US regulator outlines list of proposed fixes for Boeing's grounded 737 Max

The Federal Aviation Administration has given the public up to 45 days to comment on the changes

A Boeing 737 Max jet comes in to land at a Boeing air field after a test flight in June in Seattle. AP

The US aviation regulator has proposed an extensive list of fixes for Boeing’s 737 Max to address safety issues that arose after two crashes led to the jet being grounded for 15 months.

The Federal Aviation Administration issued an airworthiness directive that called for four main design changes to the aircraft, it said in a 36-page report on Monday evening.

These include installing updated flight control software, revising display-processing software to generate alerts, revising certain flight crew operating procedures and changing the routing of some electrical wiring.

A fleet of Boeing 737 Max aircraft stored in an area adjacent to Boeing Field, on June 27, 2019 in Seattle, Washington. Getty Images

Lawyer Frank Pitre of Cotchett, Pitre & McCarthy, LLP discusses details of a lawsuit filed on behalf of the family of Samya Stumo, who was killed in the crash of Ethiopian Airlines flight on April 4, 2019, in Chicago, Illinois. Getty Images

Investigators examine engine parts from the ill-fated Lion Air flight JT 610 at a port in Jakarta on November 7, 2018, after they were recovered from the bottom of the Java sea. AFP

Indonesia's National Transportation Safety Committee investigator Nurcahyo Utomo, left, briefs journalists during a press conference on the final report of the Lion Air flight 610 crash, in Jakarta on October 25, 2019. AFP

Members of a rescue team carry the flight data recorder, part of the Lion Air flight JT 610's black box, after it was recovered from the Java Sea, at Jakarta port on November 1, 2018. AFP

Family members of those who died aboard Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 hold photographs of their loved ones as Dennis Muilenburg, President and chief executive of the Boeing Company, and John Hamilton, Vice President and Chief Engineer of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, testify before the Senate Commerce on October 29, 2019 in Washington DC. Getty Images

A relative of a victim of the Lion Air flight JT 610 is given assistance as she grieves during a visit to the site of the crash in the Java Sea on an Indonesian Navy vessel off the coast of Karawang in West Java on November 6, 2018. AFP

Relatives with family members on board the Lion Air flight JT 610 interact with airline staff and officials as they await information on their loved ones in Pangkal Pinang airport, in Bangka Belitung province on October 29, 2018. AFP

Getachew Tessema, right, father of Ethiopian Airlines flight 302 captain Yared Getachew, unveils a plaque during a commemoration ceremony held by the Airline Pilots' Association of Ethiopia on the first anniversary of the Ethiopian Airlines flight 302 crash in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on March 10, 2020. AFP

Nadia Milleron, the mother of Samya Stumo who was killed in the crash of Ethiopian Airlines flight 302, reacts before an aviation subcommittee hearing on 'Status of the Boeing 737 Max: Stakeholder Perspectives', at the Capitol in Washington DC on June 19, 2019. AFP

Boeing 737 Max planes are stored on an employee car park near Boeing Field, on June 27, 2019 in Seattle, Washington. Getty Images

A pedestrian walks by the headquarters of the plane maker Boeing on January 29, 2020 in Chicago, Illinois. Boeing said costs associated with grounding the 737 Max aircraft were expected to exceed $18 billion. Getty Images

The agency gave the public 45 days to comment on the proposed changes.

"Through a thorough, transparent and inclusive process, the FAA has preliminarily determined that Boeing's proposed changes to the 737 Max design, flight crew procedures and maintenance procedures effectively mitigate the plane-related safety issues," the agency said in a 96-page summary of its review of the plane that it included with the proposal.

Responding to the FAA’s requirements, Boeing said it continues to “make steady progress towards the safe return [of the 737 Max] to service, working closely with the FAA and other global regulators”.

“While we still have a lot of work in front of us, this is an important milestone in the certification process,” the Chicago plane maker said.

The company’s shares rose by 2.73 per cent to $162.27 (Dh596) at the end of trading in New York on Monday.

The proposal is in line with the expectations of Boeing and industry analysts over the past few months.

US airlines operate a total of 73 Boeing 737 Max aircraft across the country and are expected to pay about $1.33 million for each plane to make the changes, according to FAA estimates.

The agency’s report is a comprehensive review of Boeing’s proposed changes to the plane’s Manoeuvring Characteristics Augmentation System, which was blamed for the two crashes.

The review took 18 months and involved more than 40 engineers, inspectors, pilots and technical support staff.

The FAA undertook more than 60,000 hours of review, certification testing and document evaluation.

This included about 50 hours of FAA flight or simulator tests and FAA analysis of more than 4,000 hours of company flight and simulator testing.

The US agency also proposed that operators of the plane should test the angle-of-attack sensor system, whose failures led to the two crashes, and perform operational readiness flights before the planes can return to service.

The design changes are intended to ensure that the system has several ways to prevent similar crashes in the future.

The FAA said it will also assess the impact of the proposed aircraft design changes on pilot training.

Flydubai, the only UAE airline with the 737 Max and one of the world’s biggest operators of the model, said it continues to work closely with the UAE’s General Civil Aviation Authority and Boeing.

“We recognise this is a unique and complex situation underpinned by safety and regulation,” a flydubai spokeswoman said.

“There are a number of procedural factors that our experienced teams are working through. We will follow the directives from our regulatory authority, and we will make any announcements once a decision has been made.”

The GCAA did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the FAA’s proposal.

We recognise this is a unique and complex situation underpinned by safety and regulation.

Meanwhile, Kuwaiti aircraft lessor Alafco on Tuesday said that it will halve its planned 737 Max purchases after it reached an agreement to end its legal claim against Boeing over the order.

Alafco will now buy 20 Boeing 737 Max aircraft, down from an original order of 40, with revised delivery dates, the company told Boursa Kuwait.

“Alafco’s order book of Boeing aircraft has now been reconfigured to align it with current market dynamics,” Alafco said.

The company did not disclose additional details due to confidentiality clauses under its commercial agreement, it said.

Alafco is "looking forward to a long lasting and mutually beneficial relationship with Boeing", it said in the filing.