Drivers regularly have to deal with all kinds of in-car distraction: children arguing on the back seat, irritating advertisements on the radio, hectoring sat-navs, the temptation of a travel sweet. But the potential of the smartphone to divert our attention with calls, messages, news and social media updates is becoming ever greater. Cars may be getting safer, but our ability to operate them is being impeded as drivers choose to open apps, swipe screens and type messages as the vehicle is moving.
Road safety campaigners have heralded the arrival of a new piece of Apple software as an important step towards saving lives. “Do Not Disturb While Driving” is able to automatically shut down notifications while the phone is moving at a car-like speed; it can auto-respond to text messages, allow important alarms through and permit hands-free calls while keeping all other distractions at bay. Crucially, it’s baked into the iPhone’s operating system, and there have been calls for Google and Microsoft to follow suit.
It’s the latest of a series of attempts to tackle a growing problem. Across the globe, police forces and departments of transportation have used advertising campaigns to warn us of the dangers, but whether harrowing or humorous, their effect has been minimal. Governments have beefed up punishments; in the UK the penalty for using phones at the wheel was recently doubled, in the United States a growing number of states have prohibited phone use, and yet the number of people who still do it continues to grow, with surveys showing people even admitting to taking photographs at the wheel. It’s often been said that a driver moving at 55 miles per hour will have travelled the length of a football pitch in the time it takes to send a text message; with this in mind, it would seem to be in our interests to use software to remove any temptation.
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Read more:
Is the iPhone hype finally wearing off on the crowds?
Research shows human brains cannot handle texting and driving
Will bad driving behaviour ever change?
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“The benefits far outweigh the inconveniences,” says Jason Wakeford of road safety charity Brake. “It's very difficult to say how many lives it will save because there are real issues with the quality of road safety data, but we’re expecting the numbers to continue rising.”
Smartphone users have, for many years, had the option of downloading apps that stop notifications at the wheel, while other apps provide modified interfaces with big buttons for in-car usage such as for navigation or music. (Spotify, for example, appears to be testing a “driving mode” version of its app.) But, as Wakeford points out, this ends up being a case of preaching to the converted. “The people who download these apps are already conscious of road safety,” he says, “and they aren't the people we need to be reaching. The feature needs to be built in as default. We would argue that there is a moral obligation for technology firms to do this.”
If that moral obligation exists, the industry has been slow to act upon it – possibly because it recognises that people don’t really want it. There are often gaps between what’s good for us and what we want, and technology firms have a historical reluctance to be seen as nannies enforcing good behaviour; if they’re too dictatorial, people will jump ship to a competitor. Apple was the first to make the move last week, but they’ve certainly made the feature easy to override; it evidently needs to be switch off-able for people who are passengers rather than drivers, but it only takes a couple of taps for a driver to disable it completely.
Apple’s recent move has been a while coming. The company filed a patent in 2008 for “a lock-out mechanism” triggered by a “motion analyser”, explaining that the invention was necessary because: “Texting while driving has become so widespread that it is doubtful that law enforcement will have any significant effect,” also noting that people have little motivation not to use their phones, even if they understand the dangers.
This patent was cited in one of a number of court cases brought against Apple in recent months, which attempted to pin blame on the company for accidents involving mobile phone distraction. By failing to use their patent, Apple stood accused of negligence. But this argument cut little ice. One judge noted that the driver “is engaging in compulsive or addictive behaviours… it is the driver's negligence in engaging in those activities that causes any resulting injuries”. In other words, we aren’t the helpless puppets of our handheld gadgets, we’re responsible for our own actions.
And yet the issue of drivers’ mobile phone-use offers perhaps no clearer indication of the way smartphones have instilled addictive behaviours in us. “It’s not dissimilar to people who know the dangers of substance abuse such as nicotine or alcohol, but still do it irrespective of the risks,” says psychologist Dr Lee Hadlington. “The DSM [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, the DSM-5, the standard classification of mental disorders] hasn’t yet categorised excessive smartphone use as an addiction – but our brain is wired for rewards, and smartphones are reward systems. Sometimes the notifications are good, sometimes they’re bad. The associated worry that we might be missing out creates a repetitive behaviour.”
What might force a change in that behaviour? One company, Racelogic, has come up with a device that sits under the driver’s seat, sending a small electrical charge through the driver’s body and causing the phone to lock when they attempt to operate it. This, however, is unlikely to provide a viable solution. “All the technology is available,” says Hadlington, “but if you find it annoying and it’s stopping you doing things you want to do, you'll switch it off. The change has to be societal.”
