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Russia scored an early point in the “battle for the Donbas” by capturing the city of Kreminna hours after the major offensive was launched, amid a warning from the Kremlin to western nations that arming Ukraine risked prolonging the war.
Sergei Shoigu, the Russian defence minister, said forces were “methodically carrying out” orders to “liberate” the two breakaway regions of Donetsk and Luhansk.
Hours after Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced the beginning of the offensive in an overnight video address, the regional governor of Luhansk said Kreminna had fallen. The city, 660 kilometres east of Kyiv had a pre-war population of more than 18,000.
“Kreminna is under the control of the 'Orcs' [Russians]. They have entered the city,” Sergiy Gaiday, the governor of the Luhansk region, told a briefing. “Our defenders had to withdraw. They have entrenched themselves in new positions and continue to fight the Russian army.”
He did not specify exactly when the Russians wrested control of the city from Ukrainian forces but said they had attacked “from all sides".
“It is impossible to calculate the number of dead among the civilian population. We have official statistics — about 200 dead — but in reality there are many more,” he said, without saying what period the estimated death toll covered.
The Donbas region has been a focal point of Russia’s campaign to destabilise Ukraine since 2014, when the Kremlin began using proxies to set up separatist “people's republics” in Luhansk and Donetsk.
Mr Shoigu warned Ukraine’s allies against sending further weapons supplies to the former Soviet nation before a virtual meeting between the leaders of the G7, Nato and the EU. The videoconference called by US President Joe Biden scheduled for Tuesday afternoon is expected to focus on sending heavy weapons to try to boost Kyiv’s chances of defeating the Russians.
“The plan to liberate the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics is being methodically carried out,” Mr Shoigu was quoted by the RIA news agency as saying, at a meeting of defence officials.
Western countries have given Ukraine military equipment worth billions of dollars, with the US alone offering aid worth more than $2.5 billion (£1.9 billion).
“The United States and western countries it controls are doing everything to drag out the special military operation as much as possible,” Mr Shoigu said. “The increasing volume of foreign arms supplies clearly demonstrates their intentions to provoke the Kyiv regime to fight to the last Ukrainian standing.”
Moscow refers to the war in Ukraine as a “special military operation” designed to demilitarise the neighbouring country and remove what it calls dangerous nationalists.
Kyiv and its western allies reject that as a false pretext for an unprovoked attack that has forced almost 5 million people to flee abroad and internally displaced about 7 million.
On Tuesday, day 55 of the invasion, French finance minister Bruno Le Maire said a ban on Russian oil imports was needed “more than ever”. There has been heated debate within the energy-dependent bloc about the merits of restricting flows.
Mr Le Maire told Europe 1 radio that France hoped to convince EU partners “in coming weeks” to stop oil imports from Russia and said such a move should be prioritised over a ban on gas.
However, a full and immediate ban on Russian oil could push the price of crude to $185 a barrel, JP Morgan said in a report.
Mr Le Maire acknowledged that not all of the EU’s 27 member states seemed to be in favour of an oil ban.
“We are trying to convince our European partners to stop importing oil from Russia. What has been the primary source of currency for Vladimir Putin for several years? It is not gas. It is oil,” he said.
European leaders in March distanced themselves from US efforts to ban Russian oil imports. Days later President Biden issued an executive order banning the import of oil, gas and other energy products from Russia.
The UK on Tuesday moved to further hamper the Russian economy, following several rounds of sanctions against individuals, banks and businesses.
Its tax authority, HM Revenue and Customs, announced plans to revoke the Moscow Stock Exchange’s status as a recognised stock exchange in response to the invasion.
The move would remove some tax relief for investors.
“Revoking Moscow Stock Exchange’s recognised status sends a clear message — there is no case for new investments in Russia,” said Lucy Frazer, the UK's Financial Secretary to the Treasury.
A senior national security official gave UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his cabinet an update on the situation in Ukraine, a spokesman for Mr Johnson said on Tuesday.
The offensive in the Donbas was likely to be prolonged and bloody, the spokesman said.
“The next phase of the war was likely to be an attritional conflict that could last several months,” he said.
“Russia would aim to exploit its troop number advantage, but Ukraine had already shown that this was unlikely to be decisive on its own.
