US and France vie to bolster Gulf security after Saudi oil attack

France is deploying radar equipment to shore up Saudi defences

Florence Parly speaks to the media on the sidelines of the 15th Manama Dialogue on Saturday. AFP

The United States and France are boosting Saudi Arabia's radar systems following crippling drone and cruise missile attacks on Saudi oil infrastructure in September, which Washington blames on Iran.

The chief of the US Central Command and France's defence minister, whose countries have taken divergent approaches to Iran, also touted rival versions of maritime missions to protect Gulf waters at a Bahrain security forum on Saturday.

Tehran denies involvement in the strikes that initially halved the crude output of the world's top oil exporter and led the United States to send thousands of troops and military hardware to the kingdom.

"We continue to refine information on the attack against (Saudi state oil firm) Aramco and that will be released principally through the Saudis," said General Kenneth McKenzie, who oversees operations in the Middle East and South Asia.

"We are working with the Saudis to increase the networking of their systems. That will make them better able to defend against this type of threats," he told reporters.

Gen McKenzie said boosting the US military presence at Prince Sultan Air Base south of Riyadh, in addition to large bases in the region, would "complicate an adversary's ability to target you".

Florence Parly, France's Minister of the Armed Forces, said Paris was separately sending Riyadh "a robust package of advanced warning," including radars, to confront low-altitude attacks.

"It will be in Saudi Arabia in the coming days so it will be operational very, very rapidly. But there is an analysis to be done in order to better identify how to fill the gap," she later told reporters.

The September 14 strikes heightened regional tensions following attacks on tankers in Gulf waters and other Saudi energy assets in the summer that Washington also blamed on Iran, a charge Tehran denies.

Saudi Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Adel Al Jubeir told the IISS Manama Dialogue that Riyadh was consulting with its allies about what measures would be taken against Iran after the investigation concluded.

The event focused mostly on the Iranian threat but included no representatives from Tehran. It underscored differences between Western allies over how to deal with Iran since the United States quit a 2015 international nuclear pact.

France wants to salvage the agreement, which Saudi Arabia and other US-allied Gulf states oppose for failing to address Iran's ballistic missiles programme and regional interference.

"We have seen a deliberate, gradual US disengagement," Ms Parly said, citing US inaction over a 2013 chemical attack in Syria and this year's downing of an American drone by Iran.

She said it was time to "reinvent deterrence," mentioning France's efforts to form a European-led maritime mission, separate from the US maximum pressure campaign on Iran, to help "cool down tempers".

Ms Parly told reporters the initiative could start early next year and around 10 European and non-European governments would join pending parliamentary approval.

Only Albania, Australia, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom have so far joined the US-led International Maritime Security Construct (IMSC), which General McKenzie said would "shine a spotlight on nefarious activity".