Lori Carnochan was only six months old when the worst terror attack in Britain happened 35 years ago, just outside her family's front door.
The lives of everyone around her were changed forever when Libyan terrorists blew up Pan Am Flight 103 over the tiny Scottish town of Lockerbie, killing 270 people.
The atrocity saw one man imprisoned, the regime of Muammar Qaddafi blamed and a continuing hunt for justice spanning decades.
For Ms Carnochan, growing up in the aftermath meant she has seen first-hand the effects stamped on her community by that fateful night of December 21, 1988.
Now, working for the Pan Am 103 Lockerbie Legacy Foundation in the UK, she took The National on a tour of the crash site.
Bracing against the sleet, she gently placed her hand on the gravestone of John Cummock at Tundergarth Church and drew attention to his epitaph: "Died aboard Pan Am 103."
She then pointed to a field full of sheep just metres away.
“That’s where the nose cone of the plane came down, that’s where John was found,” Ms Carnochan said.
Her mother was working as a nurse the night it happened.
“Her job was to prepare the beds in the expectation they would be overwhelmed following the crash,” Ms Carnochan said.
“She waited for the injured, but none came – there were no survivors.”
The plane was destroyed at 7.03pm, 27 minutes after leaving London’s Heathrow Airport, when a bomb hidden in a stereo exploded as it headed for New York, killing all 259 passengers and crew and 11 people on the ground.
Libya claimed responsibility for the atrocity in 2003.
The nose cone of the plane crashed to the ground in what became a world-famous image of the disaster – and formed part of the wreckage that spanned 2,188 square kilometres.
Victoria Cummock, from South Florida, was just 35 and had three young children when she lost her husband John in the tragedy.
She realised it was his flight after crash footage showed the briefcase she had bought him at the front of the wreckage.
The businessman was travelling home to America for Christmas when the terror attack happened and he was found in the nose cone along with 17 others.
“I cannot say I was ever the same after,” Ms Cummock, founder and chief executive of the Pan Am 103 Lockerbie Legacy Foundation, told The National.
“If something like this happens you cannot expect to live happily ever after.
“Sadly, Lockerbie isn’t taught in schools, a whole generation of people do not remember the disaster.
"This attack has been forgotten yet it was the second-worst terror incident in US history and the worst to happen in Britain.”
Today, a small stone building of remembrance stands in the churchyard filled with the victims’ pictures and family memories as a result of the foundation’s work and that of the Tundergarth Kirks Trust.
Inside, Ms Carnochan turns the pages of an open book of remembrance that contains messages of love from around the world. The walls are lined with the flags of the 21 countries from where the victims came.
"In the first tribute book to victims, over 100 people were left out and there were no photos," Ms Carnochan said.
"So we searched for pictures of them all and now you can look at their faces and find out about who they were.
"Before you may never have known Robert McCollum was a professor running development programmes in Nigeria and was returning home after a meeting with Unesco, or that Martin Apfelbaum was a rare-stamp dealer.
"All these people cannot be forgotten.”
Ms Cummock's husband was missing from the first book and she has devoted her life to ensuring he and the other victims are never forgotten.
“We wanted every victim identified and remembered. It has been a Herculean task to identify the victims. This happened before the dawn of the internet,” she said.
“It has been a labour of love.”
Museum plans
Ms Carnochan plays a folk song called Girl in the Garden written about a local woman who had found one of the young victims' purses in her backyard and strived to reunite relatives with their belongings.
"We had so many hometown heroes in the aftermath and we want them and the victims to be remembered, so next year we are hoping to create a museum in the churchyard," she said.
They are planning to transform the remains of a 17th century church on the grounds into a memorial museum.
“When I went to visit the 9/11 memorial I was shocked that there was only a small mention of Lockerbie," Ms Cummock said.
"This attack has been forgotten. We are at risk of it being erased so we decided enough was enough.
“The foundation not only wanted to honour the victims but the thousands of people who helped. We have created living memory pages for them and now we are going to create a museum.
“Lockerbie was one of the largest disasters on the globe. Every story is important and it is a privilege for us to hear them and they will all be in our memorial museum. We are really excited to do this 35 years later.
“This was such an impactful event with global ramifications. We cannot let it be forgotten.”
Hometown heroes rallied to help
The sleepy town and its outlying villages were shaken to their core when the bomb exploded 9.5km in the skies above, making it the largest crime scene in history.
Streets were destroyed where parts of the plane fell, fires littered the countryside and gardens and fields were covered in bodies, belongings and debris.
