Areas of the UAE desert were once carpeted with trees, plants and shrubs that have since been decimated by camels, farmers said.
Researchers have long identified overgrazing as one of the Emirates’ “main environmental challenges”.
Last year, the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi said the rising popularity of camel ownership in the UAE risked wiping out rare desert plant life.
The agency has now released a short documentary to demonstrate what has been lost, based on first-hand accounts of camel farmers. The film was released on the agency's Instagram page.
“The desert was full of shrubs and grasses in the past,” said Ahmed Al Kindi, from Madinat Zayed.
“When the young camel would sit you would not be able to see it because of how tall the grasses were.”
Camel ownership has exploded in recent years, according to official figures.
There were more than 408,000 camels in Abu Dhabi in 2017, a rise of almost 50 per cent since 2010.
The mammals eat wild grasses and desert shrubs and have adapted to consume species avoided by other animals.
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The seeds of native plants are sown in Abu Dhabi under an intiative to green the emirate. Courtesy Environment Agency Abu Dhabi -
An Acacia tree -
A Ghaf tree. Bloomberg via Getty Images -
Red Bristle grass.
In another scene in the short film, camel farmer Saker Al Mehairbi, of Al Wathba, stands in front of a patch of desert sparsely peppered with plants.
“This area is called Sarami,” he said. “It used to have so many different native shrubs, such as rimth, alqa, anqood, and endless amounts of ghada covered this whole area. It was all green.”
The land used to be rich, with plants and trees everywhere, said Mohammed Al Mazrouei, a camel farmer from Al Dhafra.
“Nowadays there are too many camels. They have eaten everything,” he said.
“They’ve grazed on all the old trees and shrubs, even the branches. To add to this, we haven’t had rain for a year. They’ve grazed on everything. They haven’t left anything. The land is left totally barren.”
Plants and shrubs can still be found in the desert, but usually only in protected areas, they said.
“Today, you can find lots of plants in the fenced areas. But outside there is nothing,” Mr Al Mazrouei said.
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Emirati and Jordanian officials attend as Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019. All pictures by The National -
Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
Jordanian Bedouins celebrate as they race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
Camels race for glory in Jordan in an annual celebration of sport and tradition. Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019. (The National) -
Hundreds of camels took part in the popular festival -
The Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Camel Race Festival is a hotly-anticipated event -
Jordanian Bedouins watch the camels race using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
Jordanian Bedouins race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019. (The National) -
Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
Swords are given to victorious Jordanian Bedouins -
Swords are given to Jordanian Bedouins winners who raced camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
The weekend camel festival brought a carnival atmosphere to the Wadi Rum valley. -
Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019 -
Jordanian Bedouins prepare to race camels using robotic jockeys at the Sheikh Zayed track in the town of al-Disi in the desert of Wadi Rum valley, on November 9, 2019
This year, President Sheikh Khalifa issued a new law to regulate grazing in Abu Dhabi, to prevent further loss of plant life.
The legislation, enforced by EAD, stipulates grazing areas must be two kilometres from natural reserves and outside the borders of critical habitats.
Anyone wishing to manage grazing areas for camels and other livestock must apply for a permit from the authority.
Some people said camel ownership should be curtailed.
“There must be strict regulations so that people reduce the number of camels they have or are restricted from grazing in many areas,” Mr Al Kindi said.
Camel ownership is a key part of the UAE’s culture and heritage.
Known as ships of the desert, they were historically used as a means of transport and as a source of food and milk.
They are still celebrated, with the best and most beautiful fetching up to Dh12 million ($3.26m) in camel races and pageants.
Thousands attend camel beauty contests across the UAE that feature multimillion-dirham prizes.
Owners spend the entire year preparing their camels for the occasions, feeding them protein powder, milk and honey and treating their coats with olive oil to ensure they are shiny.
