NEW DELHI // The Indian capital yesterday kicked off a sweeping plan to reduce its record-high air pollution by limiting the numbers of cars on the streets for two weeks.
New Delhi is testing a formula where private cars will be allowed on the roads only on alternate days from January 1 to 15, depending on whether their licence plates end in an even or an odd number.
Yesterday, most cars appeared to be following the rules and traffic was a trickle compared to the usual rush-hour chaos. But with schools and colleges shut, and many offices closed for the New Year’s holiday, far fewer people needed to be on the roads than usual.
The city government last week announced a number of exemptions to the new rules, including top politicians, judges, police and prison officials, women and sick people and two-wheelers like motorbikes and scooters.
Still, the plan represented the most dramatic effort the city has undertaken to combat pollution since a court order in 1998 mandated that all public transport run on compressed natural gas.
Police appeared to be keeping a low profile yesterday. Except for a handful of major intersections, where police and civil defence volunteers set up checkpoints to watch for wrong-numbered licence plates, there was little official presence on the roads at all.
When cars were pulled over, the result was almost always a warning, not the US$30 fine that has been announced.
“Today we are just educating drivers,” assistant sub inspector Krishan Singh said.
Police officials said they do not have enough staff to properly enforce the rule, particularly in a city where drivers regularly flout the most basic traffic laws.
Arvind Kejriwal, the city’s leading elected official, said that he was “overwhelmed” by the response to the new rules.
He said that people “seem to have accepted this anti-pollution drive with an open heart.”
The World Health Organisation last year named New Delhi the world’s most polluted city. The pollution is at its worst in the winter, with grey skies and a dense cover of smog through the early morning hours.
Delhi has an estimated 7.5 million registered vehicles and a large number run on highly polluting diesel.
In addition, construction dust, the burning of crop waste in nearby farming areas and its proximity to the Thar desert add to the pollution.
Yesterday, the average PM2.5 levels for New Delhi were over 297, almost five times higher than the Indian norm of 60 and some 15 times over the WHO standard of 20.
These tiny, inhalable particles, which are smaller than 2.5 micrometres, are small enough to penetrate lungs and cause damage.
Plans to lower the city’s pollution levels included shutting down one of the oldest and least-efficient power plants, a temporary ban on the sale of large diesel vehicles and a stiff toll for pollution-spewing lorries entering the Indian capital.
The supreme court last month banned lorries from entering the city if they were more than 10 years old or are transiting. In addition, all taxis, including private ride-hailing services such as Uber, have to switch to compressed natural gas by March 31.
Environmental expert Anumita Raichaudury said that it was good news for the city to finally have an emergency plan for times when pollution hits hazardous levels.
“It’s important to clamp down by taking at least 50 per cent of the vehicles off the roads for an immediate impact,” Ms Raichaudury said.
* Associated Press
