Queen Elizabeth II speaking during the State Banquet in Buckingham Palace alongside Barack Obama, the US president at the time. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth with US President Joe Biden at Windsor Castle in England on June 13, 2021. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth with the Bidens at Windsor Castle. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth with US first lady Jill Biden in the Grand Corridor at Windsor Castle. Getty Images
The Bidens with the queen at Windsor Castle. Reuters
Mr Biden and Queen Elizabeth. Reuters
Ms Biden with the queen at Windsor Castle. Reuters
Mr Biden and his wife with the queen after attending the G7 Leader's Summit. Getty Images
Former US president Barack Obama and the queen during a State Banquet in Buckingham Palace on May 24, 2011 in London. Getty Images
Mr Obama and former first lady Michelle Obama are welcomed by the queen to Buckingham Palace on April 1, 2009. Photo: White House
Ms Obama greets football star David Beckham at a dinner in honour of the queen at Winfield House in London, on May 25, 2011. Photo: US National Archives
Mr Obama and Queen Elizabeth greet guests including actor Colin Firth at Winfield House, on May 25, 2011. Photo: US National Archives
Mr Obama and his wife attend a State Banquet hosted by the queen at Buckingham Palace. Photo: US National Archives
Mr and Mrs Obama receive the queen and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, prior to a dinner in the queen's honour at Winfield House in London. Photo: US National Archives
Mr and Ms Obama talk with the queen, Prince Philip, US ambassador Louis Susman and his wife, Margaret. Photo: US National Archives
The queen and the Obamas at Winfield House, the residence of the US ambassador. Getty Images
The Obamas walk out to pose with the queen and Prince Phillip before a state dinner at Buckingham Palace. Reuters
Mr Obama and his wife pose for photographs with the queen and Prince Philip during an audience at Buckingham Palace on April 1, 2009. Getty Images
The queen is received by Eleanor Roosevelt, the US first lady at the time. Photo: US National Archives
Former US president Donald Trump and the queen inspect a Guard of Honour, formed of the Coldstream Guards, at Windsor Castle in July 2018. Getty Images
Former US first lady Melania Trump, the queen and the Duchess of Cornwall during the Ceremonial Welcome at Buckingham Palace. Photo: US National Archives
Mr Trump was criticised for walking ahead of the queen. Getty Images
The queen stands with Mr Trump and his wife Melania Trump as they listen to the US national anthem during a welcome ceremony at Buckingham Palace. AFP
The queen and Mr Trump during the commemorations for the 75th Anniversary of the D-Day landings at Southsea Common in Portsmouth, UK. AP
The queen with Mr Trump as he arrived in Britain for a state visit, which was overshadowed by his outspoken remarks on Brexit. AFP
Bill Clinton, the US president at the time, talks with the queen with Hillary Rodham Clinton and daughter Chelsea at the Garden Entrance of Buckingham Palace in December 2000. AFP
The queen, George W Bush, the US president at the time, Laura Bush, and the Duke of Edinburgh pose in the music room at Buckingham Palace in November 2003. Getty Images
The queen made a state visit to the US White House and was received by then-president George HW Bush and his wife Barbara Bush, along with Prince Philip, in May 1991. Getty Images
The queen and former US president George W Bush meet well-wishers outside the White House in May 2007. Getty Images
The queen accompanying Mr Bush, his wife Laura, then-US secretary of state Colin Powell and his wife Alma Powell, and the Duke of Edinburgh as they enter the Queen's Gallery at Buckingham Palace in 2003. AP
The elder Bush and his wife arrive on May 16, 1991, at a dinner at the British embassy in Washington accompanied by the queen and her husband. AFP
Queen Margrethe of Denmark, Prince Philip, the queen, former French president Jacques Chirac, Bernadette Chirac, George W Bush, Ms Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin attend the commemoration ceremony for the 60th anniversary of D-Day on June 6, 2004, in Arromanches, France. Getty Images
Then-US president Jimmy Carter joins the queen and Prince Philip at Buckingham Palace when he and six other world leaders attended a dinner. Getty Images
The queen raises a glass with then-US president Gerald Ford. Photo: US National Archives
The queen dances with Ford at the White House in Washington. Photo: US National Archives / Ford Library
Prince Philip, former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy, the queen and US president at the time John Kennedy appear together at Buckingham Palace after a dinner party in 1961. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth out riding with then-US president Ronald Reagan at Windsor Park. PA
Queen Elizabeth with the West German chancellor at the time Helmut Kohl, Reagan, and the British prime minister at the time Margaret Thatcher at Buckingham Palace. AP
Reagan and Queen Elizabeth at a gala dinner at Windsor Castle. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth with UK prime minister at the time Edward Heath and then-US president Richard Nixon and his wife Pat Nixon at Chequers in Buckinghamshire. PA
Queen Elizabeth with Nixon. AP
Queen Elizabeth entertains former US president Richard Nixon to lunch at Buckingham Palace. Getty Images
"We mourn for all of you," Mr Biden said during his visit with first lady Jill Biden to sign a condolences book.
