Led Zeppelin’s Robert Plant, left, and Jimmy Page tore up the rock rule book with their debut LP Getty
Led Zeppelin’s Robert Plant, left, and Jimmy Page tore up the rock rule book with their debut LP Getty
Led Zeppelin’s Robert Plant, left, and Jimmy Page tore up the rock rule book with their debut LP Getty
Led Zeppelin’s Robert Plant, left, and Jimmy Page tore up the rock rule book with their debut LP Getty

Recalling the good times on heavy metal’s birthday


  • English
  • Arabic

In the history of recorded music, no genre has earned more controversy, sparked greater outrage or scared more parents than heavy metal. From decapitated bats and onstage self-mutilation, to offstage accusations of coded Satanic messages and devil-worshipping, for five decades metal has hounded the upholders of morality across the globe, while attracting covert fascination from mainstream music fans. Because for all the gore, blood and muddle, metal’s most popular practitioners – such as Metallica and Iron Maiden – rank among the bestselling bands ever.

Fans will continue to debate where hard rock ends and heavy metal begins – and wars will rage for evermore between the music's multitude of scary-sounding subgenres, such as extreme, doom, death and black metal – yet few observers can deny that the genre sprouted its first furtive roots in the latter stages of 1968. Which means it's high time to throw popular music's most persistent party crasher an almighty birthday bash.

Scholarly observers have long placed thanks and blame at the feet of a trinity of bands credited with kick-starting all that was heavy and metallic to come: Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple, three British monoliths who were each at a pivotal crossroads in late 1968. First off the blocks were Deep Purple, whose debut single Hush peaked at No 4 in the US charts in late September, ensuring the band's place in the pantheon.

After a period of sonic experimentation, Purple's subsequent output would do much to define the "pure metal" sound, with influential LPs including In Rock (1970) and Machine Head (1972), the latter spawning perhaps metal's most enduring crossover anthem Smoke on the Waterwritten about a fire at a Frank Zappa concert in Montreux, Switzerland.

Also in September 1968, a newly formed Led Zeppelin played their first show, then-billed as The New Yardbirds – a short-lived reincarnation of the seminal blues-rock act that helped launch the career of Eric Clapton (who quit in 1965 and would soon form proto-metal power trio Cream). Slowhand's second six-string successor was Jimmy Page who, following The Yardbirds' implosion, drafted in singer Robert Plant, bassist John Paul Jones and drummer John Bonham to play a few final contract-filling gigs in Scandinavia.

Within a month, this soon-to-be-seminal quartet were rebranded and in the studio recording a self-titled debut LP that would tear up the rock rule book and expound many of heavy metal's musical principles – chords were largely dispensed with in favour of tectonic riffs, played in unison on guitar and bass, while Plant preferred a scream to a croon. The unsettling, chromatic descending riff of early anthem Dazed and Confused would prove a key influence on metal's shackle-less harmonic approach. And while Zeppelin would go on to be remembered as the archetypal hard-rock band, Page's freaky flirtations with occultism – which included an unhealthy fixation with the works of Aleister Crowley and widespread reports of devil worship – ensured the band would be spiritually intertwined with metal.

Such supernatural silliness found an early rival in quintessential heavy-­metal act Black Sabbath, who did more to define the genre's gloomy image and outsiders' ethos than anyone before or since. Sabbath also laid down their roots in late 1968 when, following the collapse of an earlier band, guitarist Tony Iommi and drummer Bill Ward enlisted the talents of bassist Geezer Butler and a certain Ozzy Osbourne on vocals.

Recorded a year later, Sabbath's self-titled debut might be considered metal-proper's first LP-length entry, setting many of the genre's thematic tenants and cliches to come, such as Iommi's trudging power chords, later played on a heavily detuned guitar. The slow, raging, opening title track chillingly employs the tritone interval – otherwise known as the flattened fifth and outlawed in medieval times as "the Devil in music" – more subtly introduced into rock music three years earlier with Jimi Hendrix's Purple Haze. This ear-unfriendly clash, which essentially places the two least-related notes on the keyboard next to each other to create a jarring disharmony, was to become an overused and much-parodied shorthand to instantly characterise heavy metal's unnerving undercurrent.

