What is Himars and how will the US rocket system affect the Ukraine war?

Precision munitions have a range of about 80 kilometres and could strike Russian supply lines

A High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (Himars) rocket fired by US forces during live-fire exercises in the Philippines. Reuters

The Himars is a light multiple rocket launcher developed in the late 1990s. EPA

Himars rockets are fired during US military exercises in Morocco. AFP

Ukrainian soldiers ride on a vehicle carrying a rocket launcher in eastern Ukraine. AFP

A vehicle fires the Himars during combat training in Yakima, Washington state. The Olympian / AP

A soldier stands in the ruins of Mariupol's theatre, destroyed in Russian shelling. AFP

A Himars rocket launcher displayed at the 2021 Dubai Airshow. AFP

A Ukrainian soldier stands outside a school hit by Russian artillery in the village of Zelenyi Hai. AFP

US military personnel stand by a Himars vehicle during a defence show in Saudi Arabia. AFP

A US Himars is unloaded during military exercises in Latvia. EPA

Ukrainian soldiers embedded in a trench on the front line in the Lugansk region. AFP

The US has announced it will send advanced missile systems to Ukraine, but the jury is out on whether they will be a game-changer in Kyiv's war with Russia.

The new weapon is the Himars multiple launch rocket system, or MLRS — a mobile unit that can simultaneously launch several precision-guided missiles.

Both Ukraine and Russia already operate MLRS, but the Himars has superior range and precision.

President Joe Biden wrote in The New York Times that the advanced rockets will enable the Ukrainians “to more precisely strike key targets on the battlefield in Ukraine”.

Yet the US plans to limit the range of the missiles it gives Ukraine to avoid them being used to hit targets deep inside Russia.

What is Himars?

The M142 Himars system (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System) is a modernised, lighter and more agile wheel-mounted version of the track-mounted M270 MLRS developed in the 1970s for US and allied forces.

The Himars being sent to Ukraine will have a range of about 80 kilometres and the Ukrainian military has vowed not to launch the rockets at Russia.

“The Ukrainians have given us assurances that they will not use these systems against targets on Russian territory,” US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said on Wednesday.

Himars carry one preloaded pod of six 227mm guided missiles — the M270 carries two pods — or one large pod loaded with an ATACMS tactical missile.

With a small crew, the Himars can remove a spent pod and load a fresh one in minutes, without other vehicles helping. Ukrainian crews manning the system will require some training in its use.

The US military already has Himars units in Europe, and Nato allies Poland and Romania have also acquired the systems. It was not immediately clear how many Himars the US will send to Ukraine.

A Soviet/Russian towed 152mm field gun, called the 2A36 Giatsint-B, is fired by self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic militia on the front line near Avdiivka, Donetsk region. EPA

A girl runs through a fountain in front of the Opera house in Lviv, Ukraine. AP

A girl is seen through a hole in the kitchen of an apartment destroyed by Russian attacks in Irpin, outside Kyiv, Ukraine. Reuters

A young woman walks near a damaged Soviet tank monument in Trostyanets, Ukraine. Getty Images

Members of the foreign volunteers unit which fights in the Ukrainian army, in Severodonetsk. Reuters

A woman looks for her belongings beneath rubble after a strike destroyed three houses in the city of Slovyansk, in the Ukrainian region of Donbas. AFP

Ukraine fans hold up anti-war signs before a Fifa World Cup qualifier match at Hampden Park, Glasgow. PA

A street musician plays the piano to raise money for the Ukrainian army in Sumy, Ukraine. Getty

Residents queue to fetch water in the town of Rubizhne, in Ukraine's Luhansk enclave. Reuters

Children walk past a damaged school in the city of Merefa in the Kharkiv area, Ukraine. EPA

A man repairs a car in a residential area of Mariupol. AFP

An aerial view shows a Russian vessel reportedly delivering stolen Ukrainian grain at Latakia port in Syria. AFP

Children sit inside a bomb shelter in Rubizhne. Reuters

A man pushes a bicycle near a residential building in Rubizhne that was destroyed during fighting between Ukrainian and Russian forces. Reuters

Vlada Shcheglova, wife of Ukraine footballer Oleksandr Zinchenko, before the Fifa World Cup qualifier at Hampden Park in Glasgow. PA

A damaged building in the town of Rubizhne. Reuters

A man reads a book as he sits on a fragment of a rocket at an exhibition in Kyiv featuring Russian equipment that was damaged or destroyed during the conflict. AFP

Ukrainian servicemen ride electric scooters in Kyiv. AFP

A man reacts at the site where his house once stood in Motyzhyn village in the Kyiv region. AFP

The burnt wreckage of a tank sits in the overflowing Uhor river, in Kolychivka, Ukraine. Getty Images

People sit next to a damaged apartment building in Irpin, near Kyiv. AFP

Evgeny, 31, stands in his damaged apartment in the Saltivka district, northern Kharkiv. AFP

Ukrainian workers repair a flat damaged by shelling in the southern city of Odesa. EPA

The windows of a Gazprom oil company building in Moscow glow in the shape of the symbol Z, associated with Russia's invasion of Ukraine. EPA

A Ukrainian soldier looks at sunflower seeds on fire in a storage area, after shelling on a farm close to the front line near Bakhmut. EPA

The burnt wreckage of a Ukrainian tank, in Kolychivka. Getty Images

A grave in front of destroyed residential buildings in Mariupol. AFP

Residents sit outside a destroyed apartment building in Mariupol. AFP

A cat walks past destroyed residential buildings in Mariupol. AFP

Local artists draw on fragments of exploded rockets in the western Ukrainian city of Lviv. EPA

Why are they valuable?

The MLRS will give Ukrainian forces the ability to strike farther behind Russian lines and from greater distances, providing protection from Russia's own long-range weaponry.

The GPS-guided missiles the Himars shoots from its six-pack pod have a range about double that of the M777 howitzers that the US recently supplied to Ukrainian forces.

This could threaten Russian supply depots amid the western belief that Moscow's forces are suffering extensive logistical problems.

The US will not supply Ukraine with the ATACMS, which has a range of 300km.

Some analysts say Himars would be a game-changer at a time when Ukraine appears to be struggling under Russian artillery fire. But others say Himars will not suddenly turn the tables in the three-month war.

A western official told reporters that the Himars “outperforms the other systems that Russia is fielding in the battle space”.

“That weapon system will enable counter-battery fire to be able to go after Russian artillery in a deeper and more effective way … By having that reach of 80km, you can get into those Russian supply lines,” the official said.

“What this Himars is going to do is going to enable the Ukrainians to affect those logistics in depth, and that's going to be a real complication for Russian forces.”

AFP contributed to this report