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Hundreds of students in numerous Lebanese universities rallied in support of Gaza on Tuesday, joining a global movement that is pushing for academic institutions to divest from companies that provide support to Israel.
Co-ordinated protests were held throughout the country, including at the American University of Beirut, Lebanese American University, the Lebanese International University's Beirut and Bekaa branches, the University Saint Joseph in Beirut and the Holy Spirit University of Kaslik in Jounieh.
At some establishments, such as the American University of Beirut, students were demanding the school administration end all economic ties “with companies and institutions complicit in the Israeli occupation of Palestinians”, a statement from the protest organisers at AUB said.
“One of our main demands is transparency about AUB’s financial investments because we don’t know where our tuition money is going,” a third-year psychology student told The National. She declined to give her name out of fear of repercussions from the university.
Lebanon imposed a total boycott of all Israeli companies and products in 1955 but this does not encompass foreign companies that may provide military services to Israel or that operate in Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank.
“All we can do now is boycott certain brands,” the student said. “But if we have financial transparency from the university, then we can know where we should demand divestment from.”
Students at AUB were demanding a boycott and divestment from Hewlett Packard, which provides services and technology to the Israeli army, “because the university relies on HP laptops and computers and we don’t want to use technology that funds a genocide”, the student said.
Campus encampments and solidarity rallies in the US and other western countries have been met with harsh repression, as the student movement proliferates, with hundreds worldwide arrested or suspended for their pro-Palestine activism.
Universities are on edge – even in Lebanon. Although the small Mediterranean country has technically been at war with Israel since 1948, it is also fragmented along political and sectarian lines. In Lebanon, Palestinian activism has been a touchy subject since the country’s 1975-1990 civil war, which some say was exacerbated by the presence of Palestinian political activity.
About 20 Lebanese army soldiers were sent to AUB’s main entrance where the university’s protest was taking place. They watched as students chanted ‘We want to know where our money is going” but took no further action to quell the rally.
Ali Tayyar, a third-year mechanical engineering student at AUB, said: “Whenever we see what's happening throughout the world with the students – in Columbia, Harvard, MIT, in Boston University, in all these universities – we see students are doing so much. And they’re not even close to Palestine like we are. So we wanted to support them. We felt ashamed [in comparison].”
“This protest was started by a group of non-Palestinians who wanted and were galvanised to do something on campus after they saw what was happening around the world,” said Mr Tayyar, who is also vice president of the Palestinian Cultural Club.
Staging divestment rallies on Lebanese campuses carries less urgency than in the rest of the world because Lebanon's national boycott law already prevents direct economic co-operation with Israel, Mr Tayyar explained. Still, he said, appealing for financial transparency from the university is a fair demand given the murky nature of the globalised economy, where thousands of interlinked companies and conglomerates could have ties to Israel.
“If there any ties or investments with Israel-related companies or companies that support Israel, we want to know,” he said. “And if there are, we need to divest.”
It remains too early to tell whether Lebanese universities like AUB will concede to student demands. The National contacted AUB for comment but did not receive a response.
The anonymous student who spoke to The National said students were already organising with the aim of further pressuring AUB into financial transparency and divestment. In the meantime, she said, they're communicating with organisers on US campuses “on how to maintain the momentum”.
For Palestinian students like Yumna Hamidi, a Media Studies student from Tulkarm in the West Bank who is in Lebanon on scholarship, the rallies are a message in and of themselves.
“I hope the university student movements will continue and that they will expand to other Arab countries and areas of the western world,” she said. “Because it might lead to a ceasefire and an end to the genocide in Gaza.
“It makes us feel as if we're not alone,” she said.
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SQUADS
South Africa:
Faf du Plessis (capt), Hashim Amla, Temba Bavuma, Farhaan Behardien, Quinton de Kock (wkt), AB de Villiers, JP Duminy, Imran Tahir, David Miller, Wayne Parnell, Dane Paterson, Andile Phehlukwayo, Dwaine Pretorius, Kagiso Rabada
Coach: Ottis Gibson
Bangladesh:
Mashrafe Mortaza (capt), Imrul Kayes, Liton Das (wkt), Mahmudullah, Mehidy Hasan, Mohammad Saifuddin, Mominul Haque, Mushfiqur Rahim (wkt), Mustafizur Rahman, Nasir Hossain, Rubel Hossain, Sabbir Rahman, Shakib Al Hasan, Soumya Sarkar, Tamim Iqbal, Taskin Ahmed.