A farmer found the body of a 20-month-old in his field, which he handed over to a policeman.
Within hours of the crash 300 firemen and more than 1,000 police officers were at the scene.
“People thought it was snowing but it was ash falling from the sky,” Ms Carnochan said.
“Everyone came to help. Farmers' wives baked for the rescue teams and even knitted pads for the search dogs’ feet. It was a huge display of humanity.”
Out of horror came heroism, as local residents rallied to help.
The Laundry Ladies
One group of women became known as "the laundry ladies" after they spent months washing and sorting through 11,000 personal items to ensure victims' effects were sent back to families after discovering the US would not fund it.
“I got my husband’s clothes back laundered, it was odd as he never brought them back clean,” Ms Cummock said.
“Then I discovered this small group of women had done it for us.”
Read more about the laundry ladies in this gallery
Students killed
More than 5,200km away in New York, the impact of the disaster was felt particularly hard at Syracuse University.
It lost 35 students who had been on secondments and were returning to their families for Christmas.
Kara Weipz was 15 when her brother Richard Moretti, a journalism and politics student, was killed.
She has now taken over the baton from her parents to continue to fight for justice for the victims and is president of Victims of Pan Am Flight 103.
“Anniversaries become surreal to me," Ms Weipz told The National. "I’m 50 now and I was 15 when it happened. This has been my life as I have grown up in this tragedy.
“It’s my second time being chairman. I’ve just picked up the torch for people in their 80s who cannot do it any more.
"I have learnt from them all, I have grown up with it from my parents … I’m trying to carry on their work for them to bring them a sense of peace. I hope I’m achieving that.
“I’m in awe of everything we have accomplished and the changes that have been made, from simple things in the US like victims’ names not being released until the families have been notified.
"We have made changes to airport security and how victims are treated, not just in the US but in the UK too.
“We have enacted a number of different changes considering we are just a small number of people doing this. I talk to students all the time to tell them they have a voice and can make change.
"One of the things I share is my brother’s memory and the legacy that we can take something terrible and we can make change and make the world a better place.”
A memorial wall stands at the entrance to Syracuse University, where every year a remembrance service is held.
The then chancellor Melvin Eggers vowed to never let the students be forgotten and created 35 remembrance scholar places to continue their legacy.
Kelly Rodoski was a student at the time of the tragedy and returned to work at the university where she manages the scholars.
“I remember it very vividly, I was in my first year. It was a shock to everybody,” she told The National.
“Over the years we have done many things. We have a large memorial here, it is a wall to our gateway.
"We have a remembrance week with a candle light vigil during which we have 35 chairs in our quad for each of the students. It is a stark reminder of what we lost, it brings the message home.
“Our mission for remembrance is to look back. Our scholars were not born when this happened and it is something we really need to educate people about.
“We have a robust archive of the crash here, with some of the students’ personal effects from poetry, a sweatshirt, a baseball cap and even photos from the camera roll from one of the students that was recovered from the wreckage.
"It is very poignant and a reminder to all of us these were people who studied with us who lost their lives.
“It is still something that affects all of us. These were great kids living the time of their lives and were just coming home for Christmas. It was shocking. Sometimes it just feels like yesterday.”
Fight for justice: Who are the suspects?
In 2003 Libya claimed responsibility for the attack and to date only one person has been convicted.
Former Libyan intelligence operatives Abdel Baset Ali Al Megrahi and Lamen Khalifa Fhimah stood trial for their roles.
It resulted in Mr Fhimah being acquitted and Al Megrahi convicted and jailed for life in 2001.
He was subsequently released in 2009 on compassionate grounds while terminally ill with cancer, and died in Libya in 2012.
Read more about the suspects in this gallery
Last year the US extradited Abu Agila Mohammad Masud from Libya and charged him with making the bomb. He is expected to stand trial next year.
Ms Weipz said it has been a difficult fight to get to this stage.
“The news of his arrest last year was such a shock," she said. "It was so close to the anniversary and we were all numb. It brought up a lot of emotions.
“Now, we are about to embark on another trial.
“You never know what will bring someone else peace but I hope that the fight for 18 months to get custody of Mr Masud will help.
“It has been one of the toughest things I have been involved with, it has been a different fight.
"It was emotional and it was frustrating with certain parts of the US government and there were parts we couldn’t control.
"There was a lot of back and forth. It was something that has been 35 years in the making and it will be very interesting to see the whole trial.”
Her fight for justice is far from over as she battles with politicians in the US to allow relatives from the 21 different countries affected to watch the trial remotely as American cases are not televised.
