The UAE’s currency was introduced on May 20, 1973, a little over two years after the country was formed.
Prior to the dirham, the rupee and dinar were used, as was the Maria Theresa thaler – a silver bullion coin in circulation since 1741.
In this weekly series, The National breaks down the historical and cultural significance of the designs of each of the dirham denominations.
Dh1,000
Many will never have seen or held a Dh1,000 note, the history of which is equally elusive.
The highest-value banknote in the UAE, it was a part of the first issue in 1973 but was dropped from circulation in 1982 before reappearing in 1998.
It comes into its own for large cash transactions. Worth US$272, it is one of the highest-value banknotes in the world, although falls somewhat short of Brunei’s B$10,000 note, exchanged at astonishing US$7,440. Try offering that to a taxi driver.
The original Dh1,000 issue was printed in blue with a design on the English side featuring two views of Al Ain’s Al Jahili fort, one incorporating a minaret. The note would disappear for 16 years, by which time Al Jahili had moved over to the Dh50.
The returning Dh1,000 note came with a new look that incorporated complex shades of brown and green, part of anti-forgery measures.
The English-language face is a view of the Abu Dhabi skyline as seen from the waters off the Corniche.
The Arabic face shows the distinctive north-east tower of Qasr Al Hosn, also known as Burj Al Hamam, or Tower of Pigeons, because of the birds once kept there.
For those keeping count, forts or palaces have appeared on seven UAE banknotes since 1973, more than any other subject.
The inspiration for the design of the UAE’s currency
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An Arabian sand gazelle at the Mleiha Archaeological Centre in Sharjah. The gazelle is native to the region and can be found on the 25 fils coin. Chris Whiteoak / The National -
The Murban 2 oil well in Abu Dhabi, pictured in 1956. The discovery of oil transformed the emirate and eventually the UAE. Three oil derricks are featured on the 50 fils coin. Adnoc -
A dallah belonging to Sheikh Zayed in the early 20th century on display during the Majlis Zayed Exhibition in Abu Dhabi. The traditional coffee pot, a symbol of Emirati hospitality, appears on the Dh1 coin. Pawan Singh / The National -
One of the entrances to the Central Market, also known as the Blue Souq, in Sharjah. The market was built in 1979 and is adorned with Islamic designs. It can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh5. Amy Leang / The National -
Salem Al Mutawa Mosque is one of the oldest two in the UAE. About 200 years old, it can be seen on the English side of the Dh5 along with the Khor Fakkan coastline. Antonie Robertson / The National -
The khanjar is a curved ceremonial dagger worn by men in the UAE and Oman. An illustration of the knife can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh10. Victor Besa / The National -
Date palm tree at Al Dahra farm in Al Ain. A date tree and farm are the main illustrations on the Dh10 note. Pawan Singh / The National -
An Arabian dhow at sea in 1973. The vessel features prominently on the Dh20 note. Marion Kaplan -
Dubai Creek Golf & Yacht Club opened in 1993 and can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh20 note. Tourism Ireland -
An Arabian oryx at Al Maha Desert Resort in Dubai. The species was endangered but conservation efforts, led by Sheikh Zayed, helped it to flourish. It can be seen on the Dh50 note. Gerry O’Leary -
Completed in 1898 on the orders of Sheikh Zayed the First, Al Jahili Fort in Al Ain is one of the country’s largest. It appears on the English-language side of the Dh50 note. Abu Dhabi Culture and Tourism -
Al Fahidi Fort in Dubai was built in 1787. Since then, it has had many uses, even functioning as a prison for outlaws for a time. It can be found on the Arabic face of the Dh100 note. Pawan Singh / The National -
Dubai World Trade Centre (the grey, rectangular building to the middle left) was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1979. The tallest building in the UAE until 1999, it appears on the Dh100 banknote. Alamy -
Established in 1980, the UAE Central Bank was preceded by the Currency Board, which issued the country’s first independent currency: the dirham. The headquarters now features on the Dh200 note. Sammy Dallal / The National -
Worshippers leave the stadium at Zayed Sports City, Abu Dhabi, after Pope Francis led a holy Mass there in 2019. The building opened in 1979 and is featured on the Dh200 banknote. Pawan Singh / The National -
Falcons feature on each of the dirham notes, but the beloved bird takes centre stage on the Arabic side of the Dh500. Getty -
Sheikh Zayed Bridge was designed by renowned Iraqi architect Zaha Hadid. It was opened in 2010, becoming the third gateway from Abu Dhabi island to the greater emirate. During the Year of Zayed in 2019, a special Dh100 note, which is still in circulation, was printed depicting the bridge. Andrew Henderson / The National -
Jumeirah Mosque in Dubai opened in 1979. One of two mosques open to non-Muslims, it is a distinctive feature of the Dh500 note. Getty -
Qasr Al Hosn, the birthplace of Sheikh Zayed, is on the Arabic side of the Dh1,000 note. Victor Besa / The National -
Abu Dhabi’s skyline has changed dramatically since the dirham was launched. The UAE’s capital is featured on the Dh1,000 note. Chris Whiteoak / The National
