Migrants on a wooden boat are rescued by the Malta-based NGO Migrant Offshore Aid Station (MOAS) in the central Mediterranean in international waters off the coast of Sabratha in Libya on April 15, 2017. Darrin Zammit Lupi / Reuters, file
Migrants on a wooden boat are rescued by the Malta-based NGO Migrant Offshore Aid Station (MOAS) in the central Mediterranean in international waters off the coast of Sabratha in Libya on April 15, 2017. Darrin Zammit Lupi / Reuters, file
Migrants on a wooden boat are rescued by the Malta-based NGO Migrant Offshore Aid Station (MOAS) in the central Mediterranean in international waters off the coast of Sabratha in Libya on April 15, 2017. Darrin Zammit Lupi / Reuters, file
Migrants on a wooden boat are rescued by the Malta-based NGO Migrant Offshore Aid Station (MOAS) in the central Mediterranean in international waters off the coast of Sabratha in Libya on April 15, 20

EU’s Mediterranean migrant dilemma: Are aid groups providing a ferry service for human smugglers?


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BRUSSELS // Humanitarian groups that have rescued thousands of African migrants making a dangerous sea crossing to Europe are under increasing pressure from European officials, accused of acting as a “ferry service” that encourages unscrupulous people smugglers.

For European Union officials, the debate about the role of aid groups in the Mediterranean highlights their dilemma between the moral and legal obligation of helping those in need, and growing pressure from voters to keep them away.

Escaping wars and poverty, more than 360,000 refugees and migrants reached Europe shores last year, most of them on rescue vessels. Thousands more have drowned at sea, loaded by human traffickers on to boats unsuitable for the long journey between Libya and Italy.

The EU’s approach has increasingly shifted towards keeping people away, drawing widespread condemnation from rights groups but going some way to soothing nervous voters. One official in Brussels said there was no choice but to take the NGOs to task.

“We can’t avoid doing it. As much as it is harmful to the migrants. With the NGOs operating so close to the Libyan shores, it is tantamount to providing a ferry service,” the official said.

“It’s almost as if the smugglers were putting people directly on NGO boats.”

Appalled by the loss of life, aid groups such as Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), MOAS, Sea Watch, SOS Mediterranee, Sea Eye, Jugend Rettet, Save the Children and others have stepped up their search and rescue operations and moved closer to the Libyan coast.

That is further south than EU, Nato and merchant vessels are prepared to go because of legal, security and political concerns.

MSF says the move is essential for saving more lives.

“If you want to have an impact, you have to be able to rescue them as close to the shore as possible,” said Aurelie Ponthieu of MSF.

The subject is being debated around the EU. Belgium’s migration minister, Theo Francken said in March that MSF was encouraging people smugglers, earning him a swift rebuke from his prime minister Charles Michel who told him to “respect humanitarian work”.

Aid groups deny helping people smugglers in any way.

The main route for African migrants to Europe claimed nearly 4,600 lives last year and about 1,300 so far this year, according to UN data.

A further 50,000 people were rescued last year from capsized boats or overcrowded dinghies, EU border agency Frontex said.

MSF and other NGOs stepped up their rescue efforts in the last migratory season, which starts in the spring when the seas are calmer, and moved them closer to shore.

Frontex says this has allowed people smugglers to maximise their profits by using flimsier boats, providing tiny amounts of fuel or food, and sometimes removing the engines, resulting in more casualties.

The agency called for the role of the NGOs to be examined.

Authorities in the Italian port of Catania have opened an investigation into the role of NGOs. When chief prosecutor, Carmelo Zuccaro, first launched the probe in February, he said he was looking for any signs of collusion between NGOs and people smugglers.

The Italian parliament is also looking into the role of the NGOs in the search and rescue operations near the Libyan coast.

“We have to strike the right balance between saving lives and making sure our actions don’t fuel a criminal business by encouraging criminals to adapt their modus operandi to the fact that there will be vessels approaching Libya,” Frontex head Fabrice Leggeri said.

Mr Leggeri said nearly half of all search and rescue operations were now carried out by NGOs, making it harder for governments to control the process.

“My point was not to blame the NGOs or to blame anybody. It was just to highlight facts. The paradox we have is that in 2016 there was the highest number of vessels patrolling there. Nevertheless, we also had the highest number of casualties,” he said.

MSF and other aid groups involved in search and rescue operations (SARs) say their only goal is to save lives.

“We are doing proactive SARs, not sitting back and waiting for when it’s too late. None of these boats will make it. It’s a matter of hours before these people die or drown,” said Ms Ponthieu.

But many EU officials say the NGOs are encouraging the flow, even if unwittingly.

“We have always seen these rescue operations as a pull factor. If migrants know they will be rescued, they will come,” said one EU diplomat in Brussels.

The NGOs say they are being made the scapegoat for the EU’s own failure to manage migration as politicians tap into higher anti-immigration sentiment among voters.

Deputy head of the EU’s executive arm, Frans Timmermans has come out strongly on the side of the NGOs.

“Saving lives at sea and looking after vulnerable people ... is not the same as promoting irregular migration,” he said last month.