“We have waited 35 years and every family deserves to be able to watch this,” Ms Weipz said.
Ms Cummock believes holding people accountable will bring more comfort.
“This was an intentional act of mass murder,” she said.
“We know just one person did not bring down a plane.”
A lesson in human kindness
After her husband's death, Ms Cummock joined the Red Cross, helping victims of other terror attacks including the Oklahoma bombing and September 11, and has worked to implement changes to aviation safety.
“Lockerbie taught the world a lesson in humanity and human kindness, and inspired me to do years of work on air disasters and acts of terror,” she said.
“I have been involved in any air disaster involving a US carrier since 1988 and I have also worked with victims' families.
“I know if I had died and not John he would have done the same things the foundation is doing.
“He would also want to find out the truth about what happened, why people were not protected, how it must never happen again and holding people to account.”
Ms Cummock and Ms Weipz will be at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia at the Lockerbie Memorial Cairn – which consists of 270 blocks of red Scottish sandstone from a quarry near Lockerbie – to commemorate the 35th anniversary this week.
“I will be laying a wreath with 21 flags in it for the victims of the 21 different countries,” Ms Cummock said.
“My hope for this coming year is for the trial to start and work on the memorial museum to honour the thousands of survivors will commence, so we can make this something that will celebrate aspiring stories of hope and resilience.
'"The legacy of Lockerbie will live on. It might be 35 years but they will never be forgotten.”
What vitamins do we know are beneficial for living in the UAE
Vitamin D: Highly relevant in the UAE due to limited sun exposure; supports bone health, immunity and mood.
Vitamin B12: Important for nerve health and energy production, especially for vegetarians, vegans and individuals with absorption issues.
Iron: Useful only when deficiency or anaemia is confirmed; helps reduce fatigue and support immunity.
Omega-3 (EPA/DHA): Supports heart health and reduces inflammation, especially for those who consume little fish.
Tips to stay safe during hot weather
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, especially water. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can increase dehydration.
- Seek cool environments: Use air conditioning, fans, or visit community spaces with climate control.
- Limit outdoor activities: Avoid strenuous activity during peak heat. If outside, seek shade and wear a wide-brimmed hat.
- Dress appropriately: Wear lightweight, loose and light-coloured clothing to facilitate heat loss.
- Check on vulnerable people: Regularly check in on elderly neighbours, young children and those with health conditions.
- Home adaptations: Use blinds or curtains to block sunlight, avoid using ovens or stoves, and ventilate living spaces during cooler hours.
- Recognise heat illness: Learn the signs of heat exhaustion and heat stroke (dizziness, confusion, rapid pulse, nausea), and seek medical attention if symptoms occur.
The specs: 2019 Lincoln MKC
Price, base / as tested: Dh169,995 / Dh192,045
Engine: Turbocharged, 2.0-litre, in-line four-cylinder
Transmission: Six-speed automatic
Power: 253hp @ 5,500rpm
Torque: 389Nm @ 2,500rpm
Fuel economy, combined: 10.7L / 100km
ENGLAND SQUAD
Goalkeepers Henderson, Pickford, Pope.
Defenders Alexander-Arnold, Chilwell, Coady, Dier, Gomez, Keane, Maguire, Maitland-Niles, Mings, Saka, Trippier, Walker.
Midfielders Henderson, Mount, Phillips, Rice, Ward-Prowse, Winks.
Forwards Abraham, Barnes, Calvert-Lewin, Grealish, Ings, Kane, Rashford, Sancho, Sterling.
Conflict, drought, famine
Estimates of the number of deaths caused by the famine range from 400,000 to 1 million, according to a document prepared for the UK House of Lords in 2024.
It has been claimed that the policies of the Ethiopian government, which took control after deposing Emperor Haile Selassie in a military-led revolution in 1974, contributed to the scale of the famine.
Dr Miriam Bradley, senior lecturer in humanitarian studies at the University of Manchester, has argued that, by the early 1980s, “several government policies combined to cause, rather than prevent, a famine which lasted from 1983 to 1985. Mengistu’s government imposed Stalinist-model agricultural policies involving forced collectivisation and villagisation [relocation of communities into planned villages].
The West became aware of the catastrophe through a series of BBC News reports by journalist Michael Buerk in October 1984 describing a “biblical famine” and containing graphic images of thousands of people, including children, facing starvation.
Band Aid
Bob Geldof, singer with the Irish rock group The Boomtown Rats, formed Band Aid in response to the horrific images shown in the news broadcasts.
