A Closer Look: The energy transformation lighting up west Africa


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A Closer Look is The National's show where we take an in-depth look at one of the main stories of the week.

Africa's energy transformation is under way but it has not been an easy road.

Despite a number of globally backed initiatives making progress on the continent, some smaller countries are still struggling to power homes.

Host Sarah Forster speaks to The National's reporter Nick Webster, who travelled to Togo and Sierra Leone to see how the energy landscape is changing for people there.

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Sierra Leone's Tombo fishing community: in pictures

  • With increased competition in the fishing community of Tombo, Sierra Leone, the amount of fish available for catch appears to be declining. Nick Webster / The National
    With increased competition in the fishing community of Tombo, Sierra Leone, the amount of fish available for catch appears to be declining. Nick Webster / The National
  • In the football-loving West African nation, the fishing boats are often adorned with the badge of the captain’s favourite team, in this case Manchester United. Andy Scott / The National
    In the football-loving West African nation, the fishing boats are often adorned with the badge of the captain’s favourite team, in this case Manchester United. Andy Scott / The National
  • Refuse collection services are poor in the nearby capital Freetown and rubbish washes up on to the beaches of Tombo. Andy Scott / The National
    Refuse collection services are poor in the nearby capital Freetown and rubbish washes up on to the beaches of Tombo. Andy Scott / The National
  • A Tombo market trader prepares a marinade for fish caught in the morning’s haul to sell at her restaurant. Andy Scott / The National
    A Tombo market trader prepares a marinade for fish caught in the morning’s haul to sell at her restaurant. Andy Scott / The National
  • Suliaman Kamara has been fishing for 20 years along the coastline of Tombo. Andy Scott / The National
    Suliaman Kamara has been fishing for 20 years along the coastline of Tombo. Andy Scott / The National
  • Mr Kamara in the coastal town on the outskirts of Freetown, where the livelihoods of fisherman are at risk. Andy Scott / The National
    Mr Kamara in the coastal town on the outskirts of Freetown, where the livelihoods of fisherman are at risk. Andy Scott / The National
  • Plastic and discarded fishing nets from huge industrial trawlers have become the scourge of fisherman, damaging ecosystems and fish stocks. Andy Scott / The National
    Plastic and discarded fishing nets from huge industrial trawlers have become the scourge of fisherman, damaging ecosystems and fish stocks. Andy Scott / The National
  • Margaret Daboh and Modu Nyamawa, two visitors to Tombo, are told to cover their heads by the largely Muslim population of fishermen, otherwise they fear it will bring them bad luck when they are at sea. Andy Scott / The National
    Margaret Daboh and Modu Nyamawa, two visitors to Tombo, are told to cover their heads by the largely Muslim population of fishermen, otherwise they fear it will bring them bad luck when they are at sea. Andy Scott / The National
  • Two young women who live in Tombo's fishing community. Andy Scott / The National
    Two young women who live in Tombo's fishing community. Andy Scott / The National
  • It costs about $500 to build a fishing boat from hardwood trees felled from the western peninsula of Sierra Leone’s coastal region. Andy Scott / The National
    It costs about $500 to build a fishing boat from hardwood trees felled from the western peninsula of Sierra Leone’s coastal region. Andy Scott / The National
  • Children help to gather boat building materials, to be put together by their fathers and uncles. Andy Scott / The National
    Children help to gather boat building materials, to be put together by their fathers and uncles. Andy Scott / The National
  • It can take up to six weeks to build a boat from scratch. Most last around a decade. Andy Scott / The National
    It can take up to six weeks to build a boat from scratch. Most last around a decade. Andy Scott / The National
  • Spices, fruit, vegetables and clothes are sold from stalls in Tombo market. Nick Webster / The National
    Spices, fruit, vegetables and clothes are sold from stalls in Tombo market. Nick Webster / The National
  • Families live together in ramshackle huts close to the shoreline made from wood and corrugated metal. Andy Scott / The National
    Families live together in ramshackle huts close to the shoreline made from wood and corrugated metal. Andy Scott / The National
  • Mothers, sisters and wives wait anxiously for the fishermen to return from sea. Often, the catch is a fraction of the size caught a few years ago. Andy Scott / The National
    Mothers, sisters and wives wait anxiously for the fishermen to return from sea. Often, the catch is a fraction of the size caught a few years ago. Andy Scott / The National
  • Fishing nets are expensive and time-consuming to make. The entire community lends a hand to ensure the fisherman have the best chance of bringing home a valuable catch. Andy Scott / The National
    Fishing nets are expensive and time-consuming to make. The entire community lends a hand to ensure the fisherman have the best chance of bringing home a valuable catch. Andy Scott / The National
  • The bustling town of Tombo prepares for another busy day. Andy Scott / The National
    The bustling town of Tombo prepares for another busy day. Andy Scott / The National
  • About 100 fishing boats go to sea from the village. Andy Scott / The National
    About 100 fishing boats go to sea from the village. Andy Scott / The National
  • The fishermen blame industrial fishing tankers from China and Korea, often trawling miles out at sea, for reduced fish stocks in Sierra Leone. Nick Webster / The National
    The fishermen blame industrial fishing tankers from China and Korea, often trawling miles out at sea, for reduced fish stocks in Sierra Leone. Nick Webster / The National
  • Another boat adorned in the colours of the skipper’s favourite team - this time Paris St Germain. Nick Webster / The National
    Another boat adorned in the colours of the skipper’s favourite team - this time Paris St Germain. Nick Webster / The National
  • Fresh barracuda caught hours earlier are prepared for sale at Tombo market. Nick Webster / The National
    Fresh barracuda caught hours earlier are prepared for sale at Tombo market. Nick Webster / The National
  • Mangoes are not in short supply in this corner of West Africa, as this young boy tucks into the rich fruit. Nick Webster / The National
    Mangoes are not in short supply in this corner of West Africa, as this young boy tucks into the rich fruit. Nick Webster / The National
  • Fish may be becoming harder to come by, but this woman still has enough to sell in the morning sun. Nick Webster / The National
    Fish may be becoming harder to come by, but this woman still has enough to sell in the morning sun. Nick Webster / The National
  • Fishing boats set off at first light and return hours later, their crews untangling and repairing the nets ready for the following morning. Nick Webster / The National
    Fishing boats set off at first light and return hours later, their crews untangling and repairing the nets ready for the following morning. Nick Webster / The National
  • The boathouse where hulls of fishing vessels begin life. Nick Webster / The National
    The boathouse where hulls of fishing vessels begin life. Nick Webster / The National
  • Washing drying on a damaged fishing boat. Nick Webster / The National
    Washing drying on a damaged fishing boat. Nick Webster / The National
  • These girls may be too young to join the community’s fishing boats, but they help by untangling and repairing snagged nets. Nick Webster / The National
    These girls may be too young to join the community’s fishing boats, but they help by untangling and repairing snagged nets. Nick Webster / The National
  • A father and son building a boat. Nick Webster / The National
    A father and son building a boat. Nick Webster / The National
  • The painstaking work of repairing damaged nets. Nick Webster / The National
    The painstaking work of repairing damaged nets. Nick Webster / The National
  • Children wait to see what has been brought in by the fishermen. Nick Webster / The National
    Children wait to see what has been brought in by the fishermen. Nick Webster / The National
The five pillars of Islam
In numbers: China in Dubai

