US Federal Reserve chairman Jerome Powell speaks after the Fed cut rates by 25 percentage points on October 29. AFP
US Federal Reserve chairman Jerome Powell speaks after the Fed cut rates by 25 percentage points on October 29. AFP
US Federal Reserve chairman Jerome Powell speaks after the Fed cut rates by 25 percentage points on October 29. AFP
US Federal Reserve chairman Jerome Powell speaks after the Fed cut rates by 25 percentage points on October 29. AFP

Jerome Powell says AI boom is different from dotcom bubble


Kyle Fitzgerald
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US Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell said on Wednesday that artificial intelligence is unlike the dotcom bubble of the 1990s, as companies leading the AI race are contributing to economic activity.

"This is different in the sense that these companies, the companies that are so highly valued, actually have earnings and stuff like that," Mr Powell told reporters after the US central bank lowered interest rates by 25 basis points.

He said the dotcom-era firms that went bust were more "ideas rather than companies", while today's AI companies have business models and profits. He also said that investment in AI equipment and infrastructure is a source of growth in economic activity.

Mr Powell did not mention any company by name.

One analysis from JPMorgan released last month showed AI-related capital expenditures contributed to 1.1 per cent of economic growth in the first half this year, passing consumer spending as the driver of expansion. Hyperscalers are also projected to allocate $342 billion to capital expenditures this year, the report said.

Earlier on Wednesday, chip maker Nvidia became the first company in the world to reach a market value of $5 trillion on lofty AI hopes.

Meanwhile, Qualcomm joined the AI data centre race this week when it announced the AI200 and AI250 chips, while also unveiling Saudi tech startup Humain as its first major buyer.

Microsoft topped $4 trillion in market value after it reached a deal with OpenAI on Tuesday that would allow the ChatGPT maker to restructure as a public benefit corporation, or PBC.

Microsoft will hold a stake of $135 billion – or 27 per cent – in the OpenAI Group PBC that would be controlled by the OpenAI Foundation. Microsoft has invested more than $13 billion in OpenAI.

Anthropic, which is a private company, announced a cloud deal with Google last week worth tens of billions of dollars.

Mr Powell said the Fed is also closely monitoring how AI could affect the jobs market.

Amazon recently announced that it is laying off 14,000 workers after cuts among other Big Tech companies. Microsoft has made more than 15,000 cuts this year, while Meta and Google have also made layoffs.

"You see a significant number of companies either announcing that they are not going to be doing much hiring or actually doing layoffs, and much of the time they're talking about AI and what it can do," he said.

"So we're watching that very carefully."

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Multitasking pays off for money goals

Tackling money goals one at a time cost financial literacy expert Barbara O'Neill at least $1 million.

That's how much Ms O'Neill, a distinguished professor at Rutgers University in the US, figures she lost by starting saving for retirement only after she had created an emergency fund, bought a car with cash and purchased a home.

"I tell students that eventually, 30 years later, I hit the million-dollar mark, but I could've had $2 million," Ms O'Neill says.

Too often, financial experts say, people want to attack their money goals one at a time: "As soon as I pay off my credit card debt, then I'll start saving for a home," or, "As soon as I pay off my student loan debt, then I'll start saving for retirement"."

People do not realise how costly the words "as soon as" can be. Paying off debt is a worthy goal, but it should not come at the expense of other goals, particularly saving for retirement. The sooner money is contributed, the longer it can benefit from compounded returns. Compounded returns are when your investment gains earn their own gains, which can dramatically increase your balances over time.

"By putting off saving for the future, you are really inhibiting yourself from benefiting from that wonderful magic," says Kimberly Zimmerman Rand , an accredited financial counsellor and principal at Dragonfly Financial Solutions in Boston. "If you can start saving today ... you are going to have a lot more five years from now than if you decide to pay off debt for three years and start saving in year four."

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Robo-advisers use an online sign-up process to gauge an investor’s risk tolerance by feeding information such as their age, income, saving goals and investment history into an algorithm, which then assigns them an investment portfolio, ranging from more conservative to higher risk ones.

These portfolios are made up of exchange traded funds (ETFs) with exposure to indices such as US and global equities, fixed-income products like bonds, though exposure to real estate, commodity ETFs or gold is also possible.

Investing in ETFs allows robo-advisers to offer fees far lower than traditional investments, such as actively managed mutual funds bought through a bank or broker. Investors can buy ETFs directly via a brokerage, but with robo-advisers they benefit from investment portfolios matched to their risk tolerance as well as being user friendly.

Many robo-advisers charge what are called wrap fees, meaning there are no additional fees such as subscription or withdrawal fees, success fees or fees for rebalancing.

Updated: November 05, 2025, 2:48 PM