With Midge Ure of the band Ultravox, he wrote the hit charity single Do They Know it’s Christmas in December 1984, featuring a string of high-profile musicians.
Following the single’s success, the idea to stage a rock concert evolved.
Live Aid was a series of simultaneous concerts that took place at Wembley Stadium in London, John F Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia, the US, and at various other venues across the world.
The combined event was broadcast to an estimated worldwide audience of 1.5 billion.
Dengue%20fever%20symptoms
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Other workplace saving schemes
- The UAE government announced a retirement savings plan for private and free zone sector employees in 2023.
- Dubai’s savings retirement scheme for foreign employees working in the emirate’s government and public sector came into effect in 2022.
- National Bonds unveiled a Golden Pension Scheme in 2022 to help private-sector foreign employees with their financial planning.
- In April 2021, Hayah Insurance unveiled a workplace savings plan to help UAE employees save for their retirement.
- Lunate, an Abu Dhabi-based investment manager, has launched a fund that will allow UAE private companies to offer employees investment returns on end-of-service benefits.
Credit Score explained
What is a credit score?
In the UAE your credit score is a number generated by the Al Etihad Credit Bureau (AECB), which represents your credit worthiness – in other words, your risk of defaulting on any debt repayments. In this country, the number is between 300 and 900. A low score indicates a higher risk of default, while a high score indicates you are a lower risk.
Why is it important?
Financial institutions will use it to decide whether or not you are a credit risk. Those with better scores may also receive preferential interest rates or terms on products such as loans, credit cards and mortgages.
How is it calculated?
The AECB collects information on your payment behaviour from banks as well as utilitiy and telecoms providers.
How can I improve my score?
By paying your bills on time and not missing any repayments, particularly your loan, credit card and mortgage payments. It is also wise to limit the number of credit card and loan applications you make and to reduce your outstanding balances.
How do I know if my score is low or high?
By checking it. Visit one of AECB’s Customer Happiness Centres with an original and valid Emirates ID, passport copy and valid email address. Liv. customers can also access the score directly from the banking app.
How much does it cost?
A credit report costs Dh100 while a report with the score included costs Dh150. Those only wanting the credit score pay Dh60. VAT is payable on top.
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
IF YOU GO
The flights: FlyDubai offers direct flights to Catania Airport from Dubai International Terminal 2 daily with return fares starting from Dh1,895.
The details: Access to the 2,900-metre elevation point at Mount Etna by cable car and 4x4 transport vehicle cost around €57.50 (Dh248) per adult. Entry into Teatro Greco costs €10 (Dh43). For more go to www.visitsicily.info
Where to stay: Hilton Giardini Naxos offers beachfront access and accessible to Taormina and Mount Etna. Rooms start from around €130 (Dh561) per night, including taxes.
UAE central contracts
Full time contracts
Rohan Mustafa, Ahmed Raza, Mohammed Usman, Chirag Suri, Mohammed Boota, Sultan Ahmed, Zahoor Khan, Junaid Siddique, Waheed Ahmed, Zawar Farid
Part time contracts
Aryan Lakra, Ansh Tandon, Karthik Meiyappan, Rahul Bhatia, Alishan Sharafu, CP Rizwaan, Basil Hameed, Matiullah, Fahad Nawaz, Sanchit Sharma
Profile of VoucherSkout
Date of launch: November 2016
Founder: David Tobias
Based: Jumeirah Lake Towers
Sector: Technology
Size: 18 employees
Stage: Embarking on a Series A round to raise $5 million in the first quarter of 2019 with a 20 per cent stake
Investors: Seed round was self-funded with “millions of dollars”
Scores
Wales 74-24 Tonga
England 35-15 Japan
Italy 7-26 Australia
New UK refugee system
- A new “core protection” for refugees moving from permanent to a more basic, temporary protection
- Shortened leave to remain - refugees will receive 30 months instead of five years
- A longer path to settlement with no indefinite settled status until a refugee has spent 20 years in Britain
- To encourage refugees to integrate the government will encourage them to out of the core protection route wherever possible.
- Under core protection there will be no automatic right to family reunion
- Refugees will have a reduced right to public funds
The Vile
Starring: Bdoor Mohammad, Jasem Alkharraz, Iman Tarik, Sarah Taibah
Director: Majid Al Ansari
Rating: 4/5
What it means to be a conservationist
Who is Enric Sala?
