South Africa's top court began hearing a challenge by former president Jacob Zuma against a 15-month prison term on Monday as police said six people had been killed and more than 200 arrested in related protests and looting since last week.
Sporadic violence and looting continued on Monday, after a weekend of unrest by pro-Zuma protesters, mainly concentrated in his home province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). Some disturbances spilled into the country's largest city Johannesburg.
Mr Zuma, 79, was sentenced for defying a Constitutional Court order to give evidence at an inquiry investigating alleged high-level corruption during his nine years in office until 2018.
The decision to jail him resulted from legal proceedings seen as a test of post-apartheid South Africa's ability to enforce the rule of law, including against powerful politicians.
In the online hearing, Mr Zuma's counsel asked the court to rescind his jail term, quoting a rule that judgments can be reconsidered if made in the absence of the affected person or containing a patent error.
Legal experts say Mr Zuma's chances of success are slim.
Television channels showed video on Monday of a fire at a mall in Pietermaritzburg, in KZN. The channel said the motorway leading to the city had been closed to prevent further violence.
NatJoints, the government's intelligence agency said additional forces had been sent to all the areas in Gauteng (the province including Johannesburg) and KwaZulu-Natal affected by the violent protests, as the damage to property and looting of stores continued overnight.
It said the bodies of four people were found – at least two of them with gunshot wounds – in Gauteng. Two deaths had occurred in KZN, and all six were being investigated.
Mr Zuma's imprisonment marks a significant fall for an important figure in the African National Congress, the liberation movement that became the ruling party. He was once jailed by South Africa's pre-1994 white minority rulers for his efforts to make all citizens equal before the law.
Mr Zuma's core supporters, echoing his stance, say he is the victim of a political witch-hunt orchestrated by allies of his successor, President Cyril Ramaphosa.
Mr Ramaphosa said on Sunday there was no justification for violence and that it was damaging efforts to rebuild the economy, hurt by the Covid-19 pandemic.
The corruption inquiry that Mr Zuma has refused to co-operate with, is examining allegations that he allowed three Indian-born businessmen, Atul, Ajay and Rajesh Gupta, to plunder state resources and peddle influence over government policy. He and the Gupta brothers, who fled the country after his departure, deny wrongdoing.
Mr Zuma also faces a corruption case relating to a $2 billion arms deal in 1999 when he was deputy president. He denies the charge.
