US President Donald Trump bowed to pressure from US businesses and concerns over the economic fallout of his trade war with China, delaying the imposition of new tariffs on a wide variety of consumer products including toys and laptops until December.
Tuesday’s move to at least hit the pause button in his fight with China came as senior officials on both sides had their first phone conversation since Mr Trump threatened the tariffs at the beginning of this month. It also cheered markets that had been growing increasingly concerned over the impact of trade tensions on a slowing global economy. US stocks halted a two-day slide and Asian equities climbed.
Mr Trump said the latest conversation with China had been “productive” and that “they would really like to make a deal”. Although he has often denied his tariffs have any impact on consumer prices and insists their cost is being borne by China, he also said the delay had been made “so it won’t be relevant to the Christmas shopping season”.
The move announced Tuesday involved the splitting of an almost $300 billion (Dh1.1 trillion) list of products from China into two separate ones. Lots of agricultural products, antiques, clothes, kitchenware and footwear remained on the list to be hit September 1 - with a total value of more than $110bn, according to a Bloomberg News analysis of last year’s import figures. But big-ticket categories such as smart-phones, laptops, and children’s toys - worth about $160bn - would only be subject to tariffs after Dec.ember15, according to Tuesday’s announcement. Nearly $2bn worth of products were removed from the combined lists including bibles and shipping containers.
The delay “is an incrementally positive sign”, Goldman Sachs chief economist Jan Hatzius wrote in an note. “It suggests that the disruption in financial markets over the last several days could have led to a softening of the White House position.”
China’s commerce and foreign ministries didn’t immediately respond to faxes seeking comment.
While markets applauded the splitting of the new tariffs, some businesses expressed frustration with the sudden turnaround and the fact that they were once again being left to make important business decisions on the fly because of the president’s trade policies.
“It’s too late and it’s not enough,” said Peter Bragdon, chief administrative for Columbia Sportswear. “There’s continued chaotic policy making and incoherence coming out of Washington that makes it very hard for businesses in the United States to plan.”
Columbia still has products including footwear such as waterproof hiking boots that would be hit with a 10 per cent tariff come next month. While only 10 to 15 per cent of Columbia’s products were made in China, production of specialised footwear was difficult to move, Mr Bragdon said, and the company had already warned customers it would be forced to raise some of its prices.
In some cases the splitting of the tariffs will make life more complicated for retailers and other businesses. Some categories of golf shoes, for example, will be subject to a 10 per cent tariff on September 1 while others will not be targeted until December 15. Apple’s iPhones will not face new import taxes until mid-December. But the popular wireless Airpods that go with them will be taxed in September.
Stocks surged on the news Tuesday. Apple spiked as much as 5.8 per cent and Best Buy climbed as much as 11 per cent on optimism that the reprieve would boost electronics sales in the holiday season. Apparel retailers including Gap and L Brands rose, as did toymaker Hasbro and discount chain Dollar Tree.
“What this means is that retailers will be able to get their shipments in without the 10 per cent tariff, which is a sigh of relief,” said Poonam Goyal, a retail analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence. “It definitely saves the holiday season.”
With the September 1 deadline, there wasn’t time for retailers to speed up ordering for the holiday season because it often takes more than four weeks for inventory to come from China, Mr Goyal said.
About $250bon of Chinese goods have already been hit by 25 per cent duties.
David French, a spokesman for the National Retail Federation, said the organisation was pleased by the delay on certain consumer goods but expressed caution.
“Continued uncertainty for US businesses and consumers is a drag on the economy,” he said. “What we really need is an effective strategy to address China’s unfair trade practices by working with our allies instead of using unilateral tariffs that cost American jobs and hurt consumers.”
Chinese vice premier Liu He talked with US trade representative Robert Lighthizer and Treasury secretary Steven Mnuchin by phone on Tuesday, Chinese and US officials said. Another conference call is planned again in two weeks. It’s still unclear if an in-person meeting would take place sometime in September.
But whether the two sides had made any progress was unclear and some analysts saw Tuesday’s move to delay some tariffs as a sign of Mr Trump’s political vulnerabilities at home as much as an olive branch to China.
“It shows the increasing chaos of the administration’s trade strategy toward China. And despite the president’s claims, it’s the clearest sign yet that Trump actually does understand that the tariffs are hurting American companies and consumers,” said Edward Alden, a trade expert at the Council on Foreign Relations. “It will also further weaken the already slim chances for any negotiating progress in September. Why would the Chinese make difficult decisions if they can wait out Trump and wait for him to fold when the stock market sags?”
Scott Kennedy, a China expert at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, said there was still a danger of further escalation, especially around the tech sector. “But much of this is just keeping up appearances for a strategy that hasn’t succeeded,” he said. “That does not mean that the US and China are likely to reach a trade deal, but rather that the relationship will be stuck in this purgatory for the remainder of the current administration.”
The International Monetary Fund last month cited trade tensions as one of the biggest risks to the global economy as it downgraded its 2019 growth forecast, while Goldman Sachs has said there’s growing concerns that the trade war will trigger a US recession. A Bloomberg News August survey of economists gave a 35 per cent probability of a recession in the next 12 months, up from 31 per cent previously.
Mr Trump’s August 1 announcement about the new duties ended a tentative trade truce that he forged with Chinese President Xi Jinping at the end of June in Japan, just as the two sides were resuming negotiations. In the past week tensions have escalated further as the US Treasury Department formally labelled China a currency manipulator.
