Photo essay: Africa's Danakil Depression - one of the harshest places on Earth

There are acidic ponds, active-lava lakes and temperatures that surpass 50ºC, but the hardy Afar people call it home

Local guides take hardy visitors to the dry lava field of Erta Ale volcano, in the Danakil Depression of the Afar region. All photos: AFP

In the heart of the Horn of Africa, the Danakil Depression is one of the hottest, most inhospitable place on Earth

The Afar people are nomadic and keep camels to help survive in the hostile terrains

The hydrothermal system of Dallol

The area, including around Lake Afrera, is rich with salt mines

Many of those who live in the area are Muslim, with Ramadan prayers taking place in the middle of the salt lake Karum

Prayers next to a salt canyon, near Dallol

Camels can reach the top of Erta Ale

Tourists at the volcano's lava fields

The active lava caldera of Erta Ale

The Erta Ale volcano's lava lake

Guides support themselves and their families by running tours around the volcano

The Danakil Depression, situated in the heart of the Horn of Africa, is one of the hottest and most inhospitable regions on Earth. Spanning north-eastern Ethiopia and partially extending into Eritrea, it is known for its rugged terrain and extreme temperatures.

Often regarded as one of the hottest places globally in terms of year-round average temperatures, the region commonly experiences temperatures around 34ºC, with occasional peaks surpassing 50ºC. Additionally, it ranks among the lowest points on the planet not submerged in water, with much of its territory lying approximately 100 metres below sea level.

It is notable for its active volcanic activity with prominent volcanoes including Erta Ale, which is distinguished as one of the few volcanoes worldwide with an active lava lake. Additionally, the area also has acidic ponds, geysers and the remarkable Dallol crater, characterised by its surreal colours.

The primary inhabitants of the Danakil Depression are the Afar people, a nomadic tribe who have adapted to the harsh environment. Living a simple and modest lifestyle, they travel the terrain with small herds of camels, goats and sheep. Their livelihood revolves around salt mining, utilising the expansive salt flats in the region. They trade salt for other goods or sell it for profit, using camel caravans to transport their goods to markets in Ethiopia.

Despite the challenging environment, visitors can explore the Danakil Depression through organised tour groups led by experienced local guides.