Build in 1269 at the start of Mamluk rule in Egypt, the Zaher Baybars Mosque's renovation cost more than 237 million Egyptian pounds. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Build in 1269 at the start of Mamluk rule in Egypt, the Zaher Baybars Mosque's renovation cost more than 237 million Egyptian pounds. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Build in 1269 at the start of Mamluk rule in Egypt, the Zaher Baybars Mosque's renovation cost more than 237 million Egyptian pounds. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Build in 1269 at the start of Mamluk rule in Egypt, the Zaher Baybars Mosque's renovation cost more than 237 million Egyptian pounds. Kamal Tabikha/The National

Egypt's third-largest mosque reopens after 15-year restoration co-funded by Kazakhstan


Kamal Tabikha
  • English
  • Arabic

Egypt’s third largest mosque reopened in Cairo on Sunday morning following a 15-year-long renovation.

The reopening ceremony took place in Old Cairo, an area known for its extensive Islamic relics, and was attended by the Grand Imam of Al Azhar, Ahmed El Tayeb, and the Chairman of the Kazakh Senate, Mäulen Äşimbaev, whose government co-funded the renovation.

Also in attendance was Egypt’s tourism and antiquities minister, Ahmed Issa, and a number of other prominent Egyptian and Kazakh officials. To mark the occasion, Kazakh officials dressed in the country's traditional garb for the ceremony.

Many Kazakhs who live in Egypt attended the reopening of the Al Zaher Baybars mosque in Cairo. The Kazakh side contributed $4.5 million to the renovation. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Many Kazakhs who live in Egypt attended the reopening of the Al Zaher Baybars mosque in Cairo. The Kazakh side contributed $4.5 million to the renovation. Kamal Tabikha/The National

Constructed in 1269 at the start of Mamluk rule in Egypt, the Zaher Baybars Mosque was renovated at a cost of more than 237 million Egyptian pounds ($7.68 million), according to an address made at Sunday’s ceremony by Egypt’s religious endowments minister, Mokhtar Gomaa.

Baybars was born in modern day Kazakhstan, which is holding a number of festivities to mark the passing of 800 years since his birth, Mr Äşimbaev said on Sunday.

The Kazakh side contributed $4.5 million to the renovation, which it gave to the Egyptian government in 2008, Mr Gomaa said.

The Kazakh contribution was worth 27 million Egyptian pounds in 2008, Mr Gomaa said on Sunday. Today, it would be worth over 138 million Egyptian pounds.

“The mosque’s opening takes place following around 225 years of being closed and not operating as a mosque,” said Egypt’s Mr Gomaa on Sunday.

The mosque had fallen into disrepair in the 16th century when it was turned into a storage facility by the Ottomans, who at that time were ruling Egypt. It was then used as a military fort during the French campaign in Egypt (1798-1801) when cannons were placed on its walls and its minaret was used as a defensive tower.

When the British invaded Egypt the mosque was used as a military warehouse and then a slaughterhouse.

Restoration work on the mosque included repairing its entryways, which feature the first use of ablaq masonry in Cairo.

Egypt reopens Al Zaher Baybars mosque after 15-year restoration. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Egypt reopens Al Zaher Baybars mosque after 15-year restoration. Kamal Tabikha/The National

Ablaq is an architectural technique that uses alternating rows of light and dark stones. It is heavily associated with Islamic architecture.

The interior walls of the mosque, made almost entirely of red bricks, represent the usual design for mosques of that era, according to the mosque's restoration team.

While some of the areas in the mosque were restored, others were entirely reconstructed because they were too badly damaged.

Egypt's Al Zaher Baybars mosque. Kamal Tabikha/The National
Egypt's Al Zaher Baybars mosque. Kamal Tabikha/The National

These included the new wooden gates, fashioned in the style of the Fatimids, a Shiite Islamic dynasty that ruled Egypt before the Mamluks, and the cushion voussoirs – stone wedges – and keel arches placed over the main entryway.