Sabbath's iconic quartet of early albums – rounded out by Paranoid (1970), Master of Reality (1971) and Vol 4 (1972) – also established metal's preoccupation with internal and external desolation alike, with Butler's doomy lyrics detailing nihilistic cynicism, apocalyptic imagery and geopolitical themes – notably on anti-conflict anthem War Pigs.

Taken together, the pioneering heaviness of this trinity embodied much of what metal was to become, laying a path from notable successors Judas Priest and Motorhead all the way to the feted but short-lived "new wave of British heavy metal" (or NWOBHM), which birthed bestsellers Iron Maiden, Def Leppard and Saxon in the late 1970s.

Next came America's answer: thrash metal, spearheaded by the "Big Four" of Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer and Anthrax – itself an answer to the MTV-driven glam/hair metal of Motley Crue, Poison et al. Recent decades have seen countless regional interpretations and stylistic permutations – notably chilly Scandinavia's introspective black metal and the punk-influenced metalcore – until we arrive at the myriad different subgenres that constitute metal today.

The end? Not quite. While it's difficult to overstate the role played by Zeppelin, Sabbath and Purple – and the millions of eardrums they perverted – this pervading origins myth is perhaps too clean for such a murky genre. Every good tale needs strong lead characters, but let's not forget the supporting roles: such as Jeff Beck, the guitar virtuoso who proceeded Page – and succeeded Clapton – in The Yardbirds. Going solo in August 1968, Beck's debut Truth set many of the hallmarks of metal – including big, fuzzy, guitar riffs played in unison, and wailed vocals, courtesy of a young Rod Stewart – months before the competition, but the relative obscurity, and fast evolution, of its author saw the LP only retrospectively anointed.

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Read more:

Iraqi heavy metal band Dark Phantom takes its ‘fight for freedom’ to Syria

Lebanon’s first all-female metal band growls message of empowerment

UAE death metal group Nervecell take their dark fury to the world

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As important as the trinity were in defining the iconography – and popularity – of metal, it's important to remember that experimenting with uncomfortably distorted sound was relatively commonplace by the late-1960s, with guitarists increasingly eager to replicate the experiments in feedback of Hendrix and, to a lesser extent, The Who's Pete Townshend. Indeed, by September 1968, even The Beatles were turning up chronically overdriven amplifiers to record Helter Skelter, released as part of The White Album two months later – and somewhat disturbingly taken up as a manifesto by serial killer Charles Manson.

Then there's the small matter of etymology. The term "heavy metal" might (and I stress, might) have been coined by counterculture writer William Burroughs, who introduced "Uranian Willy, the Heavy Metal Kid" in 1961 novel The Soft Machine. But it was America's Steppenwolf – first among a list of overlooked stateside bands who might also claim a pioneering role in our metal gestation myth, alongside Iron Butterfly and Blue Cheer – who first used the term in song, famously prophesising of "heavy metal thunder" in headbangers' and bikers' anthem Born to Be Wild. Wherever they heard the term first, even that band of hairy, leather-clad outcasts could have had no conception of the beast that they were conjuring.

US tops drug cost charts

The study of 13 essential drugs showed costs in the United States were about 300 per cent higher than the global average, followed by Germany at 126 per cent and 122 per cent in the UAE.

Thailand, Kenya and Malaysia were rated as nations with the lowest costs, about 90 per cent cheaper.

In the case of insulin, diabetic patients in the US paid five and a half times the global average, while in the UAE the costs are about 50 per cent higher than the median price of branded and generic drugs.

Some of the costliest drugs worldwide include Lipitor for high cholesterol. 

The study’s price index placed the US at an exorbitant 2,170 per cent higher for Lipitor than the average global price and the UAE at the eighth spot globally with costs 252 per cent higher.