“There were some signs that Russia had not learnt lessons from previous setbacks in northern Ukraine, and there was evidence of troops being committed to the fight in a piecemeal fashion.”
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A sign that reads 'Children' is fixed on to a car windscreen riddled with bulletholes in Irpin, Ukraine. AFP -
A woman weeps next to her husband's coffin at a cemetery in Irpin. AFP -
Residents walk amid debris of a charred Russian tank next to destroyed houses in the village of Zalissya. AFP -
Volunteers distribute food to residents in Zalissya. AFP -
A man walks past a damaged apartment building in the southern port city of Mariupol. Reuters -
Tamara, 71, cries in front of a destroyed apartment building in Mariupol. Reuters -
Local residents push a cart with a child past destroyed buildings in Mariupol. Reuters -
A record player sits among debris inside an apartment in Mariupol. Reuters -
Residents carry belongings past a destroyed building in Mariupol. Reuters -
Security guards help an injured man following a Russian bombing of a factory in Kramatorsk. AP -
A man receives first aid treatment. AP -
Soldiers collect explosives after recent battles in the village of Moshchun, close to Kyiv. AP -
The Komodor logistics park lies in ruins after being bombed and burnt during the Russian invasion near Makarov. Getty Images -
A room in a kindergarten stands windowless in Makarov. Getty Images -
A vehicle draped with a Ukrainian flag passes over a war-damaged bridge in Makarov. Getty Images -
A man sits in a basement that was used as a bomb shelter in the village of Kukhari. EPA -
Local residents clean the area around a destroyed farm in Kukhari. EPA -
Nadia looks at her husband's coffin at a cemetery in Bucha. He was killed during the war. AFP -
Mangled buildings in Irpin point to the ravages of the ongoing war. Getty Images -
A burnt apartment tower in Irpin. Getty Images -
Family members grieve during the funeral of Ruslan Nechyporenko, 47, in Bucha. Getty Images -
An abandoned Russian military position in Borodyanka town near Kyiv. EPA -
Heavily pregnant Dr Marta Kopan, who fled Kyiv with her husband Dr Maxim Motsya and their three-year-old son Makar, narrates their ordeal at a relative's place in Lviv. AP -
A Ukrainian officer searches for unexploded explosives as he passes by an Antonov An-225, the world's biggest cargo aircraft, destroyed during the war on the outskirts of Kyiv. AP -
A woman stands amid the destruction caused when a civilian building was hit by a Russian missile in Lviv, western Ukraine. Getty Images -
Ukrainian soldiers on an armoured personnel carrier, near the front line with Russian troops, in Izyum district, Kharkiv region, north-eastern Ukraine. AFP -
Ukrainian refugees arrive at the Siret border crossing between Romania and Ukraine. AFP -
Ukranian soldiers in a trench look out across the front line near Kharkiv. AFP -
Cars destroyed in Russian attacks, in Irpin, near Kyiv. The scene of fierce fighting, the town was occupied by Russian forces. Reuters -
Damaged and destroyed vehicles at Illich Iron and Steel Works Metallurgical Plant, in an area controlled by Russian-backed separatists in besieged south-eastern city Mariupol. AP -
Russian military vehicles in an area controlled by Moscow-backed separatists near Mariupol. AP -
An elderly woman waits do be evacuated from a hospice in Chasiv Yar city, in Donetsk, eastern Ukraine. At least 35 residents have been helped to flee from the region that has been under attack for weeks. AP -
A Ukrainian Interior Ministry serviceman collects unexploded shells, grenades and mines, following fierce fighting in Hostomel. AP
Russia announced a string of retaliatory measures against European nations on Tuesday, banning 15 diplomats from its territory. The announcement came after several European nations expelled Russia’s representatives.
The Russian foreign ministry declared 15 diplomats from the Netherlands “persona non grata”, giving them two weeks to leave, and gave the same deadline to Belgium's embassy staff.
Brussels in March expelled 21 Russian envoys and Moscow said at the time it would retaliate by following the “principle of reciprocity”. However, it did not make clear how many Belgian staff it was expelling.
The Russian government also gave four Austrian diplomats until Sunday to leave Russia. Moscow's announcement came a week after Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer became the first European leader to visit Mr Putin since he ordered his troops into Ukraine.