The outer wall was also rebuilt to resemble its former fortress-like appearance, the contractors said.

In 2008, when the renovation agreement between Egypt and Kazakhstan was signed, the mosque’s structure had badly deteriorated because it was built on a particularly low part of Cairo, which made it susceptible to rising levels of groundwater, said Arab Contractors, the state-affiliated construction company which carried out the renovation.

Zaher Baybars

Work on the mosque was stalled by the 2011 uprising that toppled former president Hosni Mubarak, Mostafa Waziri, the secretary-general of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, said during his address on Sunday.

It resumed in 2018, Mr Waziri said.

Al Zaher Baybars is a prominent figure in Egypt’s history who has been mythologised in the exciting tales of Mamluk rule in Egypt (1250-1517).

“Even though Al Zaher Baybars, a sombre figure, was a Turkic knight, he is widely considered the real founder of Mamluk Egypt,” said Grand Imam Al Tayeb during his address on Sunday.

Spanning an area of 12,600 square metres, the Zaher Baybars Mosque is Egypt’s third largest after Al Hakim Bi Amr Allah and Ahmed Ibn Tulun mosques, both of which are in Islamic Cairo.

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Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.

Final results:

Open men
Australia 94 (4) beat New Zealand 48 (0)

Plate men
England 85 (3) beat India 81 (1)

Open women
Australia 121 (4) beat South Africa 52 (0)

Under 22 men
Australia 68 (2) beat New Zealand 66 (2)

Under 22 women
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Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.

9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services

Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations. 

10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

Who are the Sacklers?

The Sackler family is a transatlantic dynasty that owns Purdue Pharma, which manufactures and markets OxyContin, one of the drugs at the centre of America's opioids crisis. The family is well known for their generous philanthropy towards the world's top cultural institutions, including Guggenheim Museum, the National Portrait Gallery, Tate in Britain, Yale University and the Serpentine Gallery, to name a few. Two branches of the family control Purdue Pharma.

Isaac Sackler and Sophie Greenberg were Jewish immigrants who arrived in New York before the First World War. They had three sons. The first, Arthur, died before OxyContin was invented. The second, Mortimer, who died aged 93 in 2010, was a former chief executive of Purdue Pharma. The third, Raymond, died aged 97 in 2017 and was also a former chief executive of Purdue Pharma. 

It was Arthur, a psychiatrist and pharmaceutical marketeer, who started the family business dynasty. He and his brothers bought a small company called Purdue Frederick; among their first products were laxatives and prescription earwax remover.

Arthur's branch of the family has not been involved in Purdue for many years and his daughter, Elizabeth, has spoken out against it, saying the company's role in America's drugs crisis is "morally abhorrent".

The lawsuits that were brought by the attorneys general of New York and Massachussetts named eight Sacklers. This includes Kathe, Mortimer, Richard, Jonathan and Ilene Sackler Lefcourt, who are all the children of either Mortimer or Raymond. Then there's Theresa Sackler, who is Mortimer senior's widow; Beverly, Raymond's widow; and David Sackler, Raymond's grandson.

Members of the Sackler family are rarely seen in public.

First-round leaderbaord

-5 C Conners (Can)

-3 B Koepka (US), K Bradley (US), V Hovland (Nor), A Wise (US), S Horsfield (Eng), C Davis (Aus);

-2 C Morikawa (US), M Laird (Sco), C Tringale (US)

Selected others: -1 P Casey (Eng), R Fowler (US), T Hatton (Eng)

Level B DeChambeau (US), J Rose (Eng) 

1 L Westwood (Eng), J Spieth (US)

3 R McIlroy (NI)

4 D Johnson (US)

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Name: Brendalle Belaza

From: Crossing Rubber, Philippines

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Favourite book: Harry Potter

Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.

Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.

Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.

“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.

Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.

From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.

Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.

BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.

Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.

Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.

“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.

“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.