Coach: Chandika Hathurusingha
How to register as a donor
1) Organ donors can register on the Hayat app, run by the Ministry of Health and Prevention
2) There are about 11,000 patients in the country in need of organ transplants
3) People must be over 21. Emiratis and residents can register.
4) The campaign uses the hashtag #donate_hope
Sustainable Development Goals
1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its effects
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development
Milestones on the road to union
1970
October 26: Bahrain withdraws from a proposal to create a federation of nine with the seven Trucial States and Qatar.
December: Ahmed Al Suwaidi visits New York to discuss potential UN membership.
1971
March 1: Alex Douglas Hume, Conservative foreign secretary confirms that Britain will leave the Gulf and “strongly supports” the creation of a Union of Arab Emirates.
July 12: Historic meeting at which Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid make a binding agreement to create what will become the UAE.
July 18: It is announced that the UAE will be formed from six emirates, with a proposed constitution signed. RAK is not yet part of the agreement.
August 6: The fifth anniversary of Sheikh Zayed becoming Ruler of Abu Dhabi, with official celebrations deferred until later in the year.
August 15: Bahrain becomes independent.
September 3: Qatar becomes independent.
November 23-25: Meeting with Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid and senior British officials to fix December 2 as date of creation of the UAE.
November 29: At 5.30pm Iranian forces seize the Greater and Lesser Tunbs by force.
November 30: Despite a power sharing agreement, Tehran takes full control of Abu Musa.
November 31: UK officials visit all six participating Emirates to formally end the Trucial States treaties
December 2: 11am, Dubai. New Supreme Council formally elects Sheikh Zayed as President. Treaty of Friendship signed with the UK. 11.30am. Flag raising ceremony at Union House and Al Manhal Palace in Abu Dhabi witnessed by Sheikh Khalifa, then Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi.
December 6: Arab League formally admits the UAE. The first British Ambassador presents his credentials to Sheikh Zayed.
December 9: UAE joins the United Nations.
Skoda Superb Specs
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Profile of Bitex UAE
Date of launch: November 2018
Founder: Monark Modi
Based: Business Bay, Dubai
Sector: Financial services
Size: Eight employees
Investors: Self-funded to date with $1m of personal savings
Islamophobia definition
A widely accepted definition was made by the All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims in 2019: “Islamophobia is rooted in racism and is a type of racism that targets expressions of Muslimness or perceived Muslimness.” It further defines it as “inciting hatred or violence against Muslims”.
Who's who in Yemen conflict
Houthis: Iran-backed rebels who occupy Sanaa and run unrecognised government
Yemeni government: Exiled government in Aden led by eight-member Presidential Leadership Council
Southern Transitional Council: Faction in Yemeni government that seeks autonomy for the south
Habrish 'rebels': Tribal-backed forces feuding with STC over control of oil in government territory
What is the FNC?
The Federal National Council is one of five federal authorities established by the UAE constitution. It held its first session on December 2, 1972, a year to the day after Federation.
It has 40 members, eight of whom are women. The members represent the UAE population through each of the emirates. Abu Dhabi and Dubai have eight members each, Sharjah and Ras al Khaimah six, and Ajman, Fujairah and Umm Al Quwain have four.
They bring Emirati issues to the council for debate and put those concerns to ministers summoned for questioning.
The FNC’s main functions include passing, amending or rejecting federal draft laws, discussing international treaties and agreements, and offering recommendations on general subjects raised during sessions.
Federal draft laws must first pass through the FNC for recommendations when members can amend the laws to suit the needs of citizens. The draft laws are then forwarded to the Cabinet for consideration and approval.
Since 2006, half of the members have been elected by UAE citizens to serve four-year terms and the other half are appointed by the Ruler’s Courts of the seven emirates.
In the 2015 elections, 78 of the 252 candidates were women. Women also represented 48 per cent of all voters and 67 per cent of the voters were under the age of 40.
Ipaf in numbers
Established: 2008
Prize money: $50,000 (Dh183,650) for winners and $10,000 for those on the shortlist.
Winning novels: 13
Shortlisted novels: 66
Longlisted novels: 111
Total number of novels submitted: 1,780
Novels translated internationally: 66