The number of Chinese people living in Dubai: An estimated 200,000

Number of Chinese people in International City: Almost 50,000

Daily visitors to Dragon Mart in 2018/19: 120,000

Daily visitors to Dragon Mart in 2010: 20,000

Percentage increase in visitors in eight years: 500 per cent

Most sought after workplace benefits in the UAE
  • Flexible work arrangements
  • Pension support
  • Mental well-being assistance
  • Insurance coverage for optical, dental, alternative medicine, cancer screening
  • Financial well-being incentives 
Sustainable Development Goals

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere

2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation

10. Reduce inequality  within and among countries

11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its effects

14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development

Cricket World Cup League 2

UAE squad

Rahul Chopra (captain), Aayan Afzal Khan, Ali Naseer, Aryansh Sharma, Basil Hameed, Dhruv Parashar, Junaid Siddique, Muhammad Farooq, Muhammad Jawadullah, Muhammad Waseem, Omid Rahman, Rahul Bhatia, Tanish Suri, Vishnu Sukumaran, Vriitya Aravind

Fixtures

Friday, November 1 – Oman v UAE
Sunday, November 3 – UAE v Netherlands
Thursday, November 7 – UAE v Oman
Saturday, November 9 – Netherlands v UAE

Who's who in Yemen conflict

Houthis: Iran-backed rebels who occupy Sanaa and run unrecognised government

Yemeni government: Exiled government in Aden led by eight-member Presidential Leadership Council

Southern Transitional Council: Faction in Yemeni government that seeks autonomy for the south

Habrish 'rebels': Tribal-backed forces feuding with STC over control of oil in government territory

The specs: 2018 GMC Terrain

Price, base / as tested: Dh94,600 / Dh159,700

Engine: 2.0-litre turbocharged four-cylinder

Power: 252hp @ 5,500rpm

Torque: 353Nm @ 2,500rpm

Transmission: Nine-speed automatic

Fuel consumption, combined: 7.4L  / 100km

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Company%C2%A0profile
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The five pillars of Islam

1. Fasting 

2. Prayer 

3. Hajj 

4. Shahada 

5. Zakat 

Timeline

2012-2015

The company offers payments/bribes to win key contracts in the Middle East

May 2017

The UK SFO officially opens investigation into Petrofac’s use of agents, corruption, and potential bribery to secure contracts

September 2021

Petrofac pleads guilty to seven counts of failing to prevent bribery under the UK Bribery Act

October 2021

Court fines Petrofac £77 million for bribery. Former executive receives a two-year suspended sentence 

December 2024

Petrofac enters into comprehensive restructuring to strengthen the financial position of the group

May 2025

The High Court of England and Wales approves the company’s restructuring plan

July 2025

The Court of Appeal issues a judgment challenging parts of the restructuring plan

August 2025

Petrofac issues a business update to execute the restructuring and confirms it will appeal the Court of Appeal decision

October 2025

Petrofac loses a major TenneT offshore wind contract worth €13 billion. Holding company files for administration in the UK. Petrofac delisted from the London Stock Exchange

November 2025

180 Petrofac employees laid off in the UAE

Updated: March 06, 2024, 8:07 AM
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