Amid the swirl of an early 1960s party scene in Clint Eastwood's latest, an adaptation of Jersey Boys, the hit Broadway musical about Frankie Valli and the Four Seasons, a television screen flashes an unexpected face: young Clint himself, in black and white.
The period-appropriate shot from the television Western Rawhide – a wry Hitchcockian cameo – condenses in a moment the almost unfathomable breadth of Eastwood's career: fresh-faced cowboy to steadfast Oscar-winning director. Does it feel like a lifetime ago to Eastwood?
“Several lifetimes ago,” chuckles the 84-year-old director. “Seeing myself in 1959 or 60 or 61 or whenever that episode was done, it was kind of like: Wow. I’ve travelled a long road since then.”
That road – from Sergio Leone's spaghetti Westerns to Eastwood's own Unforgiven, from "Make my day" to "Get off my lawn" – has made an unlikely detour down the New Jersey Turnpike. Jersey Boys – Eastwood's 12th film as a director since turning 70 – only adds to what is by now one of the most remarkable late chapters of any filmmaker. How has he done it?
“I just never let the old man in,” says Eastwood. “I was always looking for new things to do. I rightfully or wrongly always thought I could do anything.”
Such an attitude explains many of his accomplishments. Who else would have thought a tragic story about a female boxer (Million Dollar Baby) could be such a success? Who else would have come to Iwo Jima to make the Second World War drama Flags of Our Fathers and, out of curiosity and empathy, opted to also make a film (Letters from Iwo Jima) about the other side of the battle field?
And who would have expected the man – "a tall, chiselled piece of lumber, a totem pole with feet", as James Wolcott called him – mythologised as both The Man With No Name and Dirty Harry would be taken by the story of the guys behind Big Girls Don't Cry?
“The whole secret in life, in any profession, regardless of whether it’s entertainment or anything else, is just being interested,” Eastwood says. “Are you interested in life? Are you interested in what’s going on? Are you interested in new kinds of music?”
Eastwood, a piano player and jazz fan, has long been known for his passion for music. He made a film about Charlie Parker (Bird), sang in Paint Your Wagon and Gran Torino, produced a documentary on Thelonious Monk (Straight No Chaser) and has composed most of his scores over the past decade.
But the falsetto-rich pop confections of Valli (played by John Lloyd Young, who originated the role on Broadway) and the Four Seasons would seem a higher register than Eastwood’s natural pitch.
“So many times you’d look off to the wings or even between shots and see him standing there, trying to figure it out for himself, going (in a high voice) ‘Ooooo,’” says Michael Lomenda, who plays the Four Seasons’ Nick Massi in the film.
Though the Jersey Boys sensation still playing on Broadway immediately brought interest from Hollywood, earlier adaptation attempts flatlined before Eastwood revived it with Warner Bros.
“I couldn’t understand quite why after nine years on Broadway somebody didn’t want to do it,” says Eastwood.
Eastwood favoured a faithful adaptation written by the musical's writers, Marshall Brickman and Rick Elice, and cast veterans of the Broadway and touring productions over more famous options. Erich Bergen, who plays the songwriter Bob Gaudio, and Lomenda both come from touring shows. Vincent Piazza of HBO's Boardwalk Empire was the lone outsider.
"We knew there was no chance in hell it would be turned into fluff," Young says of hearing that Eastwood would direct Jersey Boys.
Instead, Eastwood’s film, which opens today, has more melancholy than your average musical and gravitates towards the group’s tumultuous offstage personal lives. Eastwood’s famously efficient style of filmmaking – usually just one or two takes, always on time and under budget – was an education for the actors, most of them unseasoned in moviemaking.
“His fearlessness is somehow contagious,” says Piazza. “The harmony that you walk into and the space he creates for you as an actor is a rare, rare thing.”
Though Eastwood may seem like cinema’s answer to a chunk of Mount Rushmore, he has a warm presence and is quick to smile. He has a habit of pulling taught the skin of his cheek, as if making age an idle plaything. He chases a publicist who has come in to wrap up the interview with a scowl and a good-natured “Get out!”
He recently finished shooting the Navy Seal drama American Sniper, with Bradley Cooper, which he calls "a love story and a military story about a guy who's very talented at shooting people". It's two films in one year for Eastwood in what he notes is his 60th year in movies.
“It’s fashionable to pigeonhole everybody,” he says. “You’re 60, you’re a senior. At 60, I felt like I was about 40. At 40, I felt like I was about 18. It’s just all mental attitude.”
* Associated Press
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Lt Gen Erik Petersen, deputy chief of programs, US Army, has argued it took a “three decade holiday” on modernising tanks.
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Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”