Worldwide arms trade has risen to its highest level since the Cold War in the past five years, driven by a demand from the Middle East and Asia, a study said on Monday.
“Transfer of major weapons in 2012-16 reached their highest volume for any five-year period since the end of” the Cold War, said the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (Sipri).
The share of countries in the Middle East and the Arabian Gulf jumped from 17 per cent to 29 per cent, far ahead of Europe (11 per cent, down seven points), the Americas (8.6 per cent, down 2.4 percentage points) and Africa (8.1 per cent, down 1.3 points).
“Over the past five years, most states in the Middle East have turned primarily to the USA and Europe in their accelerated pursuit of advanced military capabilities”, said Pieter Wezeman, a senior researcher with the Sipri arms and military expenditure programme.
“Despite low oil prices, countries in the region continued to order more weapons in 2016, perceiving them as crucial tools for dealing with conflicts and regional tensions,” he added.
Sipri said worldwide arms imports and exports over the past five years have reached a record level since 1950.
Saudi Arabia was the second-largest importer of weapons in the world (up 212 per cent), behind India, which unlike China, does not have a production at national level yet.
The United States remains the top weapons exporter with a 33 per cent market share (up 3 point), ahead of Russia (23 per cent, down 1 point), China (6.2 per cent, up 2.4 points) and France (6 per cent, down 0.9 points) passing Germany (5.6 per cent, down 3.8 points).
These five countries account for almost 75 per cent of global exports of heavy weapons.
France’s boost in the export ranking is a result of important contracts signed with Egypt, which acquired Mistral-style warships and Rafale combat aircraft.
Aude Fleurant, the head of the armaments programme at Sipri, said “competition is fierce among European producers” with France, Germany and Britain in the lead.
The US and France are the main weapons providers for the Middle East while Russia and China are the main exporters to Asia.
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* AFP
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