High blood pressure medication Zestril was also more than 2,680 per cent higher in the US and the UAE price was 187 per cent higher than the global price.

Plan to boost public schools

A major shake-up of government-run schools was rolled out across the country in 2017. Known as the Emirati School Model, it placed more emphasis on maths and science while also adding practical skills to the curriculum.

It was accompanied by the promise of a Dh5 billion investment, over six years, to pay for state-of-the-art infrastructure improvements.

Aspects of the school model will be extended to international private schools, the education minister has previously suggested.

Recent developments have also included the introduction of moral education - which public and private schools both must teach - along with reform of the exams system and tougher teacher licensing requirements.

SPEC%20SHEET%3A%20APPLE%20M3%20MACBOOK%20AIR%20(13%22)
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Specs

Engine: 51.5kW electric motor

Range: 400km

Power: 134bhp

Torque: 175Nm

Price: From Dh98,800

Available: Now

EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS

Estijaba – 8001717 –  number to call to request coronavirus testing

Ministry of Health and Prevention – 80011111

Dubai Health Authority – 800342 – The number to book a free video or voice consultation with a doctor or connect to a local health centre

Emirates airline – 600555555

Etihad Airways – 600555666

Ambulance – 998

Knowledge and Human Development Authority – 8005432 ext. 4 for Covid-19 queries

What are NFTs?

Are non-fungible tokens a currency, asset, or a licensing instrument? Arnab Das, global market strategist EMEA at Invesco, says they are mix of all of three.

You can buy, hold and use NFTs just like US dollars and Bitcoins. “They can appreciate in value and even produce cash flows.”

However, while money is fungible, NFTs are not. “One Bitcoin, dollar, euro or dirham is largely indistinguishable from the next. Nothing ties a dollar bill to a particular owner, for example. Nor does it tie you to to any goods, services or assets you bought with that currency. In contrast, NFTs confer specific ownership,” Mr Das says.

This makes NFTs closer to a piece of intellectual property such as a work of art or licence, as you can claim royalties or profit by exchanging it at a higher value later, Mr Das says. “They could provide a sustainable income stream.”

This income will depend on future demand and use, which makes NFTs difficult to value. “However, there is a credible use case for many forms of intellectual property, notably art, songs, videos,” Mr Das says.

As You Were

Liam Gallagher

(Warner Bros)

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'Skin'

Dir: Guy Nattiv

Starring: Jamie Bell, Danielle McDonald, Bill Camp, Vera Farmiga

Rating: 3.5/5 stars

Pots for the Asian Qualifiers

Pot 1: Iran, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, China
Pot 2: Iraq, Uzbekistan, Syria, Oman, Lebanon, Kyrgyz Republic, Vietnam, Jordan
Pot 3: Palestine, India, Bahrain, Thailand, Tajikistan, North Korea, Chinese Taipei, Philippines
Pot 4: Turkmenistan, Myanmar, Hong Kong, Yemen, Afghanistan, Maldives, Kuwait, Malaysia
Pot 5: Indonesia, Singapore, Nepal, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Mongolia, Guam, Macau/Sri Lanka

Correspondents

By Tim Murphy

(Grove Press)

Results:

5pm: Abu Dhabi Fillies Classic (PA) Prestige Dh 110,000 1.400m | Winner: AF Mouthirah, Tadhg O’Shea (jockey), Ernst Oertel (trainer)

5.30pm: Abu Dhabi Colts Classic (PA) Prestige Dh 110,000 1,400m | Winner: AF Saab, Antonio Fresu, Ernst Oertel

6pm: Maiden (PA) Dh 80,000 1,600m | Winner: Majd Al Gharbia, Saif Al Balushi, Ridha ben Attia

6.30pm: Abu Dhabi Championship (PA) Listed Dh 180,000 1,600m | Winner: RB Money To Burn, Pat Cosgrave, Eric Lemartinel

7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup (PA) Handicap Dh 70,000 2,200m | Winner: AF Kafu, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel

