How AI can help produce a new crop of Emirati farmers

Exchange programmes planned with the Netherlands aim to sow interest in agriculture

Artificial intelligence systems to monitor plant health could draw more students to agricultural research. Photo: Wageningen University and Research

The UAE is taking a leaf out of the Netherlands' book in attempting to persuade young Emiratis to take up farming by using advanced technology – including artificial intelligence – to drum up interest in the agricultural sector.

UAE professors and government officials from the environment and education ministries recently met diplomats, private companies, farmers and academics in the Netherlands to discuss food security before Cop28, which will be held in Dubai this November.

The meetings were part of a series of dialogues to gain knowledge of how the Netherlands has retained its role as the world’s second-largest exporter of agricultural produce after the US.

Young people don’t want to be farmers anymore

Oscar Niezen,
senior adviser at Lentiz Education Group, Netherlands

During field visits, experts from the Netherlands explained how AI, using real-time analysis of data, can monitor crop health round-the-clock.

AI systems can also help improve the quality of a harvest and detect disease in plants, with sensors providing detailed information to increase efficiency, forecast temperatures and predict the yield.

Agriculture no longer ‘old fashioned’

Leo Marcelis, professor horticulture and product physiology at Wageningen University and Research in the Netherlands, said it was a struggle to capture the attention of young people.

“Students and young people are traditionally not so interested in agriculture because they think it’s old-fashioned,” he said.

“But when they see new technology, they say, ‘Wow, this is innovation.’

“The young take sustainability really seriously and it attracts them to come here to study.

UAE professors plan to set up winter school projects and exchange programmes with colleges in the Netherlands including Wageningen University. Photo: Wageningen University and Research

“With international collaboration we can ensure food is produced for people in the whole world in a sustainable way.”

Ranked among the world’s top agricultural research institutes, the university is known for cutting-edge studies and works with companies using greenhouses to employ technology to reduce water consumption and control the environment so crops can thrive.

Students have the option to study in applied agricultural science colleges or vocational schools that teach agricultural skills. Training and education is also available for farmers.

“We need to make farming attractive for young people. No farmers, no food,” said one poster at an education institute.

Change the perception of young people

Oscar Niezen, senior adviser for international projects with the Lentiz Education Group, said it was important that UAE students understand the quality of life farmers could have.

The group organises training programmes for international students in the Netherlands that run from a week to nine months.

Students visit farms for internships and work in greenhouses growing vegetables and flowers.

“They see the life of the grower is comfortable, cool even,” Mr Niezen said.'

Students at the Wageningen University & Research in the Netherlands are drawn to addressing food security challenges. Photo: Wageningen University & Research / Vincent Koperdraat

Technology used in greenhouses handled by university students in Wageningen University in the Netherlands is geared to promoting plant health and productivity. Photo: Wageningen University & Research / Vincent Koperdraat

A researcher at a laboratory in Wageningen University in the Netherlands that has delivered projects to save energy and reduce water consumption. Photo: Wageningen University & Research / Vincent Koperdraat

Fewer students are keen on taking agriculture as a profession worldwide and innovative research with sustainability as a focus can draw young people to farming. Photo: Wageningen University & Research / Vincent Koperdraat

UAE professors plan to set up winter school projects and exchange programmes with colleges in the Netherlands. Photo: Wageningen University & Research / Vincent Koperdraat

A visit by UAE government officials and academicians to the Netherlands on agriculture, technology and educational cooperation.