Enric Sala is an expert on marine conservation and is currently the National Geographic Society's Explorer-in-Residence. His love of the sea started with his childhood in Spain, inspired by the example of the legendary diver Jacques Cousteau. He has been a university professor of Oceanography in the US, as well as working at the Spanish National Council for Scientific Research and is a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Future Council on Biodiversity and the Bio-Economy. He has dedicated his life to protecting life in the oceans. Enric describes himself as a flexitarian who only eats meat occasionally.
What is biodiversity?
According to the United Nations Environment Programme, all life on earth – including in its forests and oceans – forms a “rich tapestry of interconnecting and interdependent forces”. Biodiversity on earth today is the product of four billion years of evolution and consists of many millions of distinct biological species. The term ‘biodiversity’ is relatively new, popularised since the 1980s and coinciding with an understanding of the growing threats to the natural world including habitat loss, pollution and climate change. The loss of biodiversity itself is dangerous because it contributes to clean, consistent water flows, food security, protection from floods and storms and a stable climate. The natural world can be an ally in combating global climate change but to do so it must be protected. Nations are working to achieve this, including setting targets to be reached by 2020 for the protection of the natural state of 17 per cent of the land and 10 per cent of the oceans. However, these are well short of what is needed, according to experts, with half the land needed to be in a natural state to help avert disaster.
White hydrogen: Naturally occurring hydrogen
Chromite: Hard, metallic mineral containing iron oxide and chromium oxide
Ultramafic rocks: Dark-coloured rocks rich in magnesium or iron with very low silica content
Ophiolite: A section of the earth’s crust, which is oceanic in nature that has since been uplifted and exposed on land
Olivine: A commonly occurring magnesium iron silicate mineral that derives its name for its olive-green yellow-green colour
More on animal trafficking
The specs: 2018 Maserati Ghibli
Price, base / as tested: Dh269,000 / Dh369,000
Engine: 3.0-litre twin-turbocharged V6
Transmission: Eight-speed automatic
Power: 355hp @ 5,500rpm
Torque: 500Nm @ 4,500rpm
Fuel economy, combined: 8.9L / 100km
Uefa Nations League
League A:
Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Spain, France, England, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, Iceland, Croatia, Netherlands
League B:
Austria, Wales, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine, Republic of Ireland, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Northern Ireland, Denmark, Czech Republic, Turkey
League C:
Hungary, Romania, Scotland, Slovenia, Greece, Serbia, Albania, Norway, Montenegro, Israel, Bulgaria, Finland, Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania
League D:
Azerbaijan, Macedonia, Belarus, Georgia, Armenia, Latvia, Faroe Islands, Luxembourg, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Liechtenstein, Malta, Andorra, Kosovo, San Marino, Gibraltar
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Lexus LX700h specs
Engine: 3.4-litre twin-turbo V6 plus supplementary electric motor
Power: 464hp at 5,200rpm
Torque: 790Nm from 2,000-3,600rpm
Transmission: 10-speed auto
Fuel consumption: 11.7L/100km
On sale: Now
Price: From Dh590,000
Results:
5pm: Baynunah Conditions (UAE bred) Dh80,000 1,400m.
Winner: Al Tiryaq, Dane O’Neill (jockey), Abdullah Al Hammadi (trainer).
5.30pm: Al Zahra Handicap (rated 0-45) Dh 80,000 1,400m:
Winner: Fahadd, Richard Mullen, Ahmed Al Mehairbi.
6pm: Al Ras Al Akhdar Maiden Dh80,000 1,600m.
Winner: Jaahiz, Jesus Rosales, Eric Lemartinel.
6.30pm: Al Reem Island Handicap Dh90,000 1,600m.
Winner: AF Al Jahed, Antonio Fresu, Ernst Oertel.
7pm: Al Khubairah Handicap (TB) 100,000 2,200m.
Winner: Empoli, Pat Dobbs, Doug Watson.
7.30pm: Wathba Stallions Cup Handicap Dh80,000 2,200m.
Winner: Shivan OA, Patrick Cosgrave, Helal Al Alawi.
RIVER%20SPIRIT
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Joker: Folie a Deux
Starring: Joaquin Phoenix, Lady Gaga, Brendan Gleeson
Director: Todd Phillips
Rating: 2/5
The 12 Syrian entities delisted by UK
Ministry of Interior
Ministry of Defence
General Intelligence Directorate
Air Force Intelligence Agency
Political Security Directorate
Syrian National Security Bureau
Military Intelligence Directorate
Army Supply Bureau
General Organisation of Radio and TV
Al Watan newspaper
Cham Press TV
Sama TV