But our smartphones have become a source of endless intrigue while feels almost impossible to reverse. The best chance of reducing the number of accidents caused by smartphone use may well be the development of automated cars; we will no longer be responsible for controlling them, technology will have solved the problem that it created, and we’ll be free to bury our faces in our phones as much as we like.
Notable salonnières of the Middle East through history
Al Khasan (Okaz, Saudi Arabia)
Tamadir bint Amr Al Harith, known simply as Al Khasan, was a poet from Najd famed for elegies, earning great renown for the eulogy of her brothers Mu’awiyah and Sakhr, both killed in tribal wars. Although not a salonnière, this prestigious 7th century poet fostered a culture of literary criticism and could be found standing in the souq of Okaz and reciting her poetry, publicly pronouncing her views and inviting others to join in the debate on scholarship. She later converted to Islam.
Maryana Marrash (Aleppo)
A poet and writer, Marrash helped revive the tradition of the salon and was an active part of the Nadha movement, or Arab Renaissance. Born to an established family in Aleppo in Ottoman Syria in 1848, Marrash was educated at missionary schools in Aleppo and Beirut at a time when many women did not receive an education. After touring Europe, she began to host salons where writers played chess and cards, competed in the art of poetry, and discussed literature and politics. An accomplished singer and canon player, music and dancing were a part of these evenings.
Princess Nazil Fadil (Cairo)
Princess Nazil Fadil gathered religious, literary and political elite together at her Cairo palace, although she stopped short of inviting women. The princess, a niece of Khedive Ismail, believed that Egypt’s situation could only be solved through education and she donated her own property to help fund the first modern Egyptian University in Cairo.
Mayy Ziyadah (Cairo)
Ziyadah was the first to entertain both men and women at her Cairo salon, founded in 1913. The writer, poet, public speaker and critic, her writing explored language, religious identity, language, nationalism and hierarchy. Born in Nazareth, Palestine, to a Lebanese father and Palestinian mother, her salon was open to different social classes and earned comparisons with souq of where Al Khansa herself once recited.
Results
5pm: Al Maha Stables – Maiden+(PA) Dh80,000 (Turf) 1,600m; Winner: Reem Baynounah, Fernando Jara+(jockey), Mohamed Daggash+(trainer)
5.30pm: Wathba Stallions Cup – Maiden+(PA) Dh70,000 (T) 1,600m; Winner: AF Afham, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel
6pm: Emirates Fillies Classic – Prestige+(PA) Dh100,000 (T) 1,600m; Winner: Ghallieah, Sebastien Martino, Jean-Claude Pecout
6.30pm: Emirates Colts Classic – Prestige+(PA) Dh100,000 (T) 1,600m; Winner: Yas Xmnsor, Saif Al Balushi, Khalifa Al Neyadi
7pm: The President’s Cup – Group 1+(PA) Dh2,500,000 (T) 2,200m; Winner: Somoud, Adrie de Vries, Jean de Roualle
7.30pm: The President’s Cup – Listed+(TB) Dh380,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: Haqeeqy, Dane O’Neill, John Hyde.
La Mer lowdown
La Mer beach is open from 10am until midnight, daily, and is located in Jumeirah 1, well after Kite Beach. Some restaurants, like Cupagahwa, are open from 8am for breakfast; most others start at noon. At the time of writing, we noticed that signs for Vicolo, an Italian eatery, and Kaftan, a Turkish restaurant, indicated that these two restaurants will be open soon, most likely this month. Parking is available, as well as a Dh100 all-day valet option or a Dh50 valet service if you’re just stopping by for a few hours.