"She was a great lady. We were so delighted we got to meet her."
Queen Elizabeth met nearly every president during her seven-decade reign. The one president whom the monarch did not meet during her lifetime was Lyndon B Johnson, who held office from 1963 to 1969.
Her first encounter with a US president came in 1951. Still a princess, she met president Harry Truman in Washington, where she presented him and first lady Bess Truman with an overmantel for the newly renovated White House.
“Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II was more than a monarch. She defined an era,” Mr Biden said in a statement before an evening visit to the embassy.
“The seven decades of her history-making reign bore witness to an age of unprecedented human advancement and the forward march of human dignity."
The president has directed "that the [American] flag shall be flown at half-staff for the same length of time at all United States embassies, legations, consular offices and other facilities abroad, including all military facilities and naval vessels and stations" until sunset on the day of the queen's interment.
In his and former first lady Michelle Obama's commendation of the queen, they thanked her for a welcome in the beginning of his presidency.
“Michelle and I were lucky enough to come to know Her Majesty, and she meant a great deal to us,” Mr Obama wrote.
“Back when we were just beginning to navigate life as president and first lady, she welcomed us to the world stage with open arms and extraordinary generosity."
Mr Obama is the only US president to be invited back to Windsor Castle after he was out of office.
Donald Trump, who visited the Queen at Windsor Castle in 2018, said she will “reign forever in our hearts”. He added that he and former first lady Melania Trump will never forget her "generous friendship, great wisdom and wonderful sense of humour”.
“What a grand and beautiful lady she was — there was nobody like her!” he wrote on Truth Social.
Queen Elizabeth II meets celebrities - in pictures
US actress Marilyn Monroe and actor Victor Mature meet the British monarch at the Empire Theatre in London. Getty
Queen Elizabeth II meets actor Charlie Chaplin at the Empire Theatre in London. Getty
She meets actress Veronica Hurst and actor Rock Hudson at the Royal Film Performance in London in 1952. Getty
Frank Sinatra is presented to Queen Elizabeth at a movie premiere. PA
The queen with US actress Jayne Mansfield and British actor Stanley Baker at the Odeon Theatre in London. AP
Queen Elizabeth meets actor Rex Harrison and his wife Rachel Roberts at the premiere of 'Dr Dolittle' in London. Getty
Mother Teresa receives the Insignia of the Honorary Order of Merit from Queen Elizabeth in New Delhi. AP
South African leader Nelson Mandela with Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace. AP
The queen meets Spice Girls members Emma Bunton and Victoria Beckham. Getty
Queen Elizabeth with US performer Jennifer Lopez in London. Getty
The monarch with pop star Madonna at London's Albert Hall. WireImage
Queen Elizabeth greets actor Sir Roger Moore at Windsor Castle. Getty
She shakes hands with US singer Lady Gaga in Blackpool, England. Getty
Queen Elizabeth meets US actress and singer Bette Midler. Getty
Queen Elizabeth at Wimbledon with tennis stars Roger Federer, Serena Williams, Novak Djokovic, Andy Roddick, Venus Williams and Caroline Wozniacki. Getty
UK tennis player Andy Murray and Jarkko Nieminen of Finland meet the queen at Wimbledon. Getty
Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip with with Pope Benedict XVI at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, which was her official residence in Scotland. Getty
She meets actor Rowan Atkinson and actress Gillian Anderson at Buckingham Palace. Getty
Queen Elizabeth presents artist David Hockney with the Order of Merit at Buckingham Palace. Getty
Queen Elizabeth speaks to actresses Joan Collins and Kate O'Mara and singer Shirley Bassey. Getty
Queen Elizabeth and musician Gary Barlow on stage during the diamond jubilee concert at Buckingham Palace. Getty
From left, Sir Elton John, Sir Cliff Richard, Dame Shirley Bassey, Sir Tom Jones and Sir Paul McCartney meet the monarch after a diamond jubilee event. Getty
The queen takes part in a spoof of James Bond alongside actor Daniel Craig for the opening ceremony of the London Olympics in 2012. AFP
Queen Elizabeth greets singer Andrea Bocelli. Getty
The queen meets Nicola Roberts, Cheryl Cole, Kimberley Walsh and Sarah Harding from pop group Girls Aloud. Getty
Queen Elizabeth greets singer Kylie Minogue. Getty
