Egypt's Sinai is at a crossroads. The peninsula, particularly its northern reaches, is showing the strains from decades of economic neglect by the former regime. With security worsening, there are now legitimate fears the Sinai is destined to become one of the region's most explosive flash points.
Incidents of hostage taking for ransom - including this week's capture (and swift release) of 25 Chinese workers - are increasingly common in the security vacuum left by the downfall of the previous regime. But the root cause of these challenges are decades of failed economic policies. Stability depends on ameliorating these grievances.
Rampant corruption during the former regime created bottlenecks that impeded investment in the north, unlike in southern Sinai. Projects that were underway, like the tiraa (irrigation canals), were suspended for years. They can and must be restarted.
So too must efforts be made to remove legal impediments so indigenous farmers can support themselves, something the Mubarak regime discouraged. Land ownership disputes, and imprisonment for illegal drilling of water wells, has put many farmers out of business - and forced others into drug trafficking and other illicit forms of making money. Attacks in the more prosperous area of southern Sinai can be attributed to a widespread sense of injustice on the part of northerners.
For decades the Bedouin have also been left out of the region's mineral and tourism industries. The newly-elected parliament, with a sense of urgency, must address these fundamental problems as a step towards restoring calm.
These are of course long-term solutions; there may be a need for more immediate fixes. While Egypt's 33-year-old peace treaty with Israel limits troops numbers in the region it does allow for exceptions. Egyptian police alone do not appear up to the task.
Ultimately, Sinai's problems require economic reforms that only politicians can deliver. In this, Cairo's track record is abysmal.
Former governments - from Sadat to Mubarak - talked about developing the peninsula, building rail and transportation systems and reforming land ownership rules. Rarely did they deliver.
Egypt's newest leaders can ill afford to follow in their footsteps.
Small Things Like These
Director: Tim Mielants
Cast: Cillian Murphy, Emily Watson, Eileen Walsh
Rating: 4/5
The Africa Institute 101
Housed on the same site as the original Africa Hall, which first hosted an Arab-African Symposium in 1976, the newly renovated building will be home to a think tank and postgraduate studies hub (it will offer master’s and PhD programmes). The centre will focus on both the historical and contemporary links between Africa and the Gulf, and will serve as a meeting place for conferences, symposia, lectures, film screenings, plays, musical performances and more. In fact, today it is hosting a symposium – 5-plus-1: Rethinking Abstraction that will look at the six decades of Frank Bowling’s career, as well as those of his contemporaries that invested social, cultural and personal meaning into abstraction.
Veil (Object Lessons)
Rafia Zakaria
Bloomsbury Academic
Forced Deportations
While the Lebanese government has deported a number of refugees back to Syria since 2011, the latest round is the first en-mass campaign of its kind, say the Access Center for Human Rights, a non-governmental organization which monitors the conditions of Syrian refugees in Lebanon.
“In the past, the Lebanese General Security was responsible for the forced deportation operations of refugees, after forcing them to sign papers stating that they wished to return to Syria of their own free will. Now, the Lebanese army, specifically military intelligence, is responsible for the security operation,” said Mohammad Hasan, head of ACHR.
In just the first four months of 2023 the number of forced deportations is nearly double that of the entirety of 2022.
Since the beginning of 2023, ACHR has reported 407 forced deportations – 200 of which occurred in April alone.
In comparison, just 154 people were forcfully deported in 2022.
Violence
Instances of violence against Syrian refugees are not uncommon.
Just last month, security camera footage of men violently attacking and stabbing an employee at a mini-market went viral. The store’s employees had engaged in a verbal altercation with the men who had come to enforce an order to shutter shops, following the announcement of a municipal curfew for Syrian refugees.
“They thought they were Syrian,” said the mayor of the Nahr el Bared municipality, Charbel Bou Raad, of the attackers.
It later emerged the beaten employees were Lebanese. But the video was an exemplary instance of violence at a time when anti-Syrian rhetoric is particularly heated as Lebanese politicians call for the return of Syrian refugees to Syria.
RESULTS
5pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 1,600m
Winner: Omania, Saif Al Balushi (jockey), Ibrahim Al Hadhrami (trainer)
5.30pm: Conditions (PA) Dh85,000 1,600m
Winner: Brehaan, Richard Mullen, Ana Mendez
6pm: Handicap (TB) Dh100,000 1,600m
Winner: Craving, Connor Beasley, Simon Crisford
6.30pm: The President’s Cup Prep (PA) Dh100,000 2,200m
Winner: Rmmas, Tadhg O’Shea, Jean de Roualle
7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup (PA) Dh70,000 1,200m
Winner: Dahess D’Arabie, Connor Beasley, Helal Al Alawi
7.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 1,400m
Winner: Fertile De Croate, Sam Hitchcott, Ibrahim Aseel
Four motivational quotes from Alicia's Dubai talk
“The only thing we need is to know that we have faith. Faith and hope in our own dreams. The belief that, when we keep going we’re going to find our way. That’s all we got.”
“Sometimes we try so hard to keep things inside. We try so hard to pretend it’s not really bothering us. In some ways, that hurts us more. You don’t realise how dishonest you are with yourself sometimes, but I realised that if I spoke it, I could let it go.”
“One good thing is to know you’re not the only one going through it. You’re not the only one trying to find your way, trying to find yourself, trying to find amazing energy, trying to find a light. Show all of yourself. Show every nuance. All of your magic. All of your colours. Be true to that. You can be unafraid.”
“It’s time to stop holding back. It’s time to do it on your terms. It’s time to shine in the most unbelievable way. It’s time to let go of negativity and find your tribe, find those people that lift you up, because everybody else is just in your way.”