The large family gatherings that unite relatives from across China were off for many this New Year as millions opted to stay home for last month's celebration, new research shared exclusively with The National revealed on Monday.
In 2019, more than 2.9 billion journeys were made, via car, rail and air, over the Chinese New Year celebrations, but the pandemic over the last year cut that dramatically.
As China battled a growing wave of Covid-19 infections in the weeks leading to the New Year holiday on February 11, authorities heightened restrictions to discourage movement during the country’s busiest travel season.
The number of journeys nearly halved to just over 1.4 billion, state media reported.
And a new report by travel analytics firm FordwardKeys, shared exclusively with The National, found that residents largely stayed home, and marked the holiday in new ways.
Domestic travel bookings plunged 70 per cent from 2019 levels, the last year that travel was at normal pre-pandemic levels.
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A woman wearing a protective facemask offers prayers outside the closed Jade Buddha Temple in Shanghai on February 14, 2020. - The death toll from the COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic neared 1,400 on February 14, as the United States complained of a "lack of transparency" from Beijing over its handling of a crisis that has fuelled global panic. (Photo by NOEL CELIS / AFP) -
People pray at a temple in Shanghai, China. Today marks the fifth day of Spring Festival celebrations in China. Getty Images -
People wait in line to pray at a temple in Shanghai, China. Today marks the fifth day of Spring Festival celebrations in China. Getty Images -
People read a notice on COVID-19 regulations as they gather to pray at a temple in Shanghai, China. Today marks the fifth day of Spring Festival celebrations in China. Getty Images -
SHANGHAI, CHINA - MARCH 09: Pedestrians wearing protective masks walk by closed Jing'an Temple, one of the most famous Buddhist temple of Shanghai on March 09, 2020 in Shanghai, China. The Chinese government has temporarily closed all of the country’s places of worship in an effort to contain the COVID-19 respiratory coronavirus since January 24. Twenty-one of mainland China's 31 regions have lowered emergency response levels on the flu-like epidemic by March 1, allowing greater movement of people and goods and a recovery in business activity. Since the outbreak began in December last year, more than 80,000 cases have been confirmed in China, with the death toll rising to more than 3,100. As of today, the number of cases of new coronavirus COVID-19 being treated in China dropped to approximately 19,000 in China. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared to raises coronavirus threat assessment to “very high” globally by the end of February. (Photo by Yifan Ding/Getty Images) -
People pray at a temple in Shanghai, China. Today marks the fifth day of Spring Festival celebrations in China. Getty Images -
People wait in line to enter a temple for prayers in Shanghai, China. Today marks the fifth day of Spring Festival celebrations in China. Getty Images -
An airport worker walks along Daxing Airport in Beijing ahead of Lunar New Year, which falls on February 12. AFP -
Passengers rest as they wait for their flights at the Beijing Capital International airport, on November 23, 2015, after heavy snowstorm cancelled and delayed numerous flights in Beijing. AFP PHOTO / GOH CHAI HIN (Photo by GOH CHAI HIN / AFP) -
Passengers wearing face masks to curb the spread of the coronavirus walk by a Lunar New Year decoration on display at the departure hall of the Beijing Capital International Airport in Beijing. Amid fears of new variants of the virus, new restrictions on movement have hit just as people start to look ahead to what is usually a busy time of year for travel. AP Photo -
A worker wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) stands at a Covid-19 testing center dedicated for airport workers set-up at the Hong Kong International Airport in Hong Kong, China. The Asian financial hub has been attempting to curb a fourth wave of Covid-19 infections with targeted lockdowns that have seen authorities cordon off an area and restrict movement until residents receive negative results. Bloomberg -
HONG KONG - AUGUST 13: Stranded passengers sit near check-in counters as all flights have been cancelled after protesters occupied the Hong Kong International Airport during a demonstration on August 13, 2019 in Hong Kong, China. Pro-democracy protesters have continued rallies on the streets of Hong Kong against a controversial extradition bill since 9 June as the city plunged into crisis after waves of demonstrations and several violent clashes. Hong Kong's Chief Executive Carrie Lam apologized for introducing the bill and declared it "dead", however protesters have continued to draw large crowds with demands for Lam's resignation and the complete withdrawal of the bill. (Photo by Anthony Kwan/Getty Images) -
Travelers wearing a protective mask walk across a road towards ahead of Lunar New Year in Beijing, China. China expects a sharp downturn in travel over the Lunar New Year period compared with pre-pandemic levels following new restrictions to control coronavirus outbreaks, threatening a nascent-recovery in consumer spending. Bloomberg -
Travelers stand at airport shuttle stops outside Beijing Capital International Airport ahead of Lunar New Year in Beijing, China. China expects a sharp downturn in travel over the Lunar New Year period compared with pre-pandemic levels following new restrictions to control coronavirus outbreaks, threatening a nascent-recovery in consumer spending. Bloomberg
Xing Fan, 28, has always celebrated the Chinese New Year with her parents and grandparents.
