Graffiti boys who sparked Syria uprising brace for regime attack

Moawiya Sayasina, the Syrian activist who started scribbling anti-Assad slogans in 2011, sits next to a graffiti drawn on the wall of a schoolyard reading in Arabic "Your turn, Doctor", in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina walks past the rubble of destroyed buildings in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina sits among the rubble in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina sits holding a Kalashnikov assault rifle at a position fortified with sandbags near the frontline in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina sits with his comrades in a position fortified with sandbags near the frontline in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina plays football with other children in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

Moawiya Sayasina aims a Kalashnikov assault rifle through sandbags at a fortified position near the frontline in a rebel-held neighbourhood in the southern Syrian city of Daraa. Mohamad Abazeed / AFP

"Your turn, Doctor." Seven years after scribbling the anti-Assad slogan that sparked Syria's war, activists-turned-rebels Moawiya and Samer Sayasina are bracing themselves for a regime assault on their hometown Daraa.

They were just 15 when they and friends, inspired by the Arab uprisings they saw on television, daubed a groundbreaking message on one of the southern city's walls in the spring of 2011.

"We'd been following the protests in Egypt and Tunisia, and we saw them writing slogans on their walls like 'Freedom' and 'Down with the regime'," said Moawiya, now 23.

"We got a can of spray paint and we wrote 'Freedom. Down with the regime. Your turn, Doctor'," referring to President Bashar al-Assad, a trained ophthalmologist.

Within two days, security forces stormed their homes and detained the boys, who are unrelated but share a common family name.

"They tortured us to find out who had provoked us to write it," Moawiya said.

The teenagers' detention prompted a wave of angry protests demanding their release, in what many point to as the spark to Syria's nationwide uprising.

"I'm proud of what we did back then, but I never thought we'd get to this point, that the regime would destroy us like this. We thought we'd get rid of it," he said.

The words that sparked the revolution more than seven years ago are no longer visible today, covered up under a coat of black paint.

'All because of us'

Samer, also now 23, remembers emerging from detention in March 2011 to find his whole country in uproar against the government.

"We were in jail for about a month and 10 days. When we got out, we saw protests in Daraa and all over Syria," he said.

Violently smothered, the demonstrations evolved into a conflict that has since killed more than 350,000 people and thrown millions out of their homes.

"In the beginning, I was proud of being the reason for the revolution against oppression. But with all the killing, the displacement and the homelessness over the years, sometimes I feel guilty," said Samer.

"Those people who died or fled, all this destruction — it all happened because of us."

During the first months of protests, security forces rounded up dozens of people in Daraa, including 13-year-old Hamza Al Khatib.

After he was tortured to death, according to his family, he became one of the early symbols of the Damascus regime's brutal repression.

With protests melting into civil war and rebels seizing territory, Moawiya and Samer took up arms in 2013.

But the rebel movement has since fragmented and suffered a string of devastating blows, with the regime with Russian support retaking more than half the country.

Last month, the army regained full control of Damascus for the first time since 2012, and Bashar Al Assad has now turned to the cradle of the uprising against him.

In a recent interview, the president gave Daraa's rebels two options: negotiated withdrawal or full-fledged attack.

'Write it all'

But the young men who first demanded he step down remain determined to fight, as they once wrote, until the regime falls.

"The regime's threats of entering Daraa don't scare me," Moawiya said.

"Assad's regime may have weapons, but so do we. The only difference is he has warplanes and we have God Almighty."

He refuses any settlement for Daraa like those that have preceded it for the armed opposition to evacuate other parts of Syria.

"I'd prefer death to Bashar Al Assad's reconciliation," he said.

Going out on patrol, Moawiya swapped his civilian clothes for grey military-style trousers and a black sweater.

He moved between destroyed buildings with just sandals on his feet, a Kalashnikov in his hand and his eye trained on the horizon for any movement.

Moawiya and Samer lost many friends to the war, including classmates from school who became their cellmates in jail.

"We were a group of young guys," recalled Samer.

"Some are dead now. Some fled. Some are still fighting," he said, counting off friends who died in clashes in 2015 or subsequent bombing raids on Daraa.

Moawiya too struck a nostalgic tone.

"We grew up on revolution, on weapons and on fighting. We started to lose friends, to bury them with our own hands. We grew up on war and destruction," he said.

Despite the losses, he insisted: "My opinion of the revolution hasn't changed. For us, the revolution continues."

"When I get married and have a son, I'll tell him what happened to me. I'll teach him to write on the wall whenever he sees injustice — not to be afraid of anyone, and to write it all."