Claire Danes and Mandy Patinkin star as CIA agents trying to uncover a terrorist plot in Homeland. Courtesy Showtime
Claire Danes and Mandy Patinkin star as CIA agents trying to uncover a terrorist plot in Homeland. Courtesy Showtime

Is Homeland Islamophobic?



Previously, on Homeland: an incredibly satisfying first season in which the rules of prime time US action drama appeared not to apply.

Given that there was a radical Islamic terrorist plot for the CIA to break apart, it seemed remarkable that the person charged with carrying it out was US Marine Sergeant Nicholas Brody, appalled by what he witnessed after a US drone strike in Iraq. The audience was invited to empathise with his situation as he found a crutch in Islam, even if Brody's attempts at prayers in his garage were laughably pronounced.

This was genuinely thoughtful stuff, particularly when a key character in the terrorist plot was another white American, Aileen Morgan. There was nuance - at long last a recognition, it seemed, of the complexities of modern-day terrorism and the agendas of the people who fight it. Homeland wasn't telling its broadly western audience that it was wholly "us versus them", "them" being the usual roll call of dastardly Arab characters so brilliantly described in Jack Shaheen's book and documentary Reel Bad Arabs as either "bombers, belly dancers or billionaires".

Then, in the second series, which began on OSN last week, the hard work is undone. I have watched the entire season, and it would be spoiling matters to reveal too much. But the heart sinks when the CIA officer Carrie, a character whom Claire Danes has previously imbued with encouraging understanding concerning the Arab world, begins chasing a suspect for no other reason than "he is a Muslim".

Granted, it's a line spoken in a moment of high stress for Carrie and she turns out to be misguided. But it seemed to sum up a series that has steadily simplified its portrayal of the Arab world, sparking debate about whether Homeland is Islamophobic.

Some of the criticism comes from the clear inaccuracies, such as Brody making a big play of burying his copy of the Quran because it has simply touched the floor and therefore been "desecrated". Setting last week's episode in Beirut but filming it in Tel Aviv was also problematic, and not just in terms of leaving Hebrew adverts in shot; every show has anachronisms like that. It was portraying the rather cosmopolitan Hamra Street as a seething hotbed of extremism, which exasperated the Lebanese government to the point where it threatened legal action.

"[It] damages the image of Lebanon - it is not fair to us and it's not true," said Fady Abboud, the minister of tourism, in Executive magazine.

But the slippage in Homeland's writing goes further than individual scenes into characterisation the Arab-American actor and comedian Maysoon Zayid.

"The parts Arabs get in American dramas are terrorist characters on the whole, and, despite what it promised, Homeland has done little to change that," she says. "It's the pinnacle of the negative Arab stereotype to the point where I find it almost unwatchable, although I do find it hilarious that the main character happens to be a white American. It's basically saying that we are nefarious and anyone who comes into contact with us will betray their people."

Many, of course, would argue that Homeland is merely a piece of entertainment based in a world that has witnessed instances of "Islamic" terrorism. There are also a smattering of roles that provide a more positive representation of Islam.

Damian Lewis, who plays Brody, told Radio Times last year that a provocative scene concerning Islam was cut, and the co-creator Alex Gansa has been at pains to point out that Brody's conversion should not be linked to terrorist ideals. So there is a semblance of sensitivity at play - indeed, it becomes clear that the people who are really, insidiously corrupt are those who would govern the United States. By that rationale, when it comes to the portrayal of the Arab world, Homeland is not inherently Islamophobic as much as plain sloppy.

But when the show asks its viewers to believe it is set in some kind of reality (there are mentions of Osama bin Laden, after all) it's surely not asking too much for there to be one major Muslim character who isn't hell-bent on destroying the US.

Perhaps that will have to wait until season three.

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Milestones on the road to union

1970

October 26: Bahrain withdraws from a proposal to create a federation of nine with the seven Trucial States and Qatar. 

December: Ahmed Al Suwaidi visits New York to discuss potential UN membership.

1971

March 1:  Alex Douglas Hume, Conservative foreign secretary confirms that Britain will leave the Gulf and “strongly supports” the creation of a Union of Arab Emirates.

July 12: Historic meeting at which Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid make a binding agreement to create what will become the UAE.

July 18: It is announced that the UAE will be formed from six emirates, with a proposed constitution signed. RAK is not yet part of the agreement.

August 6:  The fifth anniversary of Sheikh Zayed becoming Ruler of Abu Dhabi, with official celebrations deferred until later in the year.

August 15: Bahrain becomes independent.

September 3: Qatar becomes independent.

November 23-25: Meeting with Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid and senior British officials to fix December 2 as date of creation of the UAE.

November 29:  At 5.30pm Iranian forces seize the Greater and Lesser Tunbs by force.

November 30: Despite  a power sharing agreement, Tehran takes full control of Abu Musa. 

November 31: UK officials visit all six participating Emirates to formally end the Trucial States treaties

December 2: 11am, Dubai. New Supreme Council formally elects Sheikh Zayed as President. Treaty of Friendship signed with the UK. 11.30am. Flag raising ceremony at Union House and Al Manhal Palace in Abu Dhabi witnessed by Sheikh Khalifa, then Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi.

December 6: Arab League formally admits the UAE. The first British Ambassador presents his credentials to Sheikh Zayed.

December 9: UAE joins the United Nations.

How do Sim card scams work?

Sim swap frauds are a form of identity theft.

They involve criminals conning mobile phone operators into issuing them with replacement Sim cards by claiming to be the victim, often pretending their phone has been lost or stolen in order to secure a new Sim.

They use the victim's personal details - obtained through criminal methods - to convince such companies of their identity.

The criminal can then access any online service that requires security codes to be sent to a user's mobile phone, such as banking services.

Dengue fever symptoms
  • High fever
  • Intense pain behind your eyes
  • Severe headache
  • Muscle and joint pains
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Swollen glands
  • Rash

If symptoms occur, they usually last for two-seven days

Essentials

The flights
Emirates, Etihad and Malaysia Airlines all fly direct from the UAE to Kuala Lumpur and on to Penang from about Dh2,300 return, including taxes. 
 

Where to stay
In Kuala Lumpur, Element is a recently opened, futuristic hotel high up in a Norman Foster-designed skyscraper. Rooms cost from Dh400 per night, including taxes. Hotel Stripes, also in KL, is a great value design hotel, with an infinity rooftop pool. Rooms cost from Dh310, including taxes. 


In Penang, Ren i Tang is a boutique b&b in what was once an ancient Chinese Medicine Hall in the centre of Little India. Rooms cost from Dh220, including taxes.
23 Love Lane in Penang is a luxury boutique heritage hotel in a converted mansion, with private tropical gardens. Rooms cost from Dh400, including taxes. 
In Langkawi, Temple Tree is a unique architectural villa hotel consisting of antique houses from all across Malaysia. Rooms cost from Dh350, including taxes.