Research published by Oxford University has found that taking hormonal contraception increased the risk of breast cancer by 25 per cent. PA
Research published by Oxford University has found that taking hormonal contraception increased the risk of breast cancer by 25 per cent. PA
Research published by Oxford University has found that taking hormonal contraception increased the risk of breast cancer by 25 per cent. PA
Research published by Oxford University has found that taking hormonal contraception increased the risk of breast cancer by 25 per cent. PA

Hormonal contraceptive pills increase risk of breast cancer, study finds


Nick Webster
  • English
  • Arabic

Women with a family history of breast cancer should not be prescribed progesterone-only contraceptive pills due to a possible increased risk of the disease, a leading cancer specialist has said.

Research published by Oxford University found that taking hormonal contraception increased the risk of breast cancer by 25 per cent.

However, the risk of developing breast cancer because of contraceptive pills remains small, the research paper said.

The number of extra breast cancer cases for every 100,000 women who took the pill for more than five years was eight for those aged 16 to 20 and 265 for those aged 35 to 39.

The researchers also said the increased risk of breast cancer should be weighed against the benefits of hormonal contraceptives, including the protection they provide against other forms of female cancer.

Scientists in the study evaluated the records of 9,498 women in the UK aged 20 to 49 diagnosed with breast cancer from 1996 to 2017, and compared their results with a control group of 18,171 closely matched women without a breast cancer diagnosis.

There should be more focus on shorter use of the progesterone-only pill while needed, than staying on it for an extended period of time
Professor Humaid Al-Shamsi,
Emirates Oncology society

Women taking a combined contraceptive pill of oestrogen and progesterone were 23 per cent more at risk from breast cancer, while those taking a progesterone-only pill (POP) carried slightly higher risk, at 26 per cent.

The study found a progesterone releasing intra-utrine coil had the highest risk of breast cancer, at 32 per cent.

“The findings suggest that current or recent use of all types of progestogen-only contraceptives is associated with a slight increase in breast cancer risk, similar to that associated with the use of combined oral contraceptives,” said Kirstin Pirie, statistical programmer at Oxford Population Health, and one of the lead authors.

“Given that a person’s underlying risk of developing breast cancer increases with advancing age, the absolute excess risk of breast cancer associated with either type of oral contraceptive will be smaller in women who use it at younger ages.

“These excess risks must, however, be viewed in the context of the well-established benefits of contraceptive use in women's reproductive years.”

Data collected by the Clinical Practice Research Datalink found 44 per cent of women with breast cancer and 39 per cent of women without the disease had a prescription for a hormonal contraceptive an average of three years before diagnosis, around half of whom were last prescribed a progestogen-only contraceptive.

More focus on prevention

Leading oncologists in the UAE said potential risks revealed in the Oxford study appeared to be small in younger women and should not deter most from taking the pill due to its benefits.

“The underlying mechanisms by which POP use may increase breast cancer risk are not well understood,” said Professor Humaid Al Shamsi, president of Emirates Oncology Society and professor of oncology at University of Sharjah.

Leading cancer specialist Dr Humaid Al Shamsi said the overall risk of breast cancer associated with progesterone-only pill use is still relatively low
Leading cancer specialist Dr Humaid Al Shamsi said the overall risk of breast cancer associated with progesterone-only pill use is still relatively low

“It is important to note that the overall risk of breast cancer associated with POP use is still relatively low, as reported in this study.

“Also, the benefits of using these contraceptives - such as preventing unintended pregnancies - may outweigh the potential risks for many women.”

Dr Al Shamsi said progestins in contraceptive pills could promote the growth of breast cancer cells by increasing levels of oestrogen and insulin growth hormones that stimulate cell proliferation.

Progestins may also induce inflammation and oxidative stress, which are associated with cancer development, he said.

“To reduce the risk of cancer, a healthy lifestyle and ideal body weight may have a larger impact than the risk of POP,” said Dr Al Shamsi.

“Women concerned about their breast cancer risk should discuss their options, to balance the risk and benefit of each contraception method with a healthcare provider.

“There should be more focus on shorter use of POP while needed, rather than staying on it for an extended period of time.

“I will not recommend the use of POP to a patient with a personal history or family history of breast cancer.”

Monday's results
  • UAE beat Bahrain by 51 runs
  • Qatar beat Maldives by 44 runs
  • Saudi Arabia beat Kuwait by seven wickets
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Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.

9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services

Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations. 

10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

The biog

Family: Parents and four sisters

Education: Bachelor’s degree in business management and marketing at American University of Sharjah

A self-confessed foodie, she enjoys trying out new cuisines, her current favourite is the poke superfood bowls

Likes reading: autobiographies and fiction

Favourite holiday destination: Italy

Posts information about challenges, events, runs in other emirates on the group's Instagram account @Anagowrunning

Has created a database of Emirati and GCC sportspeople on Instagram @abeermk, highlight: Athletes

Apart from training, also talks to women about nutrition, healthy lifestyle, diabetes, cholesterol, blood pressure

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Similar to rugby league, the attacking team has six attempts - or touches - before possession changes over.

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Updated: March 23, 2023, 6:31 AM