Pharmaceutical company Merck said on Friday it is seeking approval from US regulators for an experimental Covid-19 pill that it claims reduces hospital admissions and deaths by half in recently infected people.
If cleared, Merck’s drug would be the first pill shown to treat Covid-19. All therapies for the virus now authorised in the US require an IV or injection.
In the UAE, Sotrovimab antiviral Covid-19 treatment – produced by British multinational GlaxoSmithKline – is administered by IV.
Merck and its partner, fellow US company Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, said early results were positive.
They showed patients who received the drug – called Molnupiravir – within five days of Covid-19 symptoms had about half the rate of hospital admissions and death as patients who received a dummy pill.
The study tracked 775 adults with mild-to-moderate cases of the virus who were considered higher risk for developing severe disease due to health problems such as obesity, diabetes or heart disease.
“Merck plans to seek emergency use authorisation in the US as soon as possible and to submit applications to regulatory agencies worldwide,” the companies said.
Among patients taking Molnupiravir, 7.3 per cent were either admitted to hospital or died at the end of 30 days, compared with 14.1 per cent of those getting the dummy pill. There were no deaths in the drug group after 30 days, compared with eight deaths in the placebo group, said Merck.
The results were released by the company and have not been peer reviewed.
Merck said it plans to present them at a future medical meeting.
An independent group of medical experts monitoring the trial recommended stopping it early because the interim results were so strong.
Company executives said they are in discussions with the US Food and Drug Administration and plan to submit the data for review in coming days.
“It exceeded what I thought the drug might be able to do in this clinical trial,” said Dr Dean Li, vice president of Merck research.
“When you see a 50 per cent reduction in hospitalisation or death that’s a substantial clinical impact.”
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Side effects were reported by both groups in the Merck trial but were slightly more common among the group that received a dummy pill. The company did not specify the problems.
Earlier study results showed the drug did not benefit patients who had already been admitted to hospital with severe Covid-19.
Health experts, including the top US infectious disease expert Dr Anthony Fauci, have long called for a convenient pill that patients could take when Covid-19 symptoms first appear – much the way the decades-old flu medication Tamiflu helps fight influenza.
Such medications are seen as key to controlling future waves of infection and reducing the impact of the pandemic.
Merck’s pill works by interfering with an enzyme the coronavirus uses to copy its genetic code and reproduce itself. It has shown similar activity against other viruses.
The US government has committed to purchase 1.7 million doses of the drug if it is authorised by the FDA.
Merck has said it can produce 10 million doses by the end of the year and has contracts with governments worldwide.
The company has not announced prices.
Several other companies, including Pfizer and Roche, are studying similar drugs that could report results in the coming weeks and months.
Merck had planned to enrol more than 1,500 patients in its late-stage trial before the independent board stopped it early.
