Decentralised finance (DeFi) could be the most effective way to increase economic freedom, which in turn would accelerate the pace of innovation and improve the lives of billions of people, Bitcoin.com's chief executive has said.
DeFi – a system by which financial products become available on a public decentralised blockchain network – is open for anyone to use, rather than going through middlemen like banks or brokerages, and does not require proof of identity.
Adopting this can lead to a more inclusive economy, including promoting the ease of doing business, free trade with other nations, regulation of the labour force and stability of currencies.
"A decentralised and permission-less everything is the most effective way to help economic freedom. In places with more economic freedom, people have a higher standard of living and are happier," Roger Ver said at the Fantom Developer Conference in Abu Dhabi on Tuesday.
Evangelists of DeFi argue that it is a safer way of maintaining assets and conducting transactions, and it has been seen as a scenario of a world without banks.
The DeFi market owns only 5 per cent of the cryptocurrency space, but is growing. CoinGecko data shows that there was $93 billion worth of DeFi assets as of June 2021. As of Tuesday, it was up 66 per cent at $154.9bn.
However, Changpeng Zhao, the chief executive of the world's largest crypto exchange Binance, recently said that cryptocurrency regulatory frameworks could take "decades" to implement.
The International Monetary Fund, along with governments and other global organisations, said it is looking at both the risks and opportunities that digital currencies pose.
Countries with a higher standard of economic freedom enjoy several advantages, including a flexible market structure that attracts more investment, higher per-capita income, life expectancy and literacy, improved environmental protection, fewer wars and conflicts, higher self-reported happiness and less corruption and bribery.
In Heritage.org's 2021 Index of Economic Freedom, Singapore is ranked first with the UAE in 14th position. In a recent Brand Finance report, the Emirates came ahead of the US and UK as one of the "world's strongest nation brands".
The UAE offers its people more control and has a good track record. It is on track, if it hasn't been already, to be among the Tier-1 cities to lead humankind in the future
Roger Ver,
chief executive of Bitcoin.com
Starting a business would also be easier with DeFi, but Mr Ver advised to do it in a country that is "welcoming and friendly" to this sector, such as the UAE, which he says, has "rolled out the red carpet" for players in the space.
"The UAE offers its people more control and has a good track record. It is on track, if it hasn't been already, to be among the Tier-1 cities to lead humankind in the future," he said.
DeFi also offers higher returns, with interests "north of 10 per cent" compared to traditional lenders, he said. "I'm crypto-agnostic; anything that works for me is good so let's all work together towards more economic freedom."
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
