Lunar landing site of UAE’s Rashid rover revealed

Exclusive: The rover will land on the 'Lake of Dreams', an area formed by flows of basaltic lava

An artist's impression of the UAE's lunar rover called Rashid.

Dr Hamad Al Marzooqi, project manager of the Emirates Lunar Mission at the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre. Chris Whiteoak / The National

An artist's impression of iSpace's Hakuto-Reboot lunar lander. It will carry UAE's Rashid rover to the surface of the Moon in 2022.

The UAE aims to land the Rashid rover on the near side of the Moon due to its smoother surface.

The far side of the Moon remains largely unexplored, but Nasa is turning its focus back to the lunar surface.

The HAKUTO-R lander, which will deliver the UAE's Rashid rover to the lunar surface in 2022, is now in final stages of assembly.

The ispace team completed the assembly of the lander's structure thermal model in April. Courtesy: ispace

The final assembly of the lander is being carried out in co-operation with the Ariane Group GmbH at the Ariane Group facility in Lampoldshausen, Germany. Courtesy: ispace

Using a lander and rocket that is already available helps Emirati engineers and scientists get quicker and easier access to space. Courtesy: ispace

The initial concept design of the Rashid rover. Courtesy: MBRSC

Rashid rover's thermal imager will analyse the Moon's properties through thermal energy. Courtesy: MBRSC

The Langmuir probes on the rover will analyse the lunar surface charge and electric fields. Courtesy: MBRSC

One of the rover's two high-resolution optical imagers that will take photos of the Moon. Courtesy: MBRSC

The Arab world’s first lunar rover, Rashid, will land on the north-eastern part of the Moon's near side, on a site known as the Lacus Somniorum.

The Latin phrase translates to "Lake of Dreams" and is the primary landing site for the UAE’s lunar mission in 2022. Three other spots have been selected as alternative sites as a precautionary measure.

Dr Hamad Al Marzooqi, project manager of the Emirates Lunar Mission, revealed the landing site to The National in an exclusive interview and said a launch window had been set for next year between August and December.

The UAE plans to land its Rashid rover at the 'Lake of Dreams'. Chris Whiteoak / The National

“Lacus Somniorum was selected as the primary landing site, but there are three other ones that have been chosen as back-ups,” he said.

“This is a place that was selected for two purposes – safety and science. Lunar missions always have areas that would be safe for landing, where you could avoid obstacles.

"The site was also selected because there is some interesting science.

“Landing missions do have back-up sites in case there are issues while landing on the primary landing site.”

Some of the scientific goals behind the mission include studying lunar soil, the geology of the Moon, dust movement and investigating the Moon's photoelectron sheath for one lunar day – about two weeks on Earth.

What is special about 'Lake of Dreams'?

The near side of the Moon has a smoother surface and fewer craters, but the terrain is still unpredictable.

The four-wheeled rover can climb over an obstacle up to 10 centimetres tall and descend a 20-degree slope.

Only a few space agencies have managed to land on the Moon and the success rate is less than 50 per cent. Chris Whiteoak / The National

But some basins on the near side of the Moon are so steep that were the rover to fall into one, it would be impossible for it to climb out.

Lacus Somniorum will be interesting to study because the surface has a unique composition. It was formed by flows of basaltic lava, giving it a reddish hue.

Timetable of the mission

A small team of engineers at the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre are building the 10-kilogram rover.

The first prototype of the lunar vehicle is complete and it will now undergo rigorous testing.

The actual rover sent to the Moon will be assembled once its prototype completes the tests.

A lander developed by Japanese company ispace will deliver the rover to the lunar surface.

The vehicle will be launched on a SpaceX flight from Kennedy Space Centre in Florida.

Once launched, the rover will take about three months to reach the Moon.

“The journey from the Earth to the Moon depends on the trajectory that you are going to select,” Dr Al Marzooqi said.

“The company we are working with is ispace and their approach is to go through the low-cost trajectory, which means that you will try to use as little fuel as possible in order to arrive at the Moon.

“So, the journey from Earth to the lunar surface will take around three months.”

If the launch happens at the beginning of August, the team predicts the landing sequence will begin by the end of November.

Mars images taken by the UAE's Hope probe - in pictures

The first image of Mars as taken by the UAE's Hope probe, which arrived at the planet on February 9.

This image taken by the Hope probe's ultraviolet spectrometer (one of its three scientific instruments) shows sunlight reflecting off the extended cloud of atomic hydrogen gas that surrounds the planet Mars. The sunlight is visible only as a dark disk hidden inside the fog of gas. The Emirates Mars Mission team said that no other mission have made such kind of recordings before.

The UAE's Hope probe captured a high-resolution photo of Mars.

The Hope probe has shared new images from its journey in the orbit of Mars.

This image was taken by the infrared spectrometer, another instrument on the Hope probe, from an altitude of about 15,000 kilometres. The image shows the surface temperature (left), centred on the Tharsis region of Mars. Dawn can be seen towards the right side. The low surface temperatures observed are due to the dusty nature of the Martian surface. An elevated nighttime atmospheric temperature at 25 km altitude (right) is also observed over the Tharsis region.

These images were captured by the eXploration imager, a high-resolution camera on the Hope probe. The red channel clearly shows the dark and light features of the Martian surface, while the water ice clouds stand out in the ultraviolet channel.

Hope probe sent back an image of the Cerberus Fossae, an area on the planet known for 'Marsquakes'.

Surface and atmospheric temperature readings collected by the UAE's Hope probe.

Discrete aurora on Mars captured by UAE's Hope probe

Discrete aurora on Mars captured by UAE's Hope probe