In previous years, she would help cook a feast of traditional Chinese foods, savoured by the family before they walked off the meal with a scenic stroll through her hometown of Xian in central China.
This year, Xing, a PhD student, was alone in Leeds, England, where she is a visiting scholar. Unable to return home, her celebration went digital.
But, she says, the video chats didn’t quite capture the holiday spirit.
"Maybe for this year, Chinese New Year is just a normal day of 2021," Xing told The National.
“But I did make some delicious dumplings for myself,” she added happily.
Domestic travel during the fortnight before the New Year, which is traditionally a busy period for Chinese people returning home to spend the holiday with their families, was down by 62.3 per cent this year.
In the weeks before the New Year, Chinese authorities rolled out measures to keep people home.
Lockdowns, travel curbs and mass testing were introduced in response to a January surge, which initially hit Hebei province surrounding Beijing the hardest, but later took root in the northern provinces of Heilongjiang and neighbouring Jilin.
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A man prays at Ma Zhu Miao Temple during subdued Lunar New Year celebrations in Yokohama, Japan. Getty Images -
People walk beneath lanterns hung across the street to celebrate the Chinese Lunar New Year which marks the Year of the Ox, in the Chinatown district of central London. AP Photo -
A fire dragon dance is performed during Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Reuters -
Traditional Chinese dancers perform in a Lunar New Year ceremony in Chinatown n New York City. AFP -
Dancers in costume perform a Chinese Lion Dance, a traditional dance intended to bring good luck and fortune, as people launch confetti and make good luck donations in red envelopes as part of an observation of the Chinese Lunar New Year in the Chinatown neighborhood of New York. EPA -
A boy looks while his parents are lighting incense sticks as offerings to their deceased ancestors in Jade Buddha Temple in Shanghai, China. EPA -
Written prayers are seen hanged on a statue in Jade Buddha Temple in Shanghai, China. EPA -
Traditional Chinese Opera actors perform on the first day of the Lunar New Year in Bangkok. AFP -
Two pugs pose with a packet of Fortune Cookies in Chinatown in central London. AFP -
A man poses for a picture next to a tiger-shaped lantern along Harbour City during Lunar New Year celebrations in Sydney. AFP -
A family take a selfie on a popular street for restaurants during the first day of the Spring Festival in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Getty Images -
Divers perform an underwater dragon and mermaid show during Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations at an aquarium in Jakarta, Indonesia. Reuters -
People look at the riddles written on lanterns during the first day of the Spring Festival at the Yellow Crane Tower Par in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Getty Images -
People burn incense and pray for good luck on the eve of the Lunar New Year at a temple in Nanning, in China's southern Guangxi region. AFP
Shanghai was also battling its own wave of infections as authorities raised the restriction levels in various parts of the city from low to medium risk.
Nationally, cases rose from between 30 and 60 a day in late December to 124 on January 24.
China has managed to keep Covid-19 outbreaks under control by introducing aggressive measures at the first sign of rising infections.
As a result, holiday travel to China’s most populous cities, Shanghai and Beijing, was down significantly.
Northern destinations, well-known for winter sports, were also hit.
“From a travel perspective, this Chinese New Year has been dreadful. Excluding Sanya, no major destination in China managed to get close to half the number of domestic visitors it received in 2019,” said Olivier Ponti, vice president of insights at ForwardKeys.
Sanya, a beach resort region on the southernmost point of Hainan island in the South China Sea, proved to be the most resilient domestic travel destination this year, receiving 66 per cent as many visitors as it did in 2019.
Sanya was the rare exception to the rule, as tourists flocked to the ‘Hawaii of the East’.
The tropical island is known for being a holiday and shopping destination, with luxury hotels and a sprawling assortment of duty-free shops. The government has also introduced policies to incentive visitors to the shopping hub, such as providing a service to post goods back to the mainland.
This year’s seven day holiday generated $231.9 million in revenue for Hainan island, a doubling of sales from 2019, according to the Moodie Davitt Report, a travel-retail newsletter.
News on February 1 that travellers from low-risk areas did not need a PCR test before visiting the island spurred ticket sales for Sanya. From February 4, daily sales even outpaced the same period in 2019’s, the ForwardKeys report found.
While the overall drop in travel in China was severe, it was not as bad as expected.
By the time Chinese New Year began, authorities managed to tame the surging infections and were able to ease some restrictions. This resulted in a sudden surge in last-minute bookings across China.
Tickets for domestic flights hit five-year lows, potentially enticing last-minute buys, according to travel platform Qunar, who reported the average flight sold on their website cost $100.
For those who did stay home, parcels appear to have provided a connection to distant family and friends.
Data from China Post shows that 660 million parcels were delivered around the country during the seven day holiday, up 260 per cent from the same period last year.
After more than a year of Covid-19, Mr Ponti said there is “a powerful pent-up demand to travel”.
He expects this demand will be seen this spring during China’s Labour Day holiday in May.
As of February 19, flight tickets issued for the Labour Day holiday were only 8 per cent behind where they were at the same time in 2019.