7.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh 100,000 2,400m | Winner: Brass Ring, Fabrice Veron, Ismail Mohammed

How Voiss turns words to speech

The device has a screen reader or software that monitors what happens on the screen

The screen reader sends the text to the speech synthesiser

This converts to audio whatever it receives from screen reader, so the person can hear what is happening on the screen

A VOISS computer costs between $200 and $250 depending on memory card capacity that ranges from 32GB to 128GB

The speech synthesisers VOISS develops are free

Subsequent computer versions will include improvements such as wireless keyboards

Arabic voice in affordable talking computer to be added next year to English, Portuguese, and Spanish synthesiser

Partnerships planned during Expo 2020 Dubai to add more languages

At least 2.2 billion people globally have a vision impairment or blindness

More than 90 per cent live in developing countries

The Long-term aim of VOISS to reach the technology to people in poor countries with workshops that teach them to build their own device

The biog

First Job: Abu Dhabi Department of Petroleum in 1974  
Current role: Chairperson of Al Maskari Holding since 2008
Career high: Regularly cited on Forbes list of 100 most powerful Arab Businesswomen
Achievement: Helped establish Al Maskari Medical Centre in 1969 in Abu Dhabi’s Western Region
Future plan: Will now concentrate on her charitable work

Coffee: black death or elixir of life?

It is among the greatest health debates of our time; splashed across newspapers with contradicting headlines - is coffee good for you or not?

Depending on what you read, it is either a cancer-causing, sleep-depriving, stomach ulcer-inducing black death or the secret to long life, cutting the chance of stroke, diabetes and cancer.

The latest research - a study of 8,412 people across the UK who each underwent an MRI heart scan - is intended to put to bed (caffeine allowing) conflicting reports of the pros and cons of consumption.

The study, funded by the British Heart Foundation, contradicted previous findings that it stiffens arteries, putting pressure on the heart and increasing the likelihood of a heart attack or stroke, leading to warnings to cut down.

Numerous studies have recognised the benefits of coffee in cutting oral and esophageal cancer, the risk of a stroke and cirrhosis of the liver. 

The benefits are often linked to biologically active compounds including caffeine, flavonoids, lignans, and other polyphenols, which benefit the body. These and othetr coffee compounds regulate genes involved in DNA repair, have anti-inflammatory properties and are associated with lower risk of insulin resistance, which is linked to type-2 diabetes.

But as doctors warn, too much of anything is inadvisable. The British Heart Foundation found the heaviest coffee drinkers in the study were most likely to be men who smoked and drank alcohol regularly.

Excessive amounts of coffee also unsettle the stomach causing or contributing to stomach ulcers. It also stains the teeth over time, hampers absorption of minerals and vitamins like zinc and iron.

It also raises blood pressure, which is largely problematic for people with existing conditions.

So the heaviest drinkers of the black stuff - some in the study had up to 25 cups per day - may want to rein it in.

Rory Reynolds

Arrogate's winning run

1. Maiden Special Weight, Santa Anita Park, June 5, 2016

2. Allowance Optional Claiming, Santa Anita Park, June 24, 2016

3. Allowance Optional Claiming, Del Mar, August 4, 2016

4. Travers Stakes, Saratoga, August 27, 2016

5. Breeders' Cup Classic, Santa Anita Park, November 5, 2016

6. Pegasus World Cup, Gulfstream Park, January 28, 2017

7. Dubai World Cup, Meydan Racecourse, March 25, 2017

Real estate tokenisation project

Dubai launched the pilot phase of its real estate tokenisation project last month.

The initiative focuses on converting real estate assets into digital tokens recorded on blockchain technology and helps in streamlining the process of buying, selling and investing, the Dubai Land Department said.

Dubai’s real estate tokenisation market is projected to reach Dh60 billion ($16.33 billion) by 2033, representing 7 per cent of the emirate’s total property transactions, according to the DLD.

