How quickly did July's economic relief turn to dust


Tim Fox
  • English
  • Arabic

Back in July the sense was almost tangible that the world economy was slowly recovering from the impact of the March 11 Japanese earthquake on global supply chains, and from the effect of rising commodity prices, with oil prices starting to come off their second-quarter peak.

Most encouragingly it appeared that the US economy was finally beginning to turn a corner and pick up some momentum, with monthly jobs growth averaging 131,000 in the first six months of the year.

Markets were hopeful that a euro-zone default had finally been averted, with a second bailout for Greece having just been arranged.

Since returning from vacations, however, it has quickly become apparent that all was not as it seemed.

Global activity indicators over the summer drifted lower, not just in the developed world but in China and in other emerging market economies too, and US employment growth ground to a halt.

The financial markets skirted with a budget default in Washington, and having only just survived this the US was still unable to avoid a downgrading of its "AAA" sovereign credit rating. Most critically of course, the carefully crafted second bailout arranged for Greece in July began to unravel, almost before Europe's politicians arrived at their summer holiday homes.

Instead of looking at an improving economic landscape, the picture has been transformed to one in which we will now be lucky if the world avoids another recession.

The global economy is clearly skating on very thin ice, with the IMF, the Federal Reserve and the G20 group of developed and emerging economies all saying as much over the course of the last week. So where did it all go wrong, and where do we go from here?

The starting point is that by the middle of this year the world economy was still only partially on the road to recovery, three years on from the financial crisis of 2008.

Expectations and hopes were improving but the hard evidence of it was still very tentative, which is not really surprising given the still considerable levels of indebtedness prevailing, particularly in the developed world.

The US economy was advancing slowly, but what it could least afford was the eruption of a political stand-off in Washington over the extension of the debt ceiling.

Even though a deal was eventually secured, both consumer and business confidence were damaged by the political grandstanding.

With a presidential election next year, this gridlock on Capitol Hill is likely to continue, and unless progress is made soon the US will confront another year of economic headwinds stemming from an inappropriate fiscal policy.

China was not without its own policy issues either, despite the appearance of an enviable growth rate of above 9 per cent.

Inflation needed managing lower in a way that would not threaten a bursting of its property bubble, especially given the presence of worrisome debt problems of its own, although these are largely kept hidden from public view.

Both of these situations should be manageable, however, without a fallback into recession, but the political dimension complicates the matter in a way that makes the ultimate outcome much less certain and secure. Of course complicating the situation even further still is the problem posed by the euro zone's sovereign debt problems - the most critical issue the world faces. For the ramifications of the euro-zone debt crisis will stretch way beyond Europe's shores and have the potential to drag the rest of the world, already vulnerable, down with it.

Once again the economic risks stemming from the issue of Greece's insolvency have been amplified considerably by political mishandling of the situation.

Of course a Greek default now appears likely, but the management of that eventual outcome is what will make the difference between whether the world economy continues to grow, albeit slowly, or whether it faces another slump.

The lesson of the past few months, however, would appear to be that the world would be better served if the political dimension was more supportive of, and less disruptive to, the measures that need to be taken to nurture and sustain economic recovery and growth. That way, we may stand a chance of avoiding the fallback into a recession that should really have been avoidable.

Tim Fox is the head of research and chief economist at Emirates NBD

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Timeline

2012-2015

The company offers payments/bribes to win key contracts in the Middle East

May 2017

The UK SFO officially opens investigation into Petrofac’s use of agents, corruption, and potential bribery to secure contracts

September 2021

Petrofac pleads guilty to seven counts of failing to prevent bribery under the UK Bribery Act

October 2021

Court fines Petrofac £77 million for bribery. Former executive receives a two-year suspended sentence 

December 2024

Petrofac enters into comprehensive restructuring to strengthen the financial position of the group

May 2025

The High Court of England and Wales approves the company’s restructuring plan

July 2025

The Court of Appeal issues a judgment challenging parts of the restructuring plan

August 2025

Petrofac issues a business update to execute the restructuring and confirms it will appeal the Court of Appeal decision

October 2025

Petrofac loses a major TenneT offshore wind contract worth €13 billion. Holding company files for administration in the UK. Petrofac delisted from the London Stock Exchange

November 2025

180 Petrofac employees laid off in the UAE

NBA Finals results

Game 1: Warriors 124, Cavaliers 114
Game 2: Warriors 122, Cavaliers 103
Game 3: Cavaliers 102, Warriors 110
Game 4: In Cleveland, Sunday (Monday morning UAE)