Survivors of the 2015 massacre at the Bataclan concert hall in Paris have told a trial that they "played dead" for hours to avoid being shot.
A total of 130 people were killed in synchronised suicide bombings and shootings at venues across Paris on the night of November 13, including 90 fans watching US band Eagles of Death Metal at the Bataclan.
Twenty people are on trial over the bloodshed, including the sole surviving member of the ISIS cell behind the attacks, Salah Abdeslam. Most face life sentences if convicted.
The court on Wednesday heard the harrowing accounts of some who survived the more than two-hour attack at the Bataclan.
Irmine, 55, was the first to take the stand. Her friend Fabian was among the first to be shot dead when three attackers burst into the venue and opened fire with automatic weapons.
Irmine said she heard one of the assailants, who had "a rather high-pitched, almost child-like voice, shouting 'France has no business being in Syria', and then 'I'll kill the first person who moves'."
She said she was lying on the floor in the dark and "wanted the ground to swallow me up".
After "maybe half an hour", Irmine said she heard the Bataclan's security chief order everyone to "leave quickly, they're reloading their weapons".
On the way out, she saw Fabian lying on the ground, recognisable only by "his raincoat, his legs and his shoes".
Irmine said she tried in vain to drag his body out of the theatre. She escaped with minor injuries.
"I was very lucky, the bullets just grazed my chest," she said.
Helen, 49, an American, testified about losing "the love of my life", British boyfriend Nick Alexander.
When the shooting began, Nick, who was selling merchandise for Eagles of Death Metal, "grabs me, throws me to the ground and saves my life". But he was shot.
"We hold each other's hands and I tell him, 'I love you, I'm not leaving you'," Helen said.
After another salvo was fired, she felt a burning sensation in her legs and asked Nick if he had been hit too. He had.
"He starts telling me 'I'm struggling to breathe', and then 'I can no longer breathe'."
"I take him in my arms and realise that we are lying in a pool of blood," Helen said, sobbing.
Jean-Marc, 40, had just slipped out of the concert to smoke a cigarette when he found himself face-to-face with the gunmen.
"I saw people around me hit by the bullets," he told the court, in a trembling voice. "Everyone started screaming and falling, either because they had been hit or were swept off their feet in the surge."
Jean-Marc also fell to the ground, where he remained for the next two hours.
With his face pressed to the floor, he could not see the rest of the horror unfold, but he could see the feet of one of the gunmen near by.
"I felt the bullet casings fall on my head," Jean-Marc said. "We were completely powerless, not knowing whether we were going to be the next ones to take a bullet or not.
"It's so inhuman. The aim was to leave permanent scars."
Cedric, 41, said he also played dead while the horror unfolded.
"I tried to melt into the floor," the former delivery driver said. "They were shooting at us like rabbits, whenever a phone rang or someone called out for help."
Cedric's right leg was crushed in the crowd, leaving him unable to run to this day.
He told of his struggle with "survivor's guilt" and with the images that continue to haunt him.
On the map of the concert hall shown on a big screen, he pointed to various sites that remain etched in his memory.
They included the spot where a person lay dying while looking him straight in the eye, and another where a person was drowning in their own blood.
Addressing Abdeslam and the other defendants in the dock, he asked: "You gentlemen who have waged [terrorist acts], have you seen people die staring you in the eye?
"You attacked us but we are innocent and unarmed. You are angry with a state, but why are you angry with us?"
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Dwight Brooks (USA) bt Alex Nacfur (BRA)
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Your rights as an employee
The government has taken an increasingly tough line against companies that fail to pay employees on time. Three years ago, the Cabinet passed a decree allowing the government to halt the granting of work permits to companies with wage backlogs.
The new measures passed by the Cabinet in 2016 were an update to the Wage Protection System, which is in place to track whether a company pays its employees on time or not.
If wages are 10 days late, the new measures kick in and the company is alerted it is in breach of labour rules. If wages remain unpaid for a total of 16 days, the authorities can cancel work permits, effectively shutting off operations. Fines of up to Dh5,000 per unpaid employee follow after 60 days.
Despite those measures, late payments remain an issue, particularly in the construction sector. Smaller contractors, such as electrical, plumbing and fit-out businesses, often blame the bigger companies that hire them for wages being late.
The authorities have urged employees to report their companies at the labour ministry or Tawafuq service centres — there are 15 in Abu Dhabi.
TOUCH RULES
Touch is derived from rugby league. Teams consist of up to 14 players with a maximum of six on the field at any time.
Teams can make as many substitutions as they want during the 40 minute matches.
Similar to rugby league, the attacking team has six attempts - or touches - before possession changes over.
A touch is any contact between the player with the ball and a defender, and must be with minimum force.
After a touch the player performs a “roll-ball” - similar to the play-the-ball in league - stepping over or rolling the ball between the feet.
At the roll-ball, the defenders have to retreat a minimum of five metres.
A touchdown is scored when an attacking player places the ball on or over the score-line.
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Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
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He entered parliament in 2014 and served as a member of the human rights and finance committees until 2017. In August last year he was appointed governor of Anbar, a role in which he has struggled to secure funding to provide services in the war-damaged province and to secure the withdrawal of Shia militias. He relinquished the post when he was sworn in as a member of parliament on September 3.
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He maintains good relations with former Prime Minister Nouri Al Maliki’s State of Law Coaliton, Hadi Al Amiri’s Badr Organisation and Iranian officials.
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