Queen Elizabeth receives an honorary Bafta from actor Kenneth Branagh at Windsor Castle. Getty
Queen Elizabeth meets 'Star Wars' director George Lucas at Windsor Castle. Getty
Queen Elizabeth speaks to British actor Christopher Lee. Getty
Queen Elizabeth with actress Carey Mulligan and actor James Nesbitt. Getty
She speaks to director Tom Hooper and actor Eddie Redmayne. Getty
Queen Elizabeth greets singer Sir Rod Stewart during a reception for the Royal National Institute for the Blind at St James's Palace. Getty
Queen Elizabeth watches Dame Helen Mirren perform a speech from Shakespeare's 'The Tempest'. Getty
The queen with actress Gemma Arterton at Buckingham Palace. Getty
Actress Angelina Jolie is presented with the Insignia of an Honorary Dame Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George by Queen Elizabeth. Getty
Queen Elizabeth greets singer Annie Lennox at the Royal Academy of Arts in London. Getty
Queen Elizabeth with 'Vogue' editor Anna Wintour. AP
Queen Elizabeth meets British singer Liam Payne at Westminster Abbey. Getty
Queen Elizabeth meets former England footballer David Beckham at Buckingham Palace. Getty
Queen Elizabeth talks to British boxer Anthony Joshua. Getty
Queen Elizabeth ll meets Liz Taylor and husband John Warner at a gala dinner in 1976 in Washington. Getty Images
Perry Como, Frank Sinatra and Dionne Warwick serenaded the queen on her 1983 California visit and George Burns acted as master of ceremonies. Getty Images
Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip join Nancy Reagan during a red carpet celebrity-filled event at 20th Century Fox studios on February 27, 1983 in Los Angeles, California. Getty Images
Former president Bill Clinton, who toured Buckingham Palace with wife Hillary Clinton in 1995 and 2000, said they will “always be grateful for the kindness she showed”.
Jimmy Carter, another former president who visited Buckingham Palace in 1977, said the queen's grace and dignity were an inspiration.
Visiting Buckingham Palace produced some of the fondest memories for former president George Bush, who recalled having tea with the queen and her beloved corgis.
“Our world benefited from her steady resolve and we are grateful for her decades of service as sovereign. Americans in particular appreciate her strong and steadfast friendship,” Mr Bush said.
Speaking on the Senate floor earlier on Thursday morning, Republican leader Mitch McConell heralded Queen Elizabeth as “an exemplar of steady leadership” who “changed the world”.
Bob Menendez, chairman of the House Foreign Relations Committee, recalled how Congress was “honoured” to host her joint address in 1991.
“Her meaningful engagement with American leaders from President Truman to President Biden and her commitment to our countries' special relationship greatly contributed to the enduring friendship between our nations,” Mr Menendez said.
Additional reporting by Patrick deHahn
Plan to boost public schools
A major shake-up of government-run schools was rolled out across the country in 2017. Known as the Emirati School Model, it placed more emphasis on maths and science while also adding practical skills to the curriculum.
It was accompanied by the promise of a Dh5 billion investment, over six years, to pay for state-of-the-art infrastructure improvements.
Recent developments have also included the introduction of moral education - which public and private schools both must teach - along with reform of the exams system and tougher teacher licensing requirements.
Fly to Rome with Etihad (www.etihad.ae) or Emirates (www.emirates.com) from Dh2,480 return including taxes. The flight takes six hours. Fly from Rome to Trapani with Ryanair (www.ryanair.com) from Dh420 return including taxes. The flight takes one hour 10 minutes.
The hotels
The author recommends the following hotels for this itinerary. In Trapani, Ai Lumi (www.ailumi.it); in Marsala, Viacolvento (www.viacolventomarsala.it); and in Marsala Del Vallo, the Meliaresort Dimore Storiche (www.meliaresort.it).
Previous men's records
2:01:39: Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) on 16/9/19 in Berlin
2:02:57: Dennis Kimetto (KEN) on 28/09/2014 in Berlin
2:03:23: Wilson Kipsang (KEN) on 29/09/2013 in Berlin
2:03:38: Patrick Makau (KEN) on 25/09/2011 in Berlin
2:03:59: Haile Gebreselassie (ETH) on 28/09/2008 in Berlin
2:04:26: Haile Gebreselassie (ETH) on 30/09/2007 in Berlin
2:04:55: Paul Tergat (KEN) on 28/09/2003 in Berlin
2:05:38: Khalid Khannouchi (USA) 14/04/2002 in London
2:05:42: Khalid Khannouchi (USA) 24/10/1999 in Chicago
2:06:05: Ronaldo da Costa (BRA) 20/09/1998 in Berlin