“There is no evidence whatsoever of NGOs working with criminal smuggling networks to help migrants enter into the EU.”

* Reuters

MATCH INFO

Uefa Champions League semi-finals, first leg
Liverpool v Roma

When: April 24, 10.45pm kick-off (UAE)
Where: Anfield, Liverpool
Live: BeIN Sports HD
Second leg: May 2, Stadio Olimpico, Rome

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Transmission: eight-speed PDK automatic

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PSG's line up

GK: Alphonse Areola (youth academy)

Defence - RB: Dani Alves (free transfer); CB: Marquinhos (€31.4 million); CB: Thiago Silva (€42m); LB: Layvin Kurzawa (€23m)

Midfield - Angel di Maria (€47m); Adrien Rabiot (youth academy); Marco Verratti (€12m)

Forwards - Neymar (€222m); Edinson Cavani (€63m); Kylian Mbappe (initial: loan; to buy: €180m)

Total cost: €440.4m (€620.4m if Mbappe makes permanent move)

SRI LANKS ODI SQUAD

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Real estate tokenisation project

Dubai launched the pilot phase of its real estate tokenisation project last month.

The initiative focuses on converting real estate assets into digital tokens recorded on blockchain technology and helps in streamlining the process of buying, selling and investing, the Dubai Land Department said.

Dubai’s real estate tokenisation market is projected to reach Dh60 billion ($16.33 billion) by 2033, representing 7 per cent of the emirate’s total property transactions, according to the DLD.

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Squad

Ali Kasheif, Salim Rashid, Khalifa Al Hammadi, Khalfan Mubarak, Ali Mabkhout, Omar Abdulrahman, Mohammed Al Attas, Abdullah Ramadan, Zayed Al Ameri (Al Jazira), Mohammed Al Shamsi, Hamdan Al Kamali, Mohammed Barghash, Khalil Al Hammadi (Al Wahda), Khalid Essa, Mohammed Shaker, Ahmed Barman, Bandar Al Ahbabi (Al Ain), Al Hassan Saleh, Majid Suroor (Sharjah) Walid Abbas, Ahmed Khalil (Shabab Al Ahli), Tariq Ahmed, Jasim Yaqoub (Al Nasr), Ali Saleh, Ali Salmeen (Al Wasl), Hassan Al Muharami (Baniyas) 

Cricket World Cup League Two

Teams

Oman, UAE, Namibia

Al Amerat, Muscat

 

Results

Oman beat UAE by five wickets

UAE beat Namibia by eight runs

Namibia beat Oman by 52 runs

UAE beat Namibia by eight wickets

 

Fixtures

Saturday January 11 - UAE v Oman

Sunday January 12 – Oman v Namibia

The Uefa Awards winners

Uefa Men's Player of the Year: Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)

Uefa Women's Player of the Year: Lucy Bronze (Lyon)

Best players of the 2018/19 Uefa Champions League

Goalkeeper: Alisson (Liverpool)

Defender: Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)

Midfielder: Frenkie de Jong (Ajax)

Forward: Lionel Messi (Barcelona)

Uefa President's Award: Eric Cantona

Changing visa rules

For decades the UAE has granted two and three year visas to foreign workers, tied to their current employer. Now that's changing.

Last year, the UAE cabinet also approved providing 10-year visas to foreigners with investments in the UAE of at least Dh10 million, if non-real estate assets account for at least 60 per cent of the total. Investors can bring their spouses and children into the country.

It also approved five-year residency to owners of UAE real estate worth at least 5 million dirhams.

The government also said that leading academics, medical doctors, scientists, engineers and star students would be eligible for similar long-term visas, without the need for financial investments in the country.

The first batch - 20 finalists for the Mohammed bin Rashid Medal for Scientific Distinction.- were awarded in January and more are expected to follow.

ESSENTIALS

The flights

Emirates flies from Dubai to Phnom Penh via Yangon from Dh2,700 return including taxes. Cambodia Bayon Airlines and Cambodia Angkor Air offer return flights from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap from Dh250 return including taxes. The flight takes about 45 minutes.

The hotels

Rooms at the Raffles Le Royal in Phnom Penh cost from $225 (Dh826) per night including taxes. Rooms at the Grand Hotel d'Angkor cost from $261 (Dh960) per night including taxes.

The tours

A cyclo architecture tour of Phnom Penh costs from $20 (Dh75) per person for about three hours, with Khmer Architecture Tours. Tailor-made tours of all of Cambodia, or sites like Angkor alone, can be arranged by About Asia Travel. Emirates Holidays also offers packages. 

West Asia Premiership

Dubai Hurricanes 58-10 Dubai Knights Eagles

Dubai Tigers 5-39 Bahrain

Jebel Ali Dragons 16-56 Abu Dhabi Harlequins

Green ambitions
  • Trees: 1,500 to be planted, replacing 300 felled ones, with veteran oaks protected
  • Lake: Brown's centrepiece to be cleaned of silt that makes it as shallow as 2.5cm
  • Biodiversity: Bat cave to be added and habitats designed for kingfishers and little grebes
  • Flood risk: Longer grass, deeper lake, restored ponds and absorbent paths all meant to siphon off water 
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Power: 134bhp

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets