Since prime minister Narendra Modi took office, part of his approach to India’s ever-present problem of Kashmiri nationalism and militancy has involved massive investment in infrastructure. But Kashmiris think the solution lies in dialogue, not in roads and bridges.
Last week, Mr Modi inaugurated a 37.2-billion-rupee (Dh2.11bn) highway tunnel – India’s longest, at nearly 11 kilometres – between the towns of Udhampur and Ramban in the state of Jammu & Kashmir. The tunnel and other projects like it would, he said, hopefully diminish unrest and lead to more jobs and tourism.
The tunnel bores through difficult terrain at an altitude of 1,200 metres, and it slashes the commute between Jammu and Srinagar by 30 kilometres.
“While on the one hand youth in Kashmir were busy pelting stones, on the other some youth were breaking stones to carve out this tunnel,” Mr Modi said. He was referring to protests in Kashmir last summer, which followed the killing of a popular militant by Indian troops.
Those protests were brutally suppressed by security forces. Eighty-four civilians died, and more than 12,000 civilians and troops were injured.
One thread of conventional wisdom in India believes that such unrest is the result of a barren economic landscape. Provide sufficient jobs and opportunities, the thinking goes, and the youth will leave behind their militancy or calls for independence.
The highway tunnel itself is an older project, begun in 2011. But in 2015, during a trip to Jammu & Kashmir, Mr Modi announced a package worth 800bn rupees for the state, intended primarily to build infrastructure.
The projects to be funded by the package include: ring roads around Jammu and Srinagar; the Zojila Pass Tunnel, which will ensure a year-round connection to the high plateau of Ladakh; an expansion of the state’s highways; a rail link connecting Kashmir to the main Indian railway network, which includes the highest bridge in the world, nearly 360 metres over the Chenab river; six hydro-power projects at a cost of 971bn rupees.
Apart from stimulating the economy and enabling industries to function better, the infrastructure projects are intended to strengthen the Kashmir valley’s connection to the rest of India. During severe winters, the valley is dependent on India for many supplies, particularly food.
But Kashmiris view these projects as insufficient at best and malign at worst.
The direct rail link, for instance, will function “as an iron chain that will forcefully hold Kashmir within Indian rule”, said Fahad Shah, the founder-editor of The Kashmir Walla, one of the state’s most outspoken magazines.
“The train … also helps to transport thousands of troops in less time to Kashmir, with enhanced security,” Mr Shah told The National. “As we’ve seen, convoy vehicles come under attack, a train may not as easily.”
Bringing Kashmir within the Indian economic fold in this manner, and thus boosting the claim that the streams of visitors to Kashmir indicates a peaceful valley, is to subvert the Kashmiri nationalist movement, Mr Shah said.
“Mentally, Kashmiris are always looking for and demanding a political solution to the dispute,” he said, referring to the contestations of independence and increased autonomy. The protests last year were, he said, “a big example” of these demands.
Peerzada Irshad, the head of Kashmir University’s political science department, acknowledged that the state – and the Kashmir valley in particular – needed development.
“India does need to address the problems of Kashmiri youth,” Dr Irshad said. “We need more medical and engineering colleges, we need stadiums for sports, we need industries that can absorb graduates and give them jobs.”
Ever since India became in 1947, Dr Irshad said, its successive governments have consciously avoided enabling industries in Kashmir, concerned about security risks or about a successful secession.
“It’s true that without infrastructure, this kind of support of the youth cannot happen,” he said. “So if the prime minister has inaugurated tunnels or medical colleges, it will not go in vain. It will all count somewhere.”
But Dr Irshad, like Mr Shah, emphasised that the problem of Kashmir was primarily a political problem, and it needed a political resolution.
“On that account, it seems that India is just ignoring it, or deferring it for some reason.”
The infrastructure projects, Dr Irshad said, would give India “a say in regional or national forums. They can say: ‘See what we’re doing for Kashmir. We’ve left no stone unturned. This should be counted in our favour.’”
