Greece said it will take delivery of 18 French-made Rafale fighter jets next year, as part of a major drive to modernise its armed forces. AP.
Greece said it will take delivery of 18 French-made Rafale fighter jets next year, as part of a major drive to modernise its armed forces. AP.
Greece said it will take delivery of 18 French-made Rafale fighter jets next year, as part of a major drive to modernise its armed forces. AP.
Greece said it will take delivery of 18 French-made Rafale fighter jets next year, as part of a major drive to modernise its armed forces. AP.

Greece to boost military with 18 new French Rafale jets in 2021


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Greece on Tuesday said it would take delivery of 18 French-made Rafale fighter jets next year, as part of a major €11.5bn ($13.97bn) drive to modernise its armed forces amid tension with neighbour Turkey.

Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said the agreements would be finalised with the French government and defence contractor Dassault Aviation in the coming days, announcing the news in Parliament before a vote on the 2021 budget.

Annual spending on defence is being raised by more than a third in 2021 to €5.4bn, despite a deep recession caused by the pandemic this year.

Greece and fellow Nato member Turkey remain at odds over boundaries and undersea natural gas rights in the Eastern Mediterranean.

The dispute intensified this year and raised concerns among western allies of a military confrontation.

Two French-made Rafale fighter jets at Souda airbase on the island of Crete, Thursday, Aug. 13, 2020. AP
Two French-made Rafale fighter jets at Souda airbase on the island of Crete, Thursday, Aug. 13, 2020. AP

Details of Greece’s military overhaul were announced in the summer.

It includes a five-year programme that consists of weapons upgrades for all three branches of the armed forces and the hiring of 15,000 personnel.

The programme includes plans to buy new frigates, anti-submarine warfare helicopters and drones, and an upgrade of Greece’s entire fleet of F-16 jets by 2027 in partnership with US defence firm Lockheed Martin.

Greece has forged closer military ties with traditional allies France and the US, and expanded collaboration with Israel, Egypt and other countries in the region.

Military spending was cut back during a major financial crisis that started more than a decade ago but Greece is again facing acute financial problems because of the pandemic.

Legislators approved the budget later on Tuesday by 158-148 votes.

Budget figures show the country is expected to have a 10.5 per cent contraction in its gross domestic product this year, before registering 4.8 per cent growth in 2021.

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The specs: Rolls-Royce Cullinan

Price, base: Dh1 million (estimate)

Engine: 6.75-litre twin-turbo V12

Transmission: Eight-speed automatic

Power: 563hp @ 5,000rpm

Torque: 850Nm @ 1,600rpm

Fuel economy, combined: 15L / 100km

The specs: Aston Martin DB11 V8 vs Ferrari GTC4Lusso T

Price, base: Dh840,000; Dh120,000

Engine: 4.0L V8 twin-turbo; 3.9L V8 turbo

Transmission: Eight-speed automatic; seven-speed automatic

Power: 509hp @ 6,000rpm; 601hp @ 7,500rpm

Torque: 695Nm @ 2,000rpm; 760Nm @ 3,000rpm

Fuel economy, combined: 9.9L / 100km; 11.6L / 100km

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Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.

9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services

Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations. 

10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

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