universite Cheikh Anta Diop and the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom and is fluent in English, French, Soninke and Wolof.

Libya’s transitional government, which opposed Mr Bathily’s nomination, reportedly sent a protest letter to Mr Guterres, which raises questions about how effective the new envoy can be in trying to resolve the country’s crisis.

The United States welcomed the appointment, saying heavy fighting that broke out between militias in Tripoli last month "underscored the unsustainability of the situation in Libya, making clear the need for all sides to work in good faith and with a sense of urgency to reach agreement on a constitutional framework and concrete timeline for elections".

"The United States will provide full support to Special Representative Bathily as he mediates the Libya-led political process, and we call upon the international community to work in lockstep with the special representative," Secretary of State Antony Blinken said.

Libya has been in chaos since a popular uprising toppled and killed longtime dictator Muammar Qaddafi in 2011. The county has for years been split between rival administrations, each backed by militias and foreign governments.

UN political chief Rosemary DiCarlo gave a warning on Tuesday that failure to resolve Libya’s political crisis and hold delayed elections posed a growing threat to the country.

She highlighted recent clashes that killed at least 42 people and injured 159 others, according to a tally released by Libyan authorities.

A car burnt during clashes in Tripoli. Reuters

A car's smashed windshield. Reuters

Firefighters put out a fire inside a shop. Reuters

A burning building. Reuters

Empty bullets are found on the ground. Reuters

A man surveys the damage from clashes in the Libyan capital of Tripoli. AP

A car burns in the street. Reuters

Fighters loyal to the head of Libya's Government of National Unity gather in the street. Reuters

Fighters loyal to the Government of National Unity following clashes between rival Libyan groups. AFP

Smoke rises following the fighting. Reuters

Clashes broke out on Saturday between rival militias, a health official said. AP

The fighting broke out in various districts of Tripoli, as two rival governments yet again vie for power in the oil-rich but impoverished North African country. AFP

Tyres are used to section off a road in Tripoli. AFP

The fighting wounded civilians and raised fears of all-out conflict in a country facing a grave political crisis. AFP

Smoke billows as gunfire rings out in the capital. AFP

Fighting has left Tripoli completely deserted. AFP

Military vehicles of the 444 Brigade, backing the Government of National Unity patrol the streets. Reuters

The continuing stalemate grew out of the failure to hold elections in December and the refusal by Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah, who led the transitional government, to step down. In response, the country’s east-based parliament appointed a rival prime minister, Fathi Bashagha, who has for months sought to install his government in Tripoli.

Underlining the challenge facing Mr Bathily, clashes broke out in the western outskirts of Tripoli late on Friday and early Saturday as forces aligned with Mr Dbeibah's government consolidated their control over the capital.

The fighting in Warshafala district, along with a major pro-Dbeibah group taking over a military headquarters in southern Tripoli, come a week after groups allied to the rival prime ministers engaged in Libya's heaviest fighting in two years.

The clashes in and around the capital fighting dislodged several groups that had aligned with Mr Bashagha, who served as interior minister in the former Tripoli government.

Following last week's fighting, both Mr Bashagha and Mr Dbeibah made visits to Turkey, which helped the now-divided western factions fight off an eastern assault in 2020.

Turkey retains a military presence around Tripoli, including drones that could play a critical role in deciding the outcome of any major bout of warfare if it decided to back a side.

In the fighting late on Friday and early on Saturday, a witness told Reuters that mortars were fired in Warshafana, a district of farmland, villages and patches of urban sprawl between Tripoli and the western city of Zawiya.

During last week's fighting, a major Bashagha-aligned faction based in Zawiya was said to be among groups that were repulsed from the outskirts of the capital.

In the southern Tripoli district of Ain Zara, a powerful faction that backed Mr Dbeibah during last week's fighting took over a security headquarters. Fighters and vehicles bearing its insignia stood guard there on Saturday morning with checkpoints set up nearby.

With reporting from AP and Reuters.