Manchester City (0) v Liverpool (3)
Uefa Champions League, quarter-final, second leg
Where: Etihad Stadium
When: Tuesday, 10.45pm
Live on beIN Sports HD
COMPANY PROFILE
Company name: Almouneer
Started: 2017
Founders: Dr Noha Khater and Rania Kadry
Based: Egypt
Number of staff: 120
Investment: Bootstrapped, with support from Insead and Egyptian government, seed round of
$3.6 million led by Global Ventures
The Beekeeper
Director: David Ayer
Starring: Jason Statham, Josh Hutcherson, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Minnie Driver, Jeremy Irons
Rating: 3/5
Indoor cricket World Cup:
Insportz, Dubai, September 16-23
UAE fixtures:
Men
Saturday, September 16 – 1.45pm, v New Zealand
Sunday, September 17 – 10.30am, v Australia; 3.45pm, v South Africa
Monday, September 18 – 2pm, v England; 7.15pm, v India
Tuesday, September 19 – 12.15pm, v Singapore; 5.30pm, v Sri Lanka
Thursday, September 21 – 2pm v Malaysia
Friday, September 22 – 3.30pm, semi-final
Saturday, September 23 – 3pm, grand final
Women
Saturday, September 16 – 5.15pm, v Australia
Sunday, September 17 – 2pm, v South Africa; 7.15pm, v New Zealand
Monday, September 18 – 5.30pm, v England
Tuesday, September 19 – 10.30am, v New Zealand; 3.45pm, v South Africa
Thursday, September 21 – 12.15pm, v Australia
Friday, September 22 – 1.30pm, semi-final
Saturday, September 23 – 1pm, grand final
Company Profile
Name: HyveGeo
Started: 2023
Founders: Abdulaziz bin Redha, Dr Samsurin Welch, Eva Morales and Dr Harjit Singh
Based: Cambridge and Dubai
Number of employees: 8
Industry: Sustainability & Environment
Funding: $200,000 plus undisclosed grant
Investors: Venture capital and government
Company profile
Name: WonderTree
Started: April 2016
Co-founders: Muhammad Waqas and Muhammad Usman
Based: Karachi, Pakistan, Abu Dhabi, UAE, and Delaware, US
Sector: Special education, education technology, assistive technology, augmented reality
Number of staff: 16
Investment stage: Growth
Investors: Grants from the Lego Foundation, UAE's Anjal Z, Unicef, Pakistan's Ignite National Technology Fund
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The five pillars of Islam
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
RACE CARD AND SELECTIONS
5pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 1,200m
5,30pm: Wathba Stallions Cup Handicap (PA) Dh70,000 1,200m
6pm: The President’s Cup Listed (TB) Dh380,000 1,400m
6.30pm: The President’s Cup Group One (PA) Dh2,500,000 2,200m
7pm: Arabian Triple Crown Listed (PA) Dh230,000 1,600m
7.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 1,400m
The National selections
5pm: RB Hot Spot
5.30pm: Dahess D’Arabie
6pm: Taamol
6.30pm: Rmmas
7pm: RB Seqondtonone
7.30pm: AF Mouthirah
World Cup warm-up fixtures
Friday, May 24:
- Pakistan v Afghanistan (Bristol)
- Sri Lanka v South Africa (Cardiff)
Saturday, May 25
- England v Australia (Southampton)
- India v New Zealand (The Oval, London)
Sunday, May 26
- South Africa v West Indies (Bristol)
- Pakistan v Bangladesh (Cardiff)
Monday, May 27
- Australia v Sri Lanka (Southampton)
- England v Afghanistan (The Oval, London)
Tuesday, May 28
- West Indies v New Zealand (Bristol)
- Bangladesh v India (Cardiff)
The Mother
Director: Niki Caro
Stars: Jennifer Lopez, Joseph Fiennes, Gael Garcia Bernal, Omari Hardwick and Lucy Paez
Rating: 3/5
The specs
A4 35 TFSI
Engine: 2.0-litre, four-cylinder
Transmission: seven-speed S-tronic automatic
Power: 150bhp
Torque: 270Nm
Price: Dh150,000 (estimate)
On sale: First Q 2020
A4 S4 TDI
Engine: 3.0-litre V6 turbo diesel
Transmission: eight-speed PDK automatic
Power: 350bhp
Torque: 700Nm
Price: Dh165,000 (estimate)
On sale: First Q 2020
RESULTS
5pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 2,200m
Winner: Arjan, Fabrice Veron (jockey), Eric Lemartinel (trainer).
5.30pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 1,400m
Winner: Jap Nazaa, Royston Ffrench, Irfan Ellahi.
6pm: Al Ruwais Group 3 (PA) Dh300,000 1,200m
Winner: RB Lam Tara, Fabrice Veron, Eric Lemartinal.
6.30pm: Shadwell Gold Cup Prestige Dh125,000 1,600m
Winner: AF Sanad, Bernardo Pinheiro, Khalifa Al Neyadi.
7pm: Shadwell Farm Stallions Handicap (PA) Dh70,000 1,600m
Winner: Jawal Al Reef, Patrick Cosgrave, Abdallah Al Hammadi.
7.30pm: Maiden (TB) Dh80,000 1,600m
Winner: Dubai Canal, Harry Bentley, Satish Seemar.
SPECS
Engine: 1.5-litre turbo
Power: 181hp
Torque: 230Nm
Transmission: 6-speed automatic
Starting price: Dh79,000
On sale: Now
THE DETAILS
Kaala
Dir: Pa. Ranjith
Starring: Rajinikanth, Huma Qureshi, Easwari Rao, Nana Patekar
Rating: 1.5/5
Director: Romany Saad
Starring: Mirfat Amin, Boumi Fouad and Tariq Al Ibyari