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Dust and sand storms compared

Sand storm

  • Particle size: Larger, heavier sand grains
  • Visibility: Often dramatic with thick "walls" of sand
  • Duration: Short-lived, typically localised
  • Travel distance: Limited 
  • Source: Open desert areas with strong winds

Dust storm

  • Particle size: Much finer, lightweight particles
  • Visibility: Hazy skies but less intense
  • Duration: Can linger for days
  • Travel distance: Long-range, up to thousands of kilometres
  • Source: Can be carried from distant regions
WHAT IS A BLACK HOLE?

1. Black holes are objects whose gravity is so strong not even light can escape their pull

2. They can be created when massive stars collapse under their own weight

3. Large black holes can also be formed when smaller ones collide and merge

4. The biggest black holes lurk at the centre of many galaxies, including our own

5. Astronomers believe that when the universe was very young, black holes affected how galaxies formed

Key facilities
  • Olympic-size swimming pool with a split bulkhead for multi-use configurations, including water polo and 50m/25m training lanes
  • Premier League-standard football pitch
  • 400m Olympic running track
  • NBA-spec basketball court with auditorium
  • 600-seat auditorium
  • Spaces for historical and cultural exploration
  • An elevated football field that doubles as a helipad
  • Specialist robotics and science laboratories
  • AR and VR-enabled learning centres
  • Disruption Lab and Research Centre for developing entrepreneurial skills
The Bio

Favourite vegetable: “I really like the taste of the beetroot, the potatoes and the eggplant we are producing.”

Holiday destination: “I like Paris very much, it’s a city very close to my heart.”

Book: “Das Kapital, by Karl Marx. I am not a communist, but there are a lot of lessons for the capitalist system, if you let it get out of control, and humanity.”

Musician: “I like very much Fairuz, the Lebanese singer, and the other is Umm Kulthum. Fairuz is for listening to in the morning, Umm Kulthum for the night.”

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
So what is Spicy Chickenjoy?

Just as McDonald’s has the Big Mac, Jollibee has Spicy Chickenjoy – a piece of fried chicken that’s crispy and spicy on the outside and comes with a side of spaghetti, all covered in tomato sauce and topped with sausage slices and ground beef. It sounds like a recipe that a child would come up with, but perhaps that’s the point – a flavourbomb combination of cheap comfort foods. Chickenjoy is Jollibee’s best-selling product in every country in which it has a presence.
 

Company profile

Company name: Dharma

Date started: 2018

Founders: Charaf El Mansouri, Nisma Benani, Leah Howe

Based: Abu Dhabi

Sector: TravelTech

Funding stage: Pre-series A 

Investors: Convivialite Ventures, BY Partners, Shorooq Partners, L& Ventures, Flat6Labs

Sole survivors
  • Cecelia Crocker was on board Northwest Airlines Flight 255 in 1987 when it crashed in Detroit, killing 154 people, including her parents and brother. The plane had hit a light pole on take off
  • George Lamson Jr, from Minnesota, was on a Galaxy Airlines flight that crashed in Reno in 1985, killing 68 people. His entire seat was launched out of the plane
  • Bahia Bakari, then 12, survived when a Yemenia Airways flight crashed near the Comoros in 2009, killing 152. She was found clinging to wreckage after floating in the ocean for 13 hours.
  • Jim Polehinke was the co-pilot and sole survivor of a 2006 Comair flight that crashed in Lexington, Kentucky, killing 49.
Abu Dhabi race card

5pm: Maiden (PA) | Dh80,000 | 1,600m
5.30pm: Maiden (PA) | ​​​​​​​Dh80,000 | 1,400m
6pm: Liwa Oasis (PA) Group 2 |​​​​​​​ Dh300,000 | 1,400m
6.30pm: Arabian Triple Crown Round-2 (PA) Group 3 | Dh300,000 | 2,200m
7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup (PA) Handicap | Dh70,000 | 1,600m
7.30pm: Maiden (TB) |​​​​​​​ Dh80,000 | 2,200m