Pep Montserrat for The National
Pep Montserrat for The National

Led by Al Jazeera, Arabic media come of age covering revolutions



Perhaps it was unintended, but two or three weeks ago, at the height of the protests that were gripping the great cities of Egypt, the director general of the BBC, Mark Thompson, appeared on the channel's flagship current affairs programme, Newsnight, in London as part of a debate on the future of newsgathering, and mentioned the BBC and Al Jazeera in the same sentence.
I was sufficiently taken aback at Al Jazeera's apparent coming of age at the highest reaches of the BBC that I forgot the context in which both channels got an equal mention. For those in the Middle East and beyond who have long appreciated the power and reach of the Arabic satellite channels, the reaction may be "so what?"
But for those of us who have lived and worked as journalists in Britain and the United States, and in my case for Al Jazeera in both countries, it is quite uplifting to see that a non-western channel has apparently "come of age" — or more likely can no longer be ignored.
The growing realisation that Middle Eastern audiences are less tempted by what the BBC or CNN have to offer is perhaps borne out by the decision of some western media companies to branch out - most notably Sky TV, in collaboration with the Abu Dhabi Media Investment Corp, to launch a new Arabic news channel next year.
The uprisings across North Africa and the continuing turmoil in parts of the Middle East have brought a renewed focus on who is reporting the news and how the news is being reported. By fairly common accord, most of the western networks were caught napping as the crisis in Tunisia began to unfold. It was to be a different case altogether with Egypt. CNN and the BBC as might be expected produced highly-polished reportage based on the work of their experienced journalists in the field. The BBC seemed to excel in some of the discussion programmes, in a way that CNN did not. But, and here is perhaps the reason for the great leap forward that we have witnessed over the past weeks, it fell to the free Middle East media to report on exactly what was happening on the street from Cairo to Tehran, and from Sana'a to Tripoli.
Arab journalists not only knew "the street", they broke a succession of stories before the western media even got close. Much of the western media were obliged to retreat to hotel rooftops. Speculative comment frequently gave way to the banal, as a seasoned BBC reporter offered the searing analysis that Hosni Mubarak wouldn't budge "because he is a stubborn old man" on at least three prime-time news bulletins.
Yet for Al Jazeera, which launched its English channel in 2005 with a particular eye on breaching the seemingly impenetrable wall of American parochialism, the turmoil across the region is finally making the channel be noticed in North America. A Doha-based spokesman for the channel told me: "It's been astounding the amount of positive recognition that we've been receiving in the US from journalists at mainstream outlets such as The New York Times, ABC News, MSNBC and others. We launched full-page ads in The New York Times and The Washington Post as well as an online campaign across the US. A large share of our internet viewing now comes from the US." This is an astonishing turnaround from the early days of Al Jazeera during the Bush administration.
According to a recent blog in Orgzine, "mainstream media covered the Egyptian unrest far more quickly and pervasively than they did with Tunisia - although Al Jazeera far surpassed US and UK news media in the quality of coverage. Their correspondents got outside the capital, interviewed a broader swathe of Egyptians and did a far better job of putting things in context, being less prone to attribute the uprisings to American-made technologies".
Still, there can be little doubt that these technologies have had a dramatic effect on the organisational ability of the mainly young demographic who have led the uprisings, as well as the ability of the state to track them. But where the new technologies have been key, it has been in supplying TV networks with a constant stream of mobile-phone video and Twitter feeds.
Wadah Khanfar, director general of the Al Jazeera network, acknowledges the extraordinary rise of "citizen journalism" across the Middle East. "Scores of citizens equipped with mobile phones, Twitter and Facebook have continued to feed us real-time images and updates from the streets. They, in effect, have become our reporters, sending pictures, videos and news to our newsrooms. At Al Jazeera we have taken the voices of the voiceless and have given them a place where they can be heard … We have been able to amplify the voices of the masses so that people across the world are able to hear the importance of their aspirations, hopes, and dreams as they struggle to define a new political reality for themselves."
Khanfar was clear on this, however: "We are not the tool of these revolutions and uprisings."
With a population of about 80 million and a median age of 24, Egypt has nearly four million Facebook users, representing about 5 per cent of the population. Facebook exploded in 2008 with the April 6 Youth protests and has doubled in the past year. Google, Facebook and YouTube are the three most-visited websites in Egypt and have been essential to digital activism in the region.
This has given rise to an immediacy and rawness that is lacking in so much of the non-western news coverage that has been coming from the Middle East. It has also meant that the Iranian government-owned Press TV has been able to make some strides among diaspora communities in English-speaking lands. But Press TV will always struggle to be taken seriously until its journalists are able to freely report some of the turmoil that has shaken Iran. Likewise, Al Arabiya, the third most-viewed satellite network in the Middle East, is fighting hard to dispel claims that its all-too-frequent technical breakdowns, which frequently left TV screens blank during the Egyptian uprising, could be deliberate.
Of course, some cynics might say that if the Middle East media can't report the news on their own doorsteps, there would be little point in it. Clearly, the picture is patchy, with some TV and newspapers freer than others to report. Clearly, too, some sections of the Middle East media have found themselves drawn into the conflicts they are trying to report.
Here is Khanfar again on the perils of being a reporter at the front line: "Three days ago one of our cameramen in Libya, Ali Hassan Aljaber, was shot and killed in an ambush by pro-Qaddafi forces. Previously, various governments have blocked our satellite TV broadcasts and our equipment has been destroyed or confiscated. Regardless, we have been committed to keeping a spotlight on these historic uprisings and revolutions that continue to shake the Arab world."
And all that as the perception grows that much of the western - especially US - media are increasingly parochial and not coming to terms with the cultural and media rise of the Middle East. The continued rise of Qatar, Dubai and Abu Dhabi as new global media hubs demonstrates how quickly power and influence can begin to shift.
Mark Seddon is a former UN correspondent for Al Jazeera English TV and a UK political commentator