“But the alienation of Kashmiris is deeper, and India has to engage them in conversation. That’s the only way to a lasting solution,” he said. “The more you defer it, the more it will rebound on you.”
ssubramanian@thenational.ae
Ireland v Denmark: The last two years
Denmark 1-1 Ireland
7/06/19, Euro 2020 qualifier
Denmark 0-0 Ireland
19/11/2018, Nations League
Ireland 0-0 Denmark
13/10/2018, Nations League
Ireland 1 Denmark 5
14/11/2017, World Cup qualifier
Denmark 0-0 Ireland
11/11/2017, World Cup qualifier
MATCH INFO
Burnley 1 (Brady 89')
Manchester City 4 (Jesus 24', 50', Rodri 68', Mahrez 87')
Director: Nag Ashwin
Starring: Prabhas, Saswata Chatterjee, Deepika Padukone, Amitabh Bachchan, Shobhana
Rating: ★★★★
Scoreline
Arsenal 0 Manchester City 3
- Agüero 18'
- Kompany 58'
- Silva 65'
Herc's Adventures
Developer: Big Ape Productions
Publisher: LucasArts
Console: PlayStation 1 & 5, Sega Saturn
Rating: 4/5
Everton Fixtures
April 15 - Chelsea (A)
April 21 - N. Forest (H)
April 24 - Liverpool (H)
April 27 - Brentford (H)
May 3 - Luton Town (A)
May 11 - Sheff Utd (H)
May 19 - Arsenal (A)
The Kingfisher Secret
Anonymous, Penguin Books
Company Profile
Company name: Namara
Started: June 2022
Founder: Mohammed Alnamara
Based: Dubai
Sector: Microfinance
Current number of staff: 16
Investment stage: Series A
Investors: Family offices
Fight Night
FIGHT NIGHT
Four title fights:
Amir Khan v Billy Dib - WBC International title
Hughie Fury v Samuel Peter - Heavyweight co-main event
Dave Penalosa v Lerato Dlamini - WBC Silver title
Prince Patel v Michell Banquiz - IBO World title
Six undercard bouts:
Michael Hennessy Jr v Abdul Julaidan Fatah
Amandeep Singh v Shakhobidin Zoirov
Zuhayr Al Qahtani v Farhad Hazratzada
Lolito Sonsona v Isack Junior
Rodrigo Caraballo v Sajid Abid
Ali Kiydin v Hemi Ahio
Company profile
Name: Steppi
Founders: Joe Franklin and Milos Savic
Launched: February 2020
Size: 10,000 users by the end of July and a goal of 200,000 users by the end of the year
Employees: Five
Based: Jumeirah Lakes Towers, Dubai
Financing stage: Two seed rounds – the first sourced from angel investors and the founders' personal savings
Second round raised Dh720,000 from silent investors in June this year
EMIRATES'S REVISED A350 DEPLOYMENT SCHEDULE
Edinburgh: November 4 (unchanged)
Bahrain: November 15 (from September 15); second daily service from January 1
Kuwait: November 15 (from September 16)
Mumbai: January 1 (from October 27)
Ahmedabad: January 1 (from October 27)
Colombo: January 2 (from January 1)
Muscat: March 1 (from December 1)
Lyon: March 1 (from December 1)
Bologna: March 1 (from December 1)
Source: Emirates
Company Profile
Company name: Hoopla
Date started: March 2023
Founder: Jacqueline Perrottet
Based: Dubai
Number of staff: 10
Investment stage: Pre-seed
Investment required: $500,000
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Ballon d’Or shortlists
Men
Sadio Mane (Senegal/Liverpool), Sergio Aguero (Aregentina/Manchester City), Frenkie de Jong (Netherlans/Barcelona), Hugo Lloris (France/Tottenham), Dusan Tadic (Serbia/Ajax), Kylian Mbappe (France/PSG), Trent Alexander-Arnold (England/Liverpool), Donny van de Beek (Netherlands/Ajax), Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang (Gabon/Arsenal), Marc-Andre ter Stegen (Germany/Barcelona), Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal/Juventus), Alisson (Brazil/Liverpool), Matthijs de Ligt (Netherlands/Juventus), Karim Benzema (France/Real Madrid), Georginio Wijnaldum (Netherlands/Liverpool), Virgil van Dijk (Netherlands/Liverpool), Bernardo Silva (Portugal/Manchester City), Son Heung-min (South Korea/Tottenham), Robert Lewandowski (Poland/Bayern Munich), Roberto Firmino (Brazil/Liverpool), Lionel Messi (Argentina/Barcelona), Riyad Mahrez (Algeria/Manchester City), Kevin De Bruyne (Belgium/Manchester City), Kalidou Koulibaly (Senegal/Napoli), Antoine Griezmann (France/Barcelona), Mohamed Salah (Egypt/Liverpool), Eden Hazard (BEL/Real Madrid), Marquinhos (Brazil/Paris-SG), Raheem Sterling (Eengland/Manchester City), Joao Félix(Portugal/Atletico Madrid)
