Google has been honouring the Paralympics Games in Paris by releasing special Doodles. In a similar style to the Olympics series, the artworks have looked towards landmarks in the French capital, athletes or sports for inspiration.
The Games finish on Sunday, September 8. Here is a list of all the Google Doodles.
August 28: Paris Paralympics begins
Similar to the first Doodle that appeared on July 26 to mark the start of the Olympics in the French capital, this one features animated birds soaring high in the sky around the famed golden-topped obelisk at the centre of Place de la Concorde.
August 29: French cultural figures and Paralympic sports
Google launched another update to its Most Searched Playground, a game in which users try to spot as many features of Paris and the Paralympics in a park. To play, users navigate through the playground looking for hidden items listed in the game's titles. The items range from popular sports featured in the Paralympics to French landmarks and even refer to Greek mythology and the origins of the Olympics.
August 30: Wheelchair basketball
The animated Doodle celebrates wheelchair basketball by showing a Paralympic basketball-playing bird taking a shot into a green basket as others cheer. Wheelchair basketball was one of the eight sports staged at the inaugural Paralympic Games in Rome 1960.
August 31: Wheelchair racing
Wheelchair racing, one of the most popular Paralympic events, is highlighted in the animated Doodle with Paralympian birds in wheelchairs racing each other down a Parisian street as spectators watch. Wheelchair racing and athletics have been a part of the Paralympics since 1960.
September 1: Para Archery
Para Archery is featured in an animated Doodle, in which a Paralympian bird is seen firing forks on a Parisian road at a street sign, on which another bird is sleeping – though is promptly woken up by the fork's impact on the sign.
The sport, which has been a part of every Paralympics since 1960, separates competitors into three categories: wheelchair and cerebral palsy athletes who are impaired in all four limbs; wheelchair users with full arm function and standing athletes in amputee and cerebral palsy categories.
September 3: Wheelchair tennis
Two birds in wheelchairs are shown hitting an acorn back and forth in the animated Doodle to signify the start of wheelchair tennis at Roland-Garros, which also hosts the French Open.
The sport was invented in 1976 and was part of the 1992 Barcelona Paralympics. Wheelchair tennis event categories include men's singles, women's singles, quad singles, men's doubles, women's doubles and quad doubles.
September 5: Para Powerlifting
Para Powerlifting is celebrated with an animated Doodle that shows a Paralympian bird lifting a stick of bread, while a little bird friend sits on top of it and also happens to be eating bread.
Weightlifting became a Paralympic sport at the 1964 Tokyo Games, but powerlifting was not included until the 1984 Games. Powerlifting differs from weightlifting in that it involves athletes receiving the bar at arms-length, lowering it to their chest until it is motionless, before pressing it back upwards evenly.
September 7: Para Equestrian
Google has put up a new Doodle to celebrate Para Equestrian at the Chateau de Versailles. The illustration shows an animated Paralympic bird pulling the reins of a horse.
Equestrian made its debut at 1996 Paralympic Games in Atlanta. It is open to athletes with any type of physical or vision impairment. Events are mixed and grouped according to their functional profiles. Athletes can compete in dressage events, a championship test of set movements and a freestyle test to music. There is also a team test that involves three to four members.
September 8
Celebrating the conclusion of the Games, Google's final Doodle shows three Paralympian birds in podium positions across traditional Parisian-style street lights. After 11 days of sporting action, the closing ceremony takes place at the Stade de France on Sunday.
Following the athlete parade, Paris will pass the baton to Los Angeles, which will host the next Paralympic Summer Games in 2028.
TO A LAND UNKNOWN
Director: Mahdi Fleifel
Starring: Mahmoud Bakri, Aram Sabbah, Mohammad Alsurafa
Rating: 4.5/5
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The President's Cake
Director: Hasan Hadi
Starring: Baneen Ahmad Nayyef, Waheed Thabet Khreibat, Sajad Mohamad Qasem
Rating: 4/5
Paatal Lok season two
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Stars: Jaideep Ahlawat, Ishwak Singh, Lc Sekhose, Merenla Imsong
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The specs: 2018 Nissan 370Z Nismo
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Price, base / as tested: Dh182,178
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MATCH INFO
Syria v Australia
2018 World Cup qualifying: Asia fourth round play-off first leg
Venue: Hang Jebat Stadium, Malayisa
Kick-off: Thursday, 4.30pm (UAE)
Watch: beIN Sports HD
* Second leg in Australia on October 10
Getting there
Flydubai flies direct from Dubai to Tbilisi from Dh1,025 return including taxes
PROFILE OF HALAN
Started: November 2017
Founders: Mounir Nakhla, Ahmed Mohsen and Mohamed Aboulnaga
Based: Cairo, Egypt
Sector: transport and logistics
Size: 150 employees
Investment: approximately $8 million
Investors include: Singapore’s Battery Road Digital Holdings, Egypt’s Algebra Ventures, Uber co-founder and former CTO Oscar Salazar
TERMINAL HIGH ALTITUDE AREA DEFENCE (THAAD)
What is THAAD?
