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State and local governments across the US are working to punish Moscow over its war against Ukraine by pulling investments from Russian companies and introducing other measures such as banning the sale of Russian vodka.
The measures are broadly politically popular, but some Russian Americans are wary that in its eagerness to show solidarity with Ukraine, the US may be driving anger towards Russians in general rather than at President Vladimir Putin and the Kremlin.
Some of the local sanctions seem minor compared to what the US and other countries are doing to isolate Russia from the global economy, but the cumulative effect nonetheless will add to Mr Putin's economic woes.
In the southern state of Georgia, House Speaker David Ralston, a Republican, received a bipartisan standing ovation on Monday when he told representatives he would seek to have the state's retirement funds quickly divested from any Russian assets.
“I don’t know about y’all, but I don’t want one penny of Georgians’ money going to subsidise Vladimir Putin,” Mr Ralston said. “While our role in international affairs is limited, we make clear we stand with those who want to live in peace.”
New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed an executive order forbidding her state from doing business with Russia and ordered state agencies to divest money and assets from companies or institutions aiding the country.
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No 10 Downing Street in London is lit blue and yellow in solidarity with Ukraine after the Russian invasion. EPA -
A protest banner outside Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, which is also lit up in the colours of the Ukrainian flag. Reuters -
People show solidarity with the people of Ukraine outside the Colosseum in Rome. AP Photo -
The Cinquantenaire Arch lit up on the sidelines of a special meeting of the European Council to discuss the Ukrainian crisis, in Brussels. Bloomberg -
Oslo City Hall is illuminated in Norway. Reuters -
The SIS Building in central London, home to intelligence services, is lit up in an expression of solidarity with Ukraine. PA -
Erasmus Bridge in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. EPA -
The Foreign Office in central London displays the colours of the Ukrainian flag. PA -
Sarajevo City Hall floodlit in blue and yellow in Bosnia. AFP -
The Queen Elizabeth II Centre in central London. PA -
St George's Hall in Liverpool, England. PA
“We strongly condemn the action of Putin and Russia for this unprovoked attack, which is now leading to atrocities against innocent human beings,” Ms Hochul said.
But the tough anti-Russia line has unsettled some Russian Americans, who wonder if new measures are stoking anti-Russian sentiment.
In Washington, a famous vodka bar called the Russia House was vandalised at the weekend, with red bricks lobbed through the windows.
Local police told The National the incident has been categorised as “anti-political, race/ethnicity/ancestry” and is being investigating as a hate crime.
About three million Russian Americans live in the US.
Michael Levitis, who hosts a Russian-language radio show in the New York area, said the large Russian-speaking community, which consists of people from across the former Soviet Union, is concerned it may face a backlash akin to what Muslim Americans dealt with in the months after the September 11 attacks.
“I haven't seen any overt physical attacks on the members of our community,” Mr Levitis, who immigrated to the US as a young child in 1988, told The National.
“But from the politicians, there's a lot of anti-Russian sentiment … people are afraid we're going to be conflated with Russians overseas and we will suffer as collateral damage.”
Some state measures have been largely symbolic.
At the weekend, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf’s administration lit the front of the state capitol in the yellow and blue colours of Ukraine’s flag.
Cities across the US, including Washington, have made similar displays.
Sales of alcohol in some parts of the US is tightly regulated by state agencies.
Officials in Iowa, New Hampshire, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah and Virginia — all states that control the sale of alcohol — have directed Russian-sourced alcohol to be removed from store shelves, joining a pro-Ukrainian movement begun by some bars and other private businesses.
Virginia's Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) stores announced the decision to remove Russian-sourced vodka on Sunday.
“The decision is already in effect and we have pulled seven Russian-sourced vodka brands from our inventory,” Carol Mawyer, director of communications at ABC, told The National.
In Texas, Governor Gregg Abbott asked restaurants and retailers “to voluntarily remove all Russian products from their shelves".
Pennsylvania politicians on Monday said they will file legislation requiring state pension funds to pull investments connected to the Russian government and its critical supporters.
In a memo to fellow state senators, Democrat Sharif Street said Pennsylvania “must wield our economic power to ensure that Russia faces grave consequences for their flagrant violations of international law and human co-operation".
In Arkansas, politicians also have filed proposals authorising state banks to freeze the assets of Russian oligarchs and to require a boycott of Russian-made goods.
Other states are taking similar measures and some governors are even asking cities to sever goodwill sister-city partnerships with Russia.
Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds has called for an end to capital Des Moines' sister-city relationship with Stavrapol Krai, Russia, and a strengthening of its relationship with Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine.
Several states meanwhile have expressed a willingness to provide housing to Ukrainian refugees.
The Washington state House and Senate each have added amendments to their budget proposals setting aside $19 million to provide services and temporary housing to refugees who come from Ukraine.
The Associated Press contributed to this report
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People desperate to leave Ukraine try to board a train at the railway station in Lviv. All photos: Oliver Marsden for The National -
Ukrainian men returning from Poland to fight for their country help pass over donations of clothes at the border crossing from Poland into Ukraine. -
A train driver tells people on the platform that he cannot pick anyone up at the station in Lviv. -
An elderly woman sits alone waiting to cross the border from Ukraine into Poland as fighting continues. -
Days-long waits to cross borders have been reported. -
Ukrainian men aged between 18 and 60 have been stopped from leaving Ukraine amid a conscription drive to defend against Russia. -
A couple carry their child out of the ticket hall at Lviv railway station. -
A family attempts to walk the last 25 kilometres of the journey to the Polish border. -
A mother tries to keep her daughter warm on the platform of Lviv railway station. -
Elise from Kiev sits waiting for a train to take her out of Ukraine after hearing that Poland has closed its borders.
