The Benin Bronzes are the most controversial of the artefacts in the Humboldt Forum collection. Getty
The Benin Bronzes are the most controversial of the artefacts in the Humboldt Forum collection. Getty
The Benin Bronzes are the most controversial of the artefacts in the Humboldt Forum collection. Getty
The Benin Bronzes are the most controversial of the artefacts in the Humboldt Forum collection. Getty

Germany's Humboldt Forum opens to chorus of disapproval over colonial artefacts


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A controversial exhibition of colonial artefacts, including those from the Ethnological Museum of Berlin, opened at the Humboldt Forum in Germany on Wednesday.

It marks the culmination of one of Europe's most lavish and divisive cultural projects.

The Humboldt Forum's founders see it as a celebration of Germany's enlightenment, whereas academics and activists perceive it as a whitewashing of German history and an erasing of the destructive legacy of the First World War.

The museum is a replica of the Berliner Schloss, or Berlin Palace, which was built by the Hohenzollern dynasty and demolished in 1950 by the East German government.

The ruling communist party replaced the palace with its own parliament, which was razed after German unification in 1990.

The Humboldt Forum is a reconstructed Prussian palace built on the site of the former East German Parliament. AFP
The Humboldt Forum is a reconstructed Prussian palace built on the site of the former East German Parliament. AFP

Criticism has not only been limited to the building; the colonial artefacts it contains have also brought opprobrium.

Museum curators have faced accusations that efforts to determine provenance have been insufficient and that they failed to prove the ethical case for displaying the objects at all.

The most controversial items in the range are the Benin Bronzes, which were looted by the British in 1897 from an area now part of Nigeria.

It is difficult to get historical justice. So this is more a moral question

Germany has 580 of them but in November Nigeria revealed plans to build a museum over the next four years to exhibit the stolen treasures.

Professor Juergen Zimmerer, an imperial specialist at the University of Hamburg, believes the controversy will endure.

"It is an ongoing discussion because the people in charge of politics and the museum failed to present a satisfactory concept," he said.

"The world will watch Germany and the Humboldt Forum closely."

The Forum has been called on by Berlin anti-colonial activist Mnyaka Sururu Mboro and others to return the artefacts to their native lands.

But they will be hard-pressed to prosecute their case through the courts.

"International law is in large part a creation of former colonial powers," said Zimmerer. "It is difficult to get historical justice. So this is more a moral question."

The project has become a lightning rod for unresolved issues around Germany's colonial legacy.

Zimmerer said it showed "there is still a lot of colonial amnesia".

"The question of looted art is just one of those controversial topics," he said.

Cultural objections were not the only problems faced by the restoration team.

The palace was originally scheduled to be opened in 2019, but building problems and the Covid-19 pandemic caused a year-long delay.

Berlin's mayor Michael Mueller opened the Humboldt Forum in a socially distanced ceremony on Wednesday.

The museum will only be open digitally until coronavirus restrictions allow for visits.

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Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

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Important questions to consider

1. Where on the plane does my pet travel?

There are different types of travel available for pets:

  • Manifest cargo
  • Excess luggage in the hold
  • Excess luggage in the cabin

Each option is safe. The feasibility of each option is based on the size and breed of your pet, the airline they are traveling on and country they are travelling to.

 

2. What is the difference between my pet traveling as manifest cargo or as excess luggage?

If traveling as manifest cargo, your pet is traveling in the front hold of the plane and can travel with or without you being on the same plane. The cost of your pets travel is based on volumetric weight, in other words, the size of their travel crate.

If traveling as excess luggage, your pet will be in the rear hold of the plane and must be traveling under the ticket of a human passenger. The cost of your pets travel is based on the actual (combined) weight of your pet in their crate.

 

3. What happens when my pet arrives in the country they are traveling to?

As soon as the flight arrives, your pet will be taken from the plane straight to the airport terminal.

If your pet is traveling as excess luggage, they will taken to the oversized luggage area in the arrival hall. Once you clear passport control, you will be able to collect them at the same time as your normal luggage. As you exit the airport via the ‘something to declare’ customs channel you will be asked to present your pets travel paperwork to the customs official and / or the vet on duty. 

If your pet is traveling as manifest cargo, they will be taken to the Animal Reception Centre. There, their documentation will be reviewed by the staff of the ARC to ensure all is in order. At the same time, relevant customs formalities will be completed by staff based at the arriving airport. 

 

4. How long does the travel paperwork and other travel preparations take?

This depends entirely on the location that your pet is traveling to. Your pet relocation compnay will provide you with an accurate timeline of how long the relevant preparations will take and at what point in the process the various steps must be taken.

In some cases they can get your pet ‘travel ready’ in a few days. In others it can be up to six months or more.

 

5. What vaccinations does my pet need to travel?

Regardless of where your pet is traveling, they will need certain vaccinations. The exact vaccinations they need are entirely dependent on the location they are traveling to. The one vaccination that is mandatory for every country your pet may travel to is a rabies vaccination.

Other vaccinations may also be necessary. These will be advised to you as relevant. In every situation, it is essential to keep your vaccinations current and to not miss a due date, even by one day. To do so could severely hinder your pets travel plans.

Source: Pawsome Pets UAE

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