If you go

Flying

Despite the extreme distance, flying to Fairbanks is relatively simple, requiring just one transfer in Seattle, which can be reached directly from Dubai with Emirates for Dh6,800 return.

 

Touring

Gondwana Ecotours’ seven-day Polar Bear Adventure starts in Fairbanks in central Alaska before visiting Kaktovik and Utqiarvik on the North Slope. Polar bear viewing is highly likely in Kaktovik, with up to five two-hour boat tours included. Prices start from Dh11,500 per person, with all local flights, meals and accommodation included; gondwanaecotours.com 

MATCH SCHEDULE

Uefa Champions League semi-final, first leg
Tuesday, April 24 (10.45pm)

Liverpool v Roma

Wednesday, April 25
Bayern Munich v Real Madrid (10.45pm)

Europa League semi-final, first leg
Thursday, April 26

Arsenal v Atletico Madrid (11.05pm)
Marseille v Salzburg (11.05pm)

The biog

Name: Capt Shadia Khasif

Position: Head of the Criminal Registration Department at Hatta police

Family: Five sons and three daughters

The first female investigator in Hatta.

Role Model: Father

She believes that there is a solution to every problem

 

Eyasses squad

Charlie Preston (captain) – goal shooter/ goalkeeper (Dubai College)

Arushi Holt (vice-captain) – wing defence / centre (Jumeriah English Speaking School)

Olivia Petricola (vice-captain) – centre / wing attack (Dubai English Speaking College)

Isabel Affley – goalkeeper / goal defence (Dubai English Speaking College)

Jemma Eley – goal attack / wing attack (Dubai College)

Alana Farrell-Morton – centre / wing / defence / wing attack (Nord Anglia International School)

Molly Fuller – goal attack / wing attack (Dubai College)

Caitlin Gowdy – goal defence / wing defence (Dubai English Speaking College)

Noorulain Hussain – goal defence / wing defence (Dubai College)

Zahra Hussain-Gillani – goal defence / goalkeeper (British School Al Khubairat)

Claire Janssen – goal shooter / goal attack (Jumeriah English Speaking School)

Eliza Petricola – wing attack / centre (Dubai English Speaking College)

Your rights as an employee

The government has taken an increasingly tough line against companies that fail to pay employees on time. Three years ago, the Cabinet passed a decree allowing the government to halt the granting of work permits to companies with wage backlogs.

The new measures passed by the Cabinet in 2016 were an update to the Wage Protection System, which is in place to track whether a company pays its employees on time or not.

If wages are 10 days late, the new measures kick in and the company is alerted it is in breach of labour rules. If wages remain unpaid for a total of 16 days, the authorities can cancel work permits, effectively shutting off operations. Fines of up to Dh5,000 per unpaid employee follow after 60 days.

Despite those measures, late payments remain an issue, particularly in the construction sector. Smaller contractors, such as electrical, plumbing and fit-out businesses, often blame the bigger companies that hire them for wages being late.

The authorities have urged employees to report their companies at the labour ministry or Tawafuq service centres — there are 15 in Abu Dhabi.

The specs: 2019 Chevrolet Bolt EV

Price, base: Dh138,000 (estimate)
Engine: 60kWh battery
Transmission: Single-speed Electronic Precision Shift
Power: 204hp
Torque: 360Nm
​​​​​​​Range: 520km (claimed)