Controlling the temperature in a greenhouse, monitoring water supplied to plants improves the yield. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Real-time sensors and detailed data can improve the quality of a harvest and detect disease in plants. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Innovative technology in agriculture to boost farm productivity can raise interest in farming as a career option. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

A visit by UAE government officials to the Netherlands on agriculture, technology and educational cooperation is set to lead to exchange programmes, food security technology initiatives between both countries. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

A UAE delegation visits the Netherlands as part of ongoing partnerships to tackle water, food security and climate issues. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Winter school projects and exchange programmes with colleges in the Netherlands are being planned following an educational and research visit by UAE professors and government officials. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Netherlands is one of the world's biggest exporters of flowers. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Horticulture businesses in the Netherlands were hit with crippling bills after Russia restricted gas supplies in response to Western sanctions over its invasion of Ukraine. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

LED lights that change colour, more robust insulation of greenhouses recommended for years by research students in the Netherlands were finally implemented by agricultural companies when faced with rising bills due to the energy crisis. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

UAE academics are keen to collaborate with companies and universities in the Netherlands on robotics in agriculture. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

UAE government officials on a visit to the Netherlands as part of an ongoing dialogue on food security and educational cooperation. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Variable lighting, LED lights that change colour recommended by university research students in the Netherlands have cut energy usage and improved the health of plants and flowers. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

UAE government officials and university professors on field visits in the Netherlands ahead of Cop 28 to be hosted in the Emirates later this year. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

“They understand it’s not dirty. It’s good for young people to actually see this because for students all over the world, agriculture has a bad name.

“Young people don’t want to be farmers any more.

“But then they see how profitable it can be, that the grower has a nice car and house. Yes, he works hard but it’s a good job.

“The technology used in modern greenhouses can help change the perception of young people.

“When they see all this, it comes alive.”

Tech for the UAE

The UAE is aiming to become self-sufficient and produce fresh food locally.

Charbel Tarraf, chief of operations and development at the International Centre for Biosaline Agriculture, said that, to achieve this, a strategy was required to build vocational agricultural schools in the UAE to train young people.

The ICBA, based in Dubai, works with more than 50 countries, conducting crucial studies to improve the resilience of trees, irrigation efficiency and crop genome research.

“The UAE is at the start of its agricultural journey, the Netherlands is advanced and so we need to see how to learn from them,” he said.

“To have successful agriculture, you need manpower, human capital.”

He said sometimes in the Arab world, farmers are not as valued as they should be.

“But when you talk about entrepreneurship, technology that requires skill and bringing this to farms – that will definitely be an incentive for the young.”

Elke Neumann, a professor of plant nutrition in United Arab Emirates University's College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, said exchange programmes would build knowledge on both sides.

The UAEU in Al Ain is the only institute in the country that offers higher education programmes in horticulture, food sciences and agribusiness.

UAE citizens make up the majority of about 160 students in specialised agriculture programmes at the university.

“Most students join not because they don’t find anything else to study but because they are really truly interested in agriculture,” she said.

“More and more students are finding jobs in new private companies.”

A visit by UAE government officials and academicians to the Netherlands on agriculture, technology and educational co-operation. Photo: Rolf van Koppen

Over the past few years, the UAE has used technology to produce locally farmed salmon, berries and quinoa.

Vertical farms use a hydroponics system in which plants are grown in nutrient-rich water instead of soil.

Ms Neumann said the task before researchers was to develop unique systems to tackle harsh climate conditions.

“This requires confidence that we can find solutions specifically tailored to UAE requirements,” she said.

“We need intrinsically to do something for our country and not always modify a solution that is imported.

“We require a massive expansion of our agri-research capacity and it absolutely can be achieved.”

Disease detection

UAEU has joined forces with Khalifa University in Abu Dhabi to develop robotic technology for agriculture.

Irfan Hussain, assistant professor in Khalifa University’s mechanical department, is keen to use AI to guard against the spread of diseases in plants.

“This is the future and is much needed for the UAE,” he said.

“I do believe we can get the next generation excited because of the tech element and the promise of innovation.”

UAE government officials said changing the mindset of local farmers to embrace technology and training was the way forward.

“We are looking to further develop our agricultural sector in terms of local production,” said Ahlam Al Mannaei, an agricultural engineer with the Ministry of Climate Change and Environment.

“We will need more education and to develop strong communication with local farmers to shift from traditional farming to modern farms.”