Iran’s satellite launchers could be “easily modified” into ballistic missiles following the first successful mission of a military orbiter, an international think tank has warned.
The chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps has also claimed that the first launch of a military satellite takes the country’s spying capabilities to the "next level".
His words come as the IRGC seeks use the success to boost its influence in Iran’s internal power struggle after the government suffered criticism for its handling of the coronavirus crisis.
A reconfigured Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV), using solid-fuel motors of a Sejil medium range missile, could send a rocket armed with a 1,000kg payload for a distance of 2,500km, according to a report by the International Institute of Strategic Studies. The range would bring much of central Europe within range as well as large parts of China and all India.
Solid fuel motors also posed much more of a threat, the report warned. “Herein lies an emerging concern about the IRGC’s nascent space programme. Solid-fuel motors are more compact than their liquid-fuel counterparts. They are also simpler to deploy, transport and launch.”
The solid-fuel systems were not only the military’s preferred choice for ballistic missiles but also demonstrated that the launch vehicles could be “more easily modified for use as a ballistic missile”.
Although no other military has yet turned a liquid-fuel SLV into a ballistic rocket, both Israel and India have converted solid-fuel launchers into missiles.
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An Iranian Simorgh rocket carrying a satellite being launched from Imam Khomeini Spaceport in the Semnan province. Iran's state television reported that the rocket failed to put a communications satellite into oribt. EPA -
The launch site at the Imam Khomeini Spaceport in south-eastern Iran. EPA -
The rocket was carrying the Zafar communications satellite. EPA -
The Simorgh rocket ahead of its launch from the Imam Khomeini Spaceport. EPA -
The launch was Iran's fourth consecutive unsuccessful attempt to put a satellite in orbit. EPA -
The Zafar satellite, Persian for Victory, being launched from the Imam Khomeini Spaceport. AFP -
A screen grab from a video made available by Iran's Press TV shows the launch of the new Raad-500 short-range ballistic missile unveiled on the same day as the satellite launch. EPA
“Iran could do the same over the next five to ten years if the IRGC space programme continues unabated,” said the report author Mike Elleman, IISS Director of Non-Proliferation and Nuclear Policy Programme.
To prevent Iran developing an intercontinental range missile which would bring America within range, a deal is urgently needed to be negotiated for satellite launches.
"To reduce the risk of the Islamic Republic from developing an intercontinental-range missile capability under the guise of space-launch activities, the international community must negotiate a compromise that permits Iran to launch satellites for peaceful purposes, but prohibits the use of solid-fuel motors larger than the Sejil's first stage," the report stated.
The successful mission marked the first time Iran’s military has carried out a satellite launch. All previous attempts were made by the civilian space arm, the Iranian Space Agency, which suffered a series of mishaps. The military satellite is currently orbiting 440km above the Earth.
Following the April 22 launch, the Guard’s commander-in-chief, Major General Hossein Salami, said it was “a strategic achievement” that took Iran’s defence and information gathering capabilities to the next level.
The officer, who regularly targets America, Israel and Saudi Arabia in aggressive speeches, said it was a new step in Iran’s quest to enhance its regional and global power.
The IISS confirmed the launch was a “powerful message of defiance” to the US and Gulf States particularly at a time when Iran was apparently suffering from very low oil prices and the assassination of the Quds Force leader Qassem Suleimani in January.