It is considered to be the US's most superior missile defence system.
Production:
It was created in 2008.
Speed:
THAAD missiles can travel at over Mach 8, so fast that it is hypersonic.
Abilities:
THAAD is designed to take out ballistic missiles as they are on their downward trajectory towards their target, otherwise known as the "terminal phase".
Purpose:
To protect high-value strategic sites, such as airfields or population centres.
Range:
THAAD can target projectiles inside and outside the Earth's atmosphere, at an altitude of 150 kilometres above the Earth's surface.
Creators:
Lockheed Martin was originally granted the contract to develop the system in 1992. Defence company Raytheon sub-contracts to develop other major parts of the system, such as ground-based radar.
UAE and THAAD:
In 2011, the UAE became the first country outside of the US to buy two THAAD missile defence systems. It then stationed them in 2016, becoming the first Gulf country to do so.
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
What is graphene?
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged like honeycomb.
It was discovered in 2004, when Russian-born Manchester scientists Andrei Geim and Kostya Novoselov were "playing about" with sticky tape and graphite - the material used as "lead" in pencils.
Placing the tape on the graphite and peeling it, they managed to rip off thin flakes of carbon. In the beginning they got flakes consisting of many layers of graphene. But as they repeated the process many times, the flakes got thinner.
By separating the graphite fragments repeatedly, they managed to create flakes that were just one atom thick. Their experiment had led to graphene being isolated for the very first time.
At the time, many believed it was impossible for such thin crystalline materials to be stable. But examined under a microscope, the material remained stable, and when tested was found to have incredible properties.
It is many times times stronger than steel, yet incredibly lightweight and flexible. It is electrically and thermally conductive but also transparent. The world's first 2D material, it is one million times thinner than the diameter of a single human hair.
But the 'sticky tape' method would not work on an industrial scale. Since then, scientists have been working on manufacturing graphene, to make use of its incredible properties.
In 2010, Geim and Novoselov were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. Their discovery meant physicists could study a new class of two-dimensional materials with unique properties.
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Engine: 2.0-litre 4cyl turbo
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On sale: Now
Price: From Dh149,900
Springsteen: Deliver Me from Nowhere
Director: Scott Cooper
Starring: Jeremy Allen White, Odessa Young, Jeremy Strong
Rating: 4/5
88 Video's most popular rentals
Avengers 3: Infinity War: an American superhero film released in 2018 and based on the Marvel Comics story.
Sholay: a 1975 Indian action-adventure film. It follows the adventures of two criminals hired by police to catch a vagabond. The film was panned on release but is now considered a classic.
Lucifer: is a 2019 Malayalam-language action film. It dives into the gritty world of Kerala’s politics and has become one of the highest-grossing Malayalam films of all time.
MATCH INFO
Serie A
Juventus v Fiorentina, Saturday, 8pm (UAE)
Match is on BeIN Sports
Our legal consultants
Name: Hassan Mohsen Elhais
Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.
Mohammed bin Zayed Majlis
It Was Just an Accident
Director: Jafar Panahi
Stars: Vahid Mobasseri, Mariam Afshari, Ebrahim Azizi, Hadis Pakbaten, Majid Panahi, Mohamad Ali Elyasmehr
Rating: 4/5
Safety 'top priority' for rival hyperloop company
The chief operating officer of Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, Andres de Leon, said his company's hyperloop technology is “ready” and safe.
He said the company prioritised safety throughout its development and, last year, Munich Re, one of the world's largest reinsurance companies, announced it was ready to insure their technology.
“Our levitation, propulsion, and vacuum technology have all been developed [...] over several decades and have been deployed and tested at full scale,” he said in a statement to The National.
“Only once the system has been certified and approved will it move people,” he said.
HyperloopTT has begun designing and engineering processes for its Abu Dhabi projects and hopes to break ground soon.
With no delivery date yet announced, Mr de Leon said timelines had to be considered carefully, as government approval, permits, and regulations could create necessary delays.