Women
Sam Kerr (Austria/Chelsea), Ellen White (England/Manchester City), Nilla Fischer (Sweden/Linkopings), Amandine Henry (France/Lyon), Lucy Bronze(England/Lyon), Alex Morgan (USA/Orlando Pride), Vivianne Miedema (Netherlands/Arsenal), Dzsenifer Marozsan (Germany/Lyon), Pernille Harder (Denmark/Wolfsburg), Sarah Bouhaddi (France/Lyon), Megan Rapinoe (USA/Reign FC), Lieke Martens (Netherlands/Barcelona), Sari van Veenendal (Netherlands/Atletico Madrid), Wendie Renard (France/Lyon), Rose Lavelle(USA/Washington Spirit), Marta (Brazil/Orlando Pride), Ada Hegerberg (Norway/Lyon), Kosovare Asllani (Sweden/CD Tacon), Sofia Jakobsson (Sweden/CD Tacon), Tobin Heath (USA/Portland Thorns)
COMPANY PROFILE
Name: SmartCrowd
Started: 2018
Founder: Siddiq Farid and Musfique Ahmed
Based: Dubai
Sector: FinTech / PropTech
Initial investment: $650,000
Current number of staff: 35
Investment stage: Series A
Investors: Various institutional investors and notable angel investors (500 MENA, Shurooq, Mada, Seedstar, Tricap)
The specs
Engine: 3.0-litre six-cylinder turbo (BMW B58)
Power: 340hp at 6,500rpm
Torque: 500Nm from 1,600-4,500rpm
Transmission: ZF 8-speed auto
0-100kph: 4.2sec
Top speed: 267kph
On sale: Now
Price: From Dh462,189
Warranty: 30-month/48,000k
Yemen's Bahais and the charges they often face
The Baha'i faith was made known in Yemen in the 19th century, first introduced by an Iranian man named Ali Muhammad Al Shirazi, considered the Herald of the Baha'i faith in 1844.
The Baha'i faith has had a growing number of followers in recent years despite persecution in Yemen and Iran.
Today, some 2,000 Baha'is reside in Yemen, according to Insaf.
"The 24 defendants represented by the House of Justice, which has intelligence outfits from the uS and the UK working to carry out an espionage scheme in Yemen under the guise of religion.. aimed to impant and found the Bahai sect on Yemeni soil by bringing foreign Bahais from abroad and homing them in Yemen," the charge sheet said.
Baha'Ullah, the founder of the Bahai faith, was exiled by the Ottoman Empire in 1868 from Iran to what is now Israel. Now, the Bahai faith's highest governing body, known as the Universal House of Justice, is based in the Israeli city of Haifa, which the Bahais turn towards during prayer.
The Houthis cite this as collective "evidence" of Bahai "links" to Israel - which the Houthis consider their enemy.
The specs: 2018 Nissan Altima
Price, base / as tested: Dh78,000 / Dh97,650
Engine: 2.5-litre in-line four-cylinder
Power: 182hp @ 6,000rpm
Torque: 244Nm @ 4,000rpm
Transmission: Continuously variable tranmission
Fuel consumption, combined: 7.6L / 100km
Fifa Club World Cup:
When: December 6-16
Where: Games to take place at Zayed Sports City in Abu Dhabi and Hazza bin Zayed Stadium in Al Ain
Defending champions: Real Madrid
The schedule
December 5 - 23: Shooting competition, Al Dhafra Shooting Club
December 9 - 24: Handicrafts competition, from 4pm until 10pm, Heritage Souq
December 11 - 20: Dates competition, from 4pm
December 12 - 20: Sour milk competition
December 13: Falcon beauty competition
December 14 and 20: Saluki races
December 15: Arabian horse races, from 4pm
December 16 - 19: Falconry competition
December 18: Camel milk competition, from 7.30 - 9.30 am
December 20 and 21: Sheep beauty competition, from 10am
December 22: The best herd of 30 camels
Confirmed bouts (more to be added)
Cory Sandhagen v Umar Nurmagomedov
Nick Diaz v Vicente Luque
Michael Chiesa v Tony Ferguson
Deiveson Figueiredo v Marlon Vera
Mackenzie Dern v Loopy Godinez
Tickets for the August 3 Fight Night, held in partnership with the Department of Culture and Tourism Abu Dhabi, went on sale earlier this month, through www.etihadarena.ae and www.ticketmaster.ae.