Russia's attacks on civilian infrastructure are adding to the economic crisis in Ukraine, where poverty has increased tenfold this year, a senior World Bank official said on Saturday.
Arup Banerji, World Bank regional country director for Eastern Europe, said Ukraine's rapid restoration of power supplies after this week's large-scale Russian attacks on facilities reflected the efficiency of the wartime system, but Russia's shift in tactics has increased risk.
"If this continues, the outlook is going to be much, much harder,” he said in an interview.
"As winter really starts biting … certainly by December or January, and if the houses are not repaired … there may be another internal wave of migration, of internally displaced persons.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy told international donors that Ukraine needed about $55 billion, including $38bn to cover next year's estimated budget deficit and $17bn to begin to rebuild critical infrastructure, including schools, housing and energy facilities.
Ukrainian officials said they need continued and reliable assistance to keep the government running and to begin repairs and reconstruction.
The response to Mr Zelenskyy's call, delivered during the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank and many other meetings over the past week, was encouraging, Mr Banerji said.
-
Smoke rises on the outskirts of the city during a Russian missile attack in Kyiv. Reuters -
Workers surround the Monument to the Heroes of the Heavenly Hundred with sandbags against damage from shelling in Mykolaiv. EPA -
Russian President Vladimir Putin welcomes Azerbaijan President Ilham Aliyev for talks before a meeting between the Russian president and the leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan in the Black Sea resort city of Sochi, Russia. AFP -
People take water from a water pump in Kyiv. EPA -
A woman walks past a damaged building in the town of Nova Kakhovka. Reuters -
A woman outside her home, which was destroyed during battles at the start of the conflict, in Yahidne, Chernihiv. Getty Images -
People shelter inside a subway station during a Russian missile attack in Kyiv. Reuters -
Firefighters at the site of a drone attack in Kyiv, Ukraine. AP -
A woman walks past the site of a Russian missile strike in the southern Ukrainian city of Mykolaiv. Reuters -
Rescuer workers at a building destroyed in an attack in Mykolaiv. Reuters -
Parts of a drone lie on a street in Kyiv. Reuters -
A drone flies over the Ukrainian capital during an attack. AFP -
Ukrainian servicemen tow a captured Russian armoured vehicle in Rudneve village, Kharkiv. EPA -
A partially destroyed residential building in Saltivka, in Kharkiv. AP -
Ukrainian servicemen fire a captured Russian howitzer on a front line near Kupyansk city, Kharkiv. EPA -
Ukrainian servicemen near the recently retaken town of Lyman in Donetsk region. AFP -
An officer from a Ukrainian national police emergency demining team prepares to detonate collected anti-tank mines and explosives near Lyman, in the Donetsk region. AFP -
A boy playing on a destroyed Russian tank on display in Kyiv. AFP -
A young couple hiding underground during an air alert in Zaporizhzhia. AFP -
Ukrainian firefighters looking for survivors after a strike in Zaporizhzhia. AFP -
Workers fix a banner reading 'Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson - Russia!' to the State Historical Museum near Red Square in Moscow. AFP -
Residents try to cross a destroyed bridge in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine. AFP -
Alyona Kishinskaya helps to clean up a shop as it prepares to reopen in Balakiya, Ukraine, after a six-month Russian occupation. Getty Images -
Alla, 12, has a swinging time in Balakiya, Ukraine, as life goes on despite the war. Getty Images -
Ukrainian flags in the town square in Balakiya. Getty Images -
A destroyed Russian command centre in Izium, Ukraine. Getty Images -
In what may be a final farewell, young Russian recruits - escorted by their wives - walk to a train station in Volgograd before being sent to war in Ukraine. AP -
Russian recruits board the train to Ukraine in Volgograd. AP -
Ukrainian soliders drive a tank at the recently retaken eastern side of the Oskil River in Kharkiv region, Ukraine. AFP -
Volunteers pass boxes of food aid on a destroyed bridge over the Oskil River. AFP -
Ukrainian soliders rest on an armoured personnel carrier. AFP -
A sign warns of landmines in Izyum, eastern Ukraine. AFP -
This crater was left after a missile strike in the Donetsk region of Ukraine. AFP
"Most countries indicated that they would be supporting Ukraine financially over the next year, and so that is a very positive outcome,” he said.
Twenty-five per cent of the population would be living in poverty by the end of the year, up from just over 2 per cent before the war, he said, and the number could rise to as high as 55 per cent by the end of next year.
Unanimous selection of Ukrainian Finance Minister Serhiy Marchenko to the rotating chairmanship of the boards of governors of both institutions in 2023 was also a testament of support for Ukraine, Mr Banerji said.
IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva this week said Ukraine's international partners had already committed $35bn in grant and loan financing for Ukraine in 2022, but its financing needs would remain "very large” in 2023.
IMF staff will meet Ukrainian authorities in Vienna next week to discuss Ukraine's budget plans and a new IMF monitoring instrument, which should pave the way for a full-fledged IMF programme once conditions allow, Ms Georgieva said.
Mr Banerji said Ukraine had already pared its budget plans back to a bare minimum, with funds for salaries and pensions, military expenses and servicing domestic debt.
The budget included $700m for capital expenditure, a fraction of the $349bn in reconstruction costs recently estimated by the World Bank.
If Ukraine failed to get sufficient support, it would either have to print more money at a time when inflation was already in the low 20 per cent range, or further cut social spending, he said.
