DAMASCUS // Russian warships in the Caspian Sea fired cruise missiles as Syrian government troops launched a ground offensive on Wednesday in central Syria, in the first major combined air-and-ground assault since Moscow began its military campaign in the country last week.
The missiles, launched from a Russian flotilla in the Caspian Sea, travelled 1,400 kilometres over “unpopulated areas” to target militants, according to a Russian officer.
The latest developments — exactly a week after Russia began launching air strikes in Syria — add a new layer to the fray in the complex war that has torn this Mideast country apart since 2011.
Moscow has mainly targeted central and northwestern Syria, strategic regions that are the gateway to president Bashar Al Assad’s strongholds in Damascus, and along the Mediterranean coast. But the strikes appear to have given Mr Al Assad new confidence to try to retake some lost ground.
According to the Syrian official, the government push is concentrated in the adjacent provinces of Hama and Idlib where rebels have been advancing in the past months. The official spoke on condition of anonymity in line with regulations.
ISIL is not present in the areas where the fighting is underway.
Wednesday’s offensive in central Syria and the ensuing clashes with militants, including Al Qaeda’s Syrian branch, was the first major ground fighting since Moscow began launching air raids in Syria last week.
The Russian air strikes appear to have emboldened Syrian troops to launch the ground push after suffering a string of setbacks in northwestern Syria over the past few months.
In Moscow, Russian defence minister Sergei Shoigu said Russia is using warships in the Caspian Sea to target ISIL in Syria. Mr Shoigu told president Vladimir Putin in televised remarks that Russia on Wednesday morning carried out 26 missile strikes from four warships of its Caspian Sea flotilla. Mr Shoigu insisted the operation destroyed all the targets and did not launch any strikes upon civilian areas.
Andrei Kartapolov of the Russian General Staff told Russian news agencies that Russia had planned the missile strikes from the warships so that they would be flying “over unpopulated areas.” Mr Shoigu also said Russia has carried out 112 air strikes on ISIL positions since its operation began on September 30.
The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said a government offensive began on four fronts on Wednesday in the northwestern provinces of Idlib and neighbouring Hama. Observatory director Rami Abdurrahman described it as “the most intense fighting in months.”
In Syria, the leader of a US-backed rebel group, Tajammu Alezzah confirmed the ground offensive in a text message to the media, claiming there were Russian and Iranian soldiers in the operation.
The rebel group’s commander, Maj. Jamil Al Saleh, said the offensive, accompanied by air cover and shelling, came from three fronts, including Latamneh, north of the Hama province where his group is based, and Kfar Zeita to the north. The offensive targets the rural part of northern Hama and Idlib, the northwestern province, almost totally controlled by rebel groups, he said.
Activist Ahmad Al Ahmad, who is currently in Idlib, said government troops are “heavily” shelling central areas after rebels attacked an army post and destroyed a tank there.
The Observatory, which has a network of activist on the ground, and Mr Al Ahmad said the main launching point for government forces is the town of Morek on the motorway that links the capital, Damascus, with the northern city of Aleppo, Syria’s largest city and former commercial centre. Rebels have controlled areas on the motorway since 2012.
The Local Coordination Committees, another activist group, said rebels were able to destroy two tanks and an armoured personnel carrier in northern parts of Hama province near Idlib.
The Observatory said a total of 37 Russian air raids areas hit the area of fighting on Wednesday alone.
The Observatory said two helicopters — believed to be Russian — were seen flying at low altitude in Morek. It added that militants opened fire at the helicopters without striking them. It was not immediately clear if the pilots were Russian or Syrian. The Syrian military has Russian-made helicopters in its air force.
Though the Islamic State has no presence in the areas hit Wednesday, al-Qaida’s affiliate in Syria, the Nusra Front, is active in central and northern parts of the country — as are the Western-backed rebels.
In Turkey, prime minister Ahmet Davutoglu renewed criticism of Russia’s air strikes in Syria, insisting they were mainly targeting the moderate Syrian opposition and therefore helping strengthen ISIL. He asked that Russia also respect Turkey’s security concerns over Syria.
Mr Davatoglu called on Russia to respect Turkey’s air space, saying the country would not “make any concessions” on matters concerning its border security.
Russian warplanes violated Turkey’s borders on two separate occasions over the weekend, drawing strong protests from Turkey’s Nato allies. Turkey scrambled F-16s in response and also summoned the Russian ambassador to lodge protests.
Earlier, Turkey’s foreign ministry said Turkey had proposed a meeting between Turkish and Russian military officials to be held in Ankara on avoiding future Russian infringements of Turkey’s airspace.
Also Wednesday, Syrian state TV quoted an unnamed Syrian military official as saying that Russian warplanes attacked ISIL positions in the town of Al Bab and the nearby town of Deir Hafer in the northern province of Aleppo.
Russia’s entry into the crowded and sometimes uncoordinated air wars in Syria is making the US increasingly nervous, reflecting concern at the Pentagon and in Europe about the risk of accidents or unintended conflict.
Since September 2014, a US-led coalition has been hitting ISIL positions in Syria mostly in the northern and eastern parts of the country, as well as in Iraq.
* Associated Press