“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”

Results

2pm: Serve U – Maiden (TB) Dh60,000 (Dirt) 1,400m; Winner: Violent Justice, Pat Dobbs (jockey), Doug Watson (trainer)

2.30pm: Al Shafar Investment – Conditions (TB) Dh100,000 (D) 1,400m; Winner: Desert Wisdom, Bernardo Pinheiro, Ahmed Al Shemaili

3pm: Commercial Bank of Dubai – Handicap (TB) Dh68,000 (D) 1,200m; Winner: Fawaareq, Sam Hitchcott, Doug Watson

3.30pm: Shadwell – Rated Conditions (TB) Dh100,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Down On Da Bayou, Xavier Ziani, Salem bin Ghadayer

4pm: Dubai Real Estate Centre – Maiden (TB) Dh60,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Rakeez, Patrick Cosgrave, Bhupat Seemar

4.30pm: Al Redha Insurance Brokers – Handicap (TB) Dh78,000 (D) 1,800m; Winner: Capla Crusader, Bernardo Pinheiro, Rashed Bouresly

Meydan race card

6.30pm: Maiden Dh 165,000 1,600m
7.05pm: Handicap Dh 185,000 2,000m
7.40pm: Maiden Dh 165,000 1,600m
8.15pm: Handicap Dh 190,000 1,400m
8.50pm: Handicap Dh 175,000 1,600m
9.25pm: Handicap Dh 175,000 1,200m
10pm: Handicap Dh 165,000 1,600m

The Word for Woman is Wilderness
Abi Andrews, Serpent’s Tail

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RESULTS

6.30pm Al Maktoum Challenge Round-2 – Group 1 (PA) $49,000 (Dirt) 1,900m

Winner RB Frynchh Dude, Pat Cosgrave (jockey), Helal Al Alawi (trainer)

7.05pm Al Bastakiya Trial – Conditions (TB) $50,000 (D) 1,900m

Winner El Patriota, Vagner Leal, Antonio Cintra

7.40pm Zabeel Turf – Listed (TB) $88,000 (Turf) 2,000m

Winner Ya Hayati, Mickael Barzalona, Charlie Appleby

8.15pm Cape Verdi – Group 2 (TB) $163,000 (T) 1,600m

Winner Althiqa, James Doyle, Charlie Appleby

8.50pm UAE 1000 Guineas – Listed (TB) $125,000 (D) 1,600m

Winner Soft Whisper, Frankie Dettori, Saeed bin Suroor

9.25pm Handicap (TB) $68,000 (T) 1,600m

Winner Bedouin’s Story, Frankie Dettori, Saeed bin Suroor

Soldier F

“I was in complete disgust at the fact that only one person was to be charged for Bloody Sunday.

“Somebody later said to me, 'you just watch - they'll drop the charge against him'. And sure enough, the charges against Soldier F would go on to be dropped.

“It's pretty hard to think that 50 years on, the State is still covering up for what happened on Bloody Sunday.”

Jimmy Duddy, nephew of John Johnson

Specs

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Power: 659hp
Torque: 1075Nm
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Europe’s rearming plan
  • Suspend strict budget rules to allow member countries to step up defence spending
  • Create new "instrument" providing €150 billion of loans to member countries for defence investment
  • Use the existing EU budget to direct more funds towards defence-related investment
  • Engage the bloc's European Investment Bank to drop limits on lending to defence firms
  • Create a savings and investments union to help companies access capital
Where to buy

Limited-edition art prints of The Sofa Series: Sultani can be acquired from Reem El Mutwalli at www.reemelmutwalli.com

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Ordinary Virtues: Moral Order in a Divided World by Michael Ignatieff
Harvard University Press

Aldar Properties Abu Dhabi T10

*November 15 to November 24

*Venue: Zayed Cricket Stadium, Abu Dhabi

*Tickets: Start at Dh10, from ttensports.com

*TV: Ten Sports

*Streaming: Jio Live

*2017 winners: Kerala Kings

*2018 winners: Northern Warriors

Updated: June 04, 2023, 1:40 PM