Developing diabetes at a younger age increases the risk of dementia, new research suggests.
Research findings indicate that preventing progression from pre-diabetes to a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes could mean a substantial reduction in future dementia cases, experts say.
Pre-diabetes is a condition where blood sugar is high but has not yet crossed the threshold for Type 2 diabetes.
It is linked with a high risk of progression to diabetes but is also independently associated with other changes in health.
Most people who develop diabetes first pass through pre-diabetes.
Among middle-aged adults with pre-diabetes, between 5 per cent and 10 per cent a year go on to develop Type 2 diabetes, with 70 per cent of those with pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes, the researchers say.
Research suggests that up to one third of the UK population may have pre-diabetes.
To look at the risk of dementia associated with pre-diabetes, the authors analysed data from people of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study in the US.
According to the study there was a three times greater risk of dementia for those developing Type 2 diabetes before the age of 60.
This fell to a 73 per cent increased risk for those developing the condition aged 60-69 and a 23 per cent increased risk for those developing it at 70-79.
Foods that help to tackle diabetes - in pictures
The findings, published in Diabetologia, suggest that at ages 80 or older, developing diabetes was not associated with an increased risk of dementia.
“Our results suggest that aggressively managing pre-diabetes may be an important way to reduce dementia risk,” study co-author Dr Michael Fang, of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, told The National.
“This is incredibly valuable given the large number of people with pre-diabetes around the world.
“Pre-diabetes currently impacts nearly 500 million adults, and this number is only set to increase."
The study by PhD student Jiaqi Hu and Prof Elizabeth Selvin of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg school in the US, and colleagues, evaluated the association of pre-diabetes with dementia risk before and after accounting for the later development of Type 2 diabetes.
Among 11,656 people without diabetes to begin with, 2,330 (20 per cent) had pre-diabetes.
When accounting for diabetes that developed after the baseline period, the researchers found no statistically significant association between pre-diabetes and dementia.
But they found that earlier ages of progression to Type 2 diabetes had the strongest link with dementia.
“Diabetes prevention remains a major challenge across the world and more research is needed to understand how to effectively implement preventive policies and programmes,” Dr Fang said.
The Book of Collateral Damage
Sinan Antoon
(Yale University Press)
How to increase your savings
- Have a plan for your savings.
- Decide on your emergency fund target and once that's achieved, assign your savings to another financial goal such as saving for a house or investing for retirement.
- Decide on a financial goal that is important to you and put your savings to work for you.
- It's important to have a purpose for your savings as it helps to keep you motivated to continue while also reducing the temptation to spend your savings.
- Carol Glynn, founder of Conscious Finance Coaching
Milestones on the road to union
1970
October 26: Bahrain withdraws from a proposal to create a federation of nine with the seven Trucial States and Qatar.
December: Ahmed Al Suwaidi visits New York to discuss potential UN membership.
1971
March 1: Alex Douglas Hume, Conservative foreign secretary confirms that Britain will leave the Gulf and “strongly supports” the creation of a Union of Arab Emirates.
July 12: Historic meeting at which Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid make a binding agreement to create what will become the UAE.
July 18: It is announced that the UAE will be formed from six emirates, with a proposed constitution signed. RAK is not yet part of the agreement.
August 6: The fifth anniversary of Sheikh Zayed becoming Ruler of Abu Dhabi, with official celebrations deferred until later in the year.
August 15: Bahrain becomes independent.
September 3: Qatar becomes independent.
November 23-25: Meeting with Sheikh Zayed and Sheikh Rashid and senior British officials to fix December 2 as date of creation of the UAE.
November 29: At 5.30pm Iranian forces seize the Greater and Lesser Tunbs by force.
November 30: Despite a power sharing agreement, Tehran takes full control of Abu Musa.
November 31: UK officials visit all six participating Emirates to formally end the Trucial States treaties
December 2: 11am, Dubai. New Supreme Council formally elects Sheikh Zayed as President. Treaty of Friendship signed with the UK. 11.30am. Flag raising ceremony at Union House and Al Manhal Palace in Abu Dhabi witnessed by Sheikh Khalifa, then Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi.
December 6: Arab League formally admits the UAE. The first British Ambassador presents his credentials to Sheikh Zayed.
December 9: UAE joins the United Nations.
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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Classification of skills
A worker is categorised as skilled by the MOHRE based on nine levels given in the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) issued by the International Labour Organisation.
A skilled worker would be someone at a professional level (levels 1 – 5) which includes managers, professionals, technicians and associate professionals, clerical support workers, and service and sales workers.
The worker must also have an attested educational certificate higher than secondary or an equivalent certification, and earn a monthly salary of at least Dh4,000.
Asia Cup Qualifier
Final
UAE v Hong Kong
TV:
Live on OSN Cricket HD. Coverage starts at 5.30am
The President's Cake
Director: Hasan Hadi
Starring: Baneen Ahmad Nayyef, Waheed Thabet Khreibat, Sajad Mohamad Qasem
Rating: 4/5
If you go
Flying
Despite the extreme distance, flying to Fairbanks is relatively simple, requiring just one transfer in Seattle, which can be reached directly from Dubai with Emirates for Dh6,800 return.
Touring
Gondwana Ecotours’ seven-day Polar Bear Adventure starts in Fairbanks in central Alaska before visiting Kaktovik and Utqiarvik on the North Slope. Polar bear viewing is highly likely in Kaktovik, with up to five two-hour boat tours included. Prices start from Dh11,500 per person, with all local flights, meals and accommodation included; gondwanaecotours.com
Key products and UAE prices
iPhone XS
With a 5.8-inch screen, it will be an advance version of the iPhone X. It will be dual sim and comes with better battery life, a faster processor and better camera. A new gold colour will be available.
Price: Dh4,229
iPhone XS Max
It is expected to be a grander version of the iPhone X with a 6.5-inch screen; an inch bigger than the screen of the iPhone 8 Plus.
Price: Dh4,649
iPhone XR
A low-cost version of the iPhone X with a 6.1-inch screen, it is expected to attract mass attention. According to industry experts, it is likely to have aluminium edges instead of stainless steel.
Price: Dh3,179
Apple Watch Series 4
More comprehensive health device with edge-to-edge displays that are more than 30 per cent bigger than displays on current models.
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Tamkeen's offering
- Option 1: 70% in year 1, 50% in year 2, 30% in year 3
- Option 2: 50% across three years
- Option 3: 30% across five years
Business Insights
- Canada and Mexico are significant energy suppliers to the US, providing the majority of oil and natural gas imports
- The introduction of tariffs could hinder the US's clean energy initiatives by raising input costs for materials like nickel
- US domestic suppliers might benefit from higher prices, but overall oil consumption is expected to decrease due to elevated costs
Maestro
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MATCH INFO
Aston Villa 1 (Konsa 63')
Sheffield United 0
Red card: Jon